Today, you will be able to:Explain the relationship

between urbanization and conflicts resulting the rise of

sectionalism

At each Station:

1. Read the North and South differences

2. Complete the map organizer by

answering the guiding questions

3. Complete the North v. South web-map

Industrial Revolution

Vocabulary

Page 63-64

Page 64Page 63 I.R. Vocabulary I.R. Vocabulary

Industrial Revolution

VocabularyPages 63-64

IndustrializationMass ProductionCottage industriesUrbanizationImmigrationInnovations

I.R. Timeline Voc.

I.R. Inventions Voc.

TransportationCommunicationLocomotiveTranscontinental CanalEfficient Harvest

I.R. Push/Pull Voc.

Pull FactorHomelandPush Factor MigrateFamine

Sectionalism Voc.

TenementsCultivationSanitary facilities

Tenements

Narrow small housing buildings

Pages 63-64

Cultivation

Farming

Pages 63-64

Unsanitary Facilities

A system (ex: bathroom) that is not clean

Pages 63-64

Answer the following

questions as you read

Sectionalism

Sectionalism

Northern Economy

The North was the first of these areas to industrialize. A growing system of factories made it possible for people to find good jobs and support their families. Gradually, the number of workers in Northern factories increased.

• How was the North described as the industrialize economy?

We are going to work in the factories

North Social Changes

Northern cities mushroomed in sized. Wealth became concentrated in the hands of the richest families and the middle class. Life in the countryside transformed to new opportunities such as bankers, managers, and sale clerks. By 1860, half of the population of the North became crowded and dirty.

• What were the social changes that occurred in the North?

Crowded Tenements

In New York City the population double every decade and the living spaces had to accommodate the growing population. Tenements were narrow low-rise apartment buildings that were often too cramped, poorly fit, and lacked indoor plumbing and air circulation. By 1900, 2.3 million people (2/3 of NYC population) were living in tenement housing.

• Describe the tenements in New York City. What were the challenges?

Nature of Factory Workers

Workers and the laboring poor were the chief victims of the new industrial society. Factory workers had to arrive at the factory on time and play close attention to their work. Children also worked long hours in factories. Women and children earned low wages for hard dangerous work and long 12 hour shifts.

• What was the conditions that the women and child faced working at the factories?

Southern Economy

Life in the South was very different from the North. People in this region made their living mostly in agriculture, especially cotton. Most Southerners depended on cotton for all their income. The cultivation of “King Cotton” and slavery dominated the South’s economy.

• What dominated the economy in the South? How was the South different from the North?

Impact on the Cotton Gin

After the invention of the cotton gin, people could harvest large amounts of cotton. But cotton plantations depended heavily on free slave labor. By 1860, about 4 million slaves were in the South. About half of them worked on large cotton plantations.

• Why did the cotton gin increase the demand for slavery?

Southern Slavery

Slaves were generally owned by wealthy Southern landholders who grew cash crops and considered them as property.

Many slaves endured back-breaking working on plantations as field hands. Slaves were divided intro groups and assigned tasks like plowing and harvesting.

• How were the slaves treated? What kind of work did the slaves have?

Life as a Slave

Living conditions for enslaved workers lived in one-room cabins and ate simple, unbalanced meals ofcornmeal and pork. Slaves had unsanitary facilities orrunning water. Slaves were denied basic human rights:they could be beaten or be sold apart from theirfamilies.

• What were the living conditions of southern slaves? Did the slaves have rights?

Pretend it is 1828 and you are a slave writing in her/his diary living in the Southern Plantations. In a postcard you are writing to your friend discuss the following:

1) Who is president?

2) Why are Native American tribes being pushed west into “Indian Territory”?

3) What law did President Andrew Jackson pass to relocate several Native American tribes?

4) What did the Supreme Court decide in Worchester v. Georgia?

5) How did Andrew Jackson respond to this ruling?

6) Many tribes to were pushed west, which tribe was impacted the most?

7) What are they calling horrible journey into Indian Territory?

8) Describe the conditions during the Trail of Tears.

North South