Total Quality Management In ConstructionBy: Engineer Mohammed El Bakri EL Beeli

General Total quality management (TQM) is

essentially about the development of an ideology, a philosophy, methods & actions that are designed to satisfy customers completely, through their continuous improvement.

However, TQM is more than this, it is a way of life – away of working life – Because of increasing competition in most, if not all,

General Commercial sectors, attention to quality

in order to satisfy the requirements of consumer’s wants & needs signifies a major change in the way organizations are managed.

What is Management The application of measures to ensure that

financial, human & physical resources are planned, organized, led, controlled and staffed effectively, or the achievement of goals through facilitating an effective process of planning, organizing, leading, controlling, & staffing.

Or the process of getting activates completed efficiently with & through other people.

Level of Management Management is divided into three levels: Top Management: Create policy ,

objective & strategy. Middle Management: Direct other

managers. Lower Management: Supervising staffs.

Theories of ManagementThe Classical Theories of Management Assumption people are rational 1 Scientific management 2 Administrative principles 3 Bureaucratic organization

Behavioral Approach Management Assumption : people are social & self

actualizing Hawthorne studies & Elton Mayo Theory X Theory Y, Douglas Megregor Theory of Human needs , Abraham

Maslow Personality & organization, Chris Argyis

The Human Relations theories of management Social dimension has to be added to the

managers and workers repertoire of skills, along with technical and conceptual

Thus the prompt is for managers to become more worker oriented.

The System Theories of Management A system is any unified entity, where all

parts are interdependent and interrelated.

Organizations can be viewed as such entities. Closed or open

Quantitative Theories of management The foundation of the quantitative

approaches rests in the shared assumption that mathematical techniques can be applied to help solve management problems.

The Contingency Theories of Management Is the application of a management

style, depending upon what the situation demands.

It is a hybrid management style, deemed to be flexible and responsive to the situational demands.

Total Quality Management Theory The development of quality has been

essentially continuous over the past 100 years. Although it must be said that quality existed before this time, over the years the practical implementation of management strategies that sought to satisfy customer’s needs and wants has brought us to present age of quality .

Total Quality MANAGEMENT Theory Total quality management builds on the

open system theory by stressing that the customer is the most important part of the chain , by emphasizing managements responsibility for managing cross – functional processes internally , and by acknowledging the contribution of each individual in the chain.

TQM also stresses the need to continually

Total Quality Management Improve the business process in order to

be able to satisfy customer’s current and future needs.

The application of TQM within an organization will depend on the unique requirement of that organization and on the varying needs of its customers.

TQM requires recognition of the internal customer concept which seeks to break

Total Quality Management Down internal barriers & divisions , and

based on maximizing employee involvement and contribution is key element of TQM today.

Continuous improvement is the cornerstone in the concept of TQM

Measurement of quality is a Key element of TQM, but this is not restricted to manufacturing processes.

Total Quality Management Measurement of customer satisfaction ,

employee satisfaction , operational performance , financial performance and the cost of quality are all used to assist the decision making process.

TQM is based on the open system theory , which is a major concept known in the system school of management , the open system theory shifts management focus

Total Quality Management Away from structure and hierarchy

towards the concept of processes. The business process takes inputs from

suppliers , adds value by transforming them into something else, and delivers the outputs to customers, the customer in return provides feed back about performance of the organization and its products

Total Quality Management It is a simple enough model, but for the

first time, management is being encouraged to think outside the organization, about the quality of its suppliers and about the needs and expectations of its customers.

Total quality management in construction Manufacturing – based definition Product – based definition User – based definition Value – based definition Performance Reliability Conformance Durability

Total quality management in construction Serviceability Aesthetics Perceived quality

Evolution of Modern Quality Concept Quality development through inspection Quality development through quality

control Quality development through quality

assurance Quality development through TQM

Quality management writers Juran Deming Garvin Crosby Ishikawa Feigenbaum Taguchi

Modern construction management concepts Value management Constructability Benchmarking Reengineering Total quality management Partnering

Quality system standard & quality assurance What is quality system Quality assurance in design and

construction Economics of quality assurance The need for QA in construction industry Reasons for implementing a QA system Costs & fees of the QA system Advantages of the QA system Problems associated with the QA system

Iso Quality system series of standards Origin and basis The 1994 BS EN ISO 9000 series New ISO 9000 – 2000 quality

management system standard New ISO and other quality standards