tracking an invasive crane fly pest complex in north america
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Tracking an invasive crane fly pest complex in North America Sujaya Rao, Aaron Liston & Jon Umble, Oregon State University. Photo: Tom Cook. Photo: Tom Cook. Abstract - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Tracking an invasive crane fly pest complex in North AmericaSujaya Rao, Aaron Liston & Jon Umble, Oregon State University
Abstract
Two exotic crane fly species, Tipula paludosa and T.
oleracea, inadvertently introduced into North America, damage grasses in home lawns, golf courses, sod farms and seed production fields. Damage has also been observed in commercial peppermint. Both species are spreading and have been detected as far south as California in the west and in upstate New York in the east. We developed a mitochondrial cytB sequence technique for rapid separation of the two species, and for determining habitats where larvae of both species are present. The DNA analysis technique will be used for tracking further range expansion by the two species.
Distribution of T. paludosa and T. oleracea in N. America
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
T. oleraceaT. paludosa
aestivation
Adult emergence
Larval feeding
Primer sequences used Primer SequenceCytb-10821F 5’-CGA CAA ATA TCA TTT TGA GGA GCA ACA GCytb-11290R 5’-ATT ACT CCT CCT AGC TTA TTA GGA ATT G
Cytb-9F 5’-ATG AAT TTG AGG GGG ATT TGCytb-308R 5’-AGA GGG TTA GCT GGG ATA AA
Crane fly species Habitats where leatherjackets were collected
Tipula paludosa golf course; public park; home lawn; commercial peppermint
Tipula oleracea golf course; commercial peppermintTipula tristis seed production fields: perennial ryegrass;
commercial meadowfoamNephrotoma ferruginea
commercial peppermint
T. (Platytipula) sp. commercial meadowfoamT. (Triplicitipula) sp.
seed production fields: annual ryegrass and perennial ryegrass; commercial meadowfoam
Adults
Differences between T. paludosa and T. oleracea
Voltinism
Eggs
T. paludosaT. oleraceaT. paludosaT. oleracea
Damage by exotic crane fly larvae
Peppermint
Home lawn
Mitochondrial cytB sequences for rapid larval identification
Diagnostic marker (research in progress)
A single representative phylogenetic tree obtained from maximum parsimony analysis of the mitochondrial cytB sequence data.
Geographic distribution in Oregon – adult survey
Host range in Oregon - survey of larvae*
* Larvae identified using mt cytB sequence
Publications: Rao, S., Liston, A., Crampton, L. and Takeyasu, J. 2006. Identification of larvae of exotic Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Tipulidae) and T. oleracea in North America using mitochondrial cytB
sequences. Annals of the Entomological Society of America (In Press). Umble, J. and Rao, S. 2004. Exotic Tipula paludosa and T. oleracea (Diptera: Tipulidae) in the United States: Geographic distribution in western Oregon. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 80:42-
52. Rao, S. and Gelhaus, J. 2003. Peppermint, a new host record for crane flies (Diptera: Tipulidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 79: 45-46
All sites sampled T. oleracea T. paludosa
T. paludosa T. oleracea
Photo: Tom Cook
Photo: Tom Cook