Tools for Database Projects

Syeda NessaTA for CS 6360

email: skn051000@utdallas.eduOffice Hour: Monday(11:00AM-1:00PM)

Tuesday(9:30 AM-11:30AM)Office Location:ECSS 4.705

This slide: http://www.utdallas.edu/~skn051000/cs6360/

Agenda

We are going to discuss the tools necessary for doing your database projects. We are going to discuss:

Setting up your Oracle Account

Using Altova XMLSpy

PL/SQL issues

Steps to set up your oracle account

Login to csoracle.utdallas.edu with your net id and password using putty.

Edit your .bash_profile file at your home folder using vi,emacs, nano,.. by adding the following lines at end of the file.

#####################

if [ -f /oracle/env.sh ]

then

. /oracle/env.sh

fi

#####################

Steps to set up your oracle account

source the .bash_profile by typing:

csoracle> source .bash_profile You should get the message that “oracle

variable has been set”.

Setting password for Oracle

change your oracle password by typing: csoracle> /oracle/oam.pl

Should get the following message

Modifying password for #######

Enter New Password:

Confirm New Password:

Password changed Successfully Login to oracle by typing:

csoracle > sqlplus

In case of Error

if the previous steps did not work, please email me at skn051000@utdallas.edu with the problem. Include what error messages you got during the process.

Using Sqlplus

Once you have logged on to Oracle using sqlplus you will get SQL prompt to run any sql query.

Example:

SQL> spool out_test.txt

SQL> create table test_spool(a int, b char);

Table created.

SQL> spool off

Spooling

Here “spool” command is used for recording all your activities in sql prompt.

In the above example I used “spool out_test.txt” command to start spooling and store all sql commands and outputs into out_test.txt file. This file will be stored in my home directory.

You have to give “spool off” command to stop spooling.

Helpful Links

For reference on any sql function or command see the following page http://www.psoug.org/library.html http://oracleheva1.oracle.com/docs/cd/A87860_01/

doc/server.817/a85397.pdf For Oracle 10g

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14200/toc.htm

For general help http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/fcdb/oracle/or-int

ro.html#0.1_creating+a+table

Executing SQL From a File

Instead of executing SQL commands typed at a terminal, you can type the SQL command(s) into a file foo.sql and execute it by typing

SQL> @foo

sqlplus assumes by default the file extension ".sql" if there is no extension. So you could have entered @foo.sql at the SQL prompt, but if you wanted to execute the file bar.txt, you would have to enter @bar.txt.

References:http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/fcdb/oracle/or-intro.html

Leaving SQLPlus

To run any Shell command from SQL prompt you need to type

SQL > host <command>

For example to run pico to edit file assignment1.sql SQL> host pico assignment1.sql

After you exit from pico you will return to the SQL prompt.

To leave sqlplus, typeSQL> quit;

Using Altova XMLSpy

To do the XML related Homework you need to use Altova XMLSpy installed in graduate Lab.

Using Altova XMLSpy you can generate xsd, xml, xquery etc.

There is also a 30 day evaluation version available in their web site that you can download, install and use in your personal computer [not in lab].

Useful Links For XML

XML will be covered extensively in your class.

In addition, W3C has lot of free tutorials:

http://www.w3schools.com/xml/default.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/schema/default.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/xquery/default.asp

Altova has a series of flash demos on using their product:

http://www.altova.com/videos.asp?type=0&video=xmlspy

Alternative to Altova

You can use any text editor to write your xml or xsd file.

There are some online tools you can use to validate your xml against your xsd.

http://tools.decisionsoft.com/schemaValidate/

http://www.w3.org/2001/03/webdata/xsv

To execute xquery you need to download saxon xml parser from

http://www.saxonica.com/download/saxonsa8-9j.zip

Unzip the file and run your xquery using

java -cp saxon8.jar net.sf.saxon.Query <xquery file>

How To use Altova XMLSpy

First, build your XSD file.

Second, build your xml file against the xsd

Then you can run xquery on your xml file.

Creating XSD file

XSD is the definition of data structure of your xml file.

First you need to define the structure

Then create the elements of the structure in a bottom up fashion

Example: Cars

Suppose you are writing an XML to list cars.

The entry for each car will describe the model and the engine of the car.

The model section will describe the Make, Model, Trim and Year of the car.

The engine section will describe the size of the engine and the number of cylinders.

Car XML Our XML will look like:<Cars>

<car>

<CarModel>

<Make>Ford</Make><Model>Mustang</Model><Year>1999</Year><Trim>GT</Trim>

</CarModel>

<Engine>

<Size>4.6L</Size>

<Cylinder>V6</Cylinder></Engine>

</car>

</Cars>

Structure of Cars

The following structure can be inferred:

CarModelType is a ComplexType containing elements Make, Model, Year and Trim.

EngineType is a ComplexType containing elements Size and Cylinder.

CarsType is a ComplexType containing elements CarModel of type CarModelType and Engine of type EngineType.

Finally, the root element is Cars, containing element car of type CarsType.

Constructing the XSD

Open Altova XMLSpy.

From File menu, choose New..., then choose xsd W3C XML Schema. Click OK.

From Schema Design menu, choose Display Diagram.

Right click on any empty space of the diagram and choose New Global > Complex Type.

In the diagram, type the name of the Complex type as CarModelType.

Constructing the XSD (Contd.)

Right click on CarModelType, choose Add Child > Sequence.

Right click on the sequence, choose Add Child > Element.

Type the name of the element as Make.

Similarly add the other elements Model, Year and Trim to the sequence.

Similarly construct the global complex type EngineType with elements Size and Cylinder.

Constructing the XSD (Contd.)

Construct the global complex type CarsType and add its elements CarModel and Engine.

Click on CarModel to select it.

In the Details pane on the right, set the Type property to CarModelType

Similarly set the type of Engine to EngineType

Constructing the XSD (Contd.)

From Schema Design menu, choose Display All Globals.

Choose the root element. As we have not assigned the root element's name, it will show the name ENTER_NAME_OF_ROOT_ELEMENT_HERE.

From Schema Design menu, choose Display Diagram.

Constructing the XSD (Contd.)

Set the name of the root element to Cars.

Add a sequence to Cars

Add an element car of type CarsType to the sequence.

From the Details pane of car, set maxOcc to unbounded.

This completes the construction of the Schema.

Save the schema as cars.xsd

Generate XML File

Altova XMLSpy can generate a sample XML file for your schema. It is a good starting point for your XML file.

From DTD/Schema menu, choose Generate Sample XML File... Click OK.

You will see the sample XML file. Edit the contents, add some more car records, then save the file as cars.xml

XQuery

Once you have your XML file, you can run query on the file.

An XML query is called an XQuery.

Details of XQuery will be covered extensively in your class.

We will see a simple XQuery here on the cars.xml

Create XQuery

From File menu,

Choose New...

Choose xquery XML Query Language

Click OK.

Choose Generic XQuery Transformation

Click OK

Save the file as q1.xquery

Write XQuery

Enter the following text into q1.xquery:<Cars>

{

for $d in distinct-values( doc("cars.xml")/Cars/car/CarModel/Model)

return <Model>{$d}</Model>

}

</Cars>

Save the file.

Execute XQuery

From XSL/XQuery menu,

Choose Execute XQuery.

Choose the cars.xml file.

Click Execute.

You will see the output of the execution.

PL/SQL

PL/SQL is Oracle's Procedural Language extension to SQL.

It will be extensively described into class and your 3rd project will be on PL/SQL, Trigger etc.

It is totally similar to running sql queries except for one point. You have to give the command in SQL prompt to enable outputs from PL SQL

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON

Useful Links For PL/SQL,Trigger

http://infolab.stanford.edu/~ullman/fcdb/oracle/or-plsql.html

http://www.orafaq.com/faq/plsql

http://www.csee.umbc.edu/help/oracle8/server.815/a67842/toc.htm

Trigger/SQL

http://oraclesvca2.oracle.com/docs/cd/A87860_01/doc/server.817/a85397/toc.htm

The presentation is available at http://utdallas.edu/~skn051000/cs6360/

Thank You