Today’s Schedule – 3/20/13

Discuss Final Schedule Cuba PPT Reminder

Have Spring Portfolio topic approved HW:

Rd. Cold War SectionComplete Focus Questions

Cuba (Eisenhower) 1959 – Castro becomes leader Initial US support

Public○ Quickly changes under media coverage

Government○ Land redistribution○ Nationalization of foreign property○ Refusal in loan requests

Soviet Union supportTrade agreement

Sugar embargo CIA training Cuban refugees

The Cold War – JFK & Cuba

BAY OF PIGS

“Special Group” Report / Operation Pluto A PROGRAM OF COVERT ACTION

AGAINST THE CASTRO REGIME1. Objective: The purpose of the program

outlined herein is to bring about the replacement of the Castro regime with one more devoted to the true interests of the Cuban people and more acceptable to the U.S. in such a manner to avoid any appearance of U.S. intervention.

The Bay of Pigs Fiasco / “Operation Zapata”

Kennedy supports “anti-Castro forces in exile”

April, 17 1961—Invasion1,400 Cuban exiles land without expected

U.S. military supportDefeated within 48 hours

Kennedy takes responsibility in defiant speech against “communist penetration”Embarrassed by CIA

○ “The first advice I'm going to give my successor is to watch the generals and to avoid feeling that because they were military men their opinions on military matters were worth a damn.”

JFK INTENSIFIES COLD WAR

Kennedy Intensifies the Cold War John F. Kennedy a "Cold Warrior" Kennedy advisors support U.S. hard line

against Russia

Flexible Response

Arms Buildupconventional armed

forcesthe nuclear arsenalSpecial Forces

U.S. strength tempts new administration to challenge U.S.S.R.

Crisis over Berlin 1961--Khrushchev renews threat again

to give Berlin to East Germany Kennedy’s response

announce crisis on nationwide televisioncall up the National Guard

Soviets retreat Berlin Wall built

CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS

"Nuclear catastrophe was hanging by a thread ... and we weren't counting days or hours, but minutes."

October, 1962--Soviet nuclear missiles confirmed in Cuba

Plan to blockade, invade Cuba October 22--Kennedy informs

Americans of Cuban Missile Crisis October 24 – SU ships advance to

“quarantine” line October 28--Khrushchev agrees to

remove missiles from CubaPublic: US never to invade CubaSecret: US to dismantle IRBMs in

Europe and Turkey Establishes “Hotline” between US

& SU

PoliticalKennedy’s popularity soarsDemocrats gain in Congressional elections

Diplomatic effectsModeration of the Cold WarRussians begin naval, nuclear buildup