training hvac production_boiler

7/30/2019 Training HVAC Production_Boiler

1/24

HVAC- Boiler

Technology Presentation


2/24

Schneider Electric 2S&PBU/PEC/TC

Agenda

Introduction to Boilers

Boiler Efficiency

Definition

Causes of bad efficiencies / Leads of Savings

Boiler Regulation

In function of outside temperature

In function of ambient temperature Cascade Control

Case Study


3/24


Steam boileri.e Process Hot water boiler i.e Heating

Definition proposal :Boiler: is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The heated or

vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications.

Burner: is a device to generate a flame to heat up products using a fuel.

Source : Wikipedia



4/24


Source of heat for a boiler : Combustion

Chemical equation for stoichiometric combustion of an hydrocarbon in air :


NitrogenDioxydeCarbonWaterHeatAirFuel

Common Fuel Types:Natural Gas, Propane, Butane, Fuel Oil


5/24


Boiler main components :


Boiler: Heat exchange Burner: Flame generation

Power supply

Control devices

Ex: Steam boiler Ex: Gas burner

1: Motor; 7: Air motorized valve; 12: Pressure control


6/24


Exhausts gas

Combustion

Combustion gas are blown

through the boiler and

transfer their energy to the

fluid

ChimneySteam

Air

Fuel

How does a boiler work ?(Example of a steam boiler)



7/24Schneider Electric 7S&PBU/PEC/TC

Different Types of Boilers

Low pressure boilers : Max working pressure are 103 kPa for steam boilers,

1100 kPa for hot water below 120C.

High pressure boilers : Operate above working pressure 103 kPa for steam

boilers, 1100 kPa for hot water above 120C

Steam Boilers : for space heating, hot water heat exchangers, absorption

cooling, laundry, sterilizers etc. Standard sizes from 17kW to 30 MW

Water Boilers : for space heating, industrial processes. Standard sizes to 17

kW to over 30 MW


Hot Water boilerLow Pressure Steam boiler



Different types of burners


Modulating burners

One or Two speed burners

Atmospheric burners



Different types of burners


One speed burnersBurner

flow rate

Time

Two speed burners

Modulating burners

Time

Burner

flow rate

1st speed

Burner

flow rate

1st speed

Time



Agenda


Boiler Efficiency

Definition


Boiler Regulation


In function of ambient temperature

Cascade Control

Case Study


11/24


ConsumedEnergy

ProducedEnergyEfficiency

Source: 'Boilers and Heaters: Improving Energy Efficiency'

Natural Resources Canada, 2001;

Definition

Boiler Efficiency


12/24


Different efficiency for different technology

Boiler Efficiency


13/24


The insulation of the boiler is insufficient

Losses through

the innersurface

Repairing the insulation of the boiler

Causes of bad efficiencies

Boiler Efficiency


14/24


The boiler is getting sooty


Boiler clogged Boiler after cleaning

Clean periodically the boiler

Boiler Efficiency


15/24


The boiler and the burner are quite old (more than 25 years)

Replace the boiler and the burner


Boiler Efficiency


16/24



Bad draught for the exhaust gas

Pressure of the

exhausts gas too low

Check the pressure if this one is too low install

a draft regulator

Boiler Efficiency


17/24


Inlet valve of the buner stay open at idle time

Air inlet

Change the electrical connection to shut the

valve of the burner at idle time


Boiler Efficiency


18/24


Case of Burner Power > Boiler Power

Regulate the power of the burner


Boiler Efficiency


19/24


Agenda


Boiler Efficiency

Definition


Boiler Regulation



Cascade Control

Case Study


20/24


External temperature

Hotwatertemp

erature


Boiler Regulation


21/24


Ambient temperature

Water TC

20C

Heat

relaunch

time

time

16C

Night

setback

Average temperature


Boiler Regulation


22/24


Boiler n3

Water

temperature

Time delay

relay

time

time

Power in use

(n of boilerrunning)

Boiler 1 running

Boiler 2 running

Boiler 3 running

time

Temperature

setting

Cascade Control

Boiler Regulation


23/24


A plant uses Heating oil to produce hot water used for:

- sanitary hot water and

- offices heating.

- Boiler power is 580 KW equipped with a two stages burner of 560 Kw

- Annual consumption : 51 000 L of fuel

- Price : 0.469 / L

Boiler :

- Combustion rate mesured : 79 %- The boiler is 30 years old and the maintenance contract have been stopped since 1990

- Insulation of the boiler quite good

- All the installation have been checked and valided by a boiler specialist

- Presence of a draft regulator

Air blowed Burner :

- Equipped with an inlet damper which stay open at idle time- Burner cycle time : 3 minutes

- Bigger stage not regulated to real heating needed

Building recent

Case Study


24/24


SAVINGS Kwh /

Saving details

Case Study

training hvac production_boiler

Documents