TO DO

Take out your textbook photocopy and cards

MS. MCMILLANGLOBAL IV

MARCH 20 , 2012

AIM: How was the world changing post-WWI?

Breakup of Austria-Hungary

See how Europe changed after WWI!

Breakup of the Ottoman Empire

Kemal Ataturk

Who: “Father of the Turks”, war hero, nationalist

Where: Turkey (old Ottoman Empire)When: 1919-1920sWhat: Westernized Turkey (clothing,

education, calendar, alphabet), separated religion and government (secularism), made Turkey a republic, gave women rights, industrialized

Why: Wanted Turkey to be free of western rule and the sultan; wanted to be respected by the west (“civilized”), industrialized and modernized

Reza Khan

WHO: Army officer; Shah of IranWHEN: 1925WHERE: IranWHAT: Overthrew the shah and

put himself in power. Built factories, roads and railroads, modernized and westernized, gave women rights.

WHY: Russia and Britain had spheres of influence in Iran, Khan wanted them out.

The Arab World

Mandates in the Arab World

MANDATES

WHO: European powers and the Arab nationsWHERE: Arab worldWHEN: Post-WWIWHAT: Territories controlled by European

powersWHY: European powers do not respect the

sovereignty of Arab nations because they are not “civilized” like the west, or modernized.

PAN-ARABISM

WHO: Arab nationsWHEN: Post-WWIWHERE: Arab worldWHAT: The movement to unite all Arab peopleWHY: To free Arab nations of foreign control

Zionism

The Amritsar Massacre

1. In 1919 there were attacks on British citizens in Amristar, so public meetings were banned.

2. A large group of Indians assembled on April 13, and British troops fired on them without warning.

3. 400 were killed; 1200 wounded4. British rule MUST end!

MOHANDAS GANDHI

WHO: Indian NationalistWHERE: IndiaWHEN: 1920s-1940sWHAT: Taught nonviolence and civil

disobedience; led the Salt March and boycotts on British goods and products; rejected the caste system. Helped India gain independence in 1947 before he was assassinated.

WHY: He wanted to free India of British rule.

CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE

WHO: GandhiWHERE: IndiaWHEN: 1920s-1940sWHAT: Not obeying unjust laws (ie: Gandhi

gathering salt from the sea when Britain had a monopoly on it)

WHY: To fix problems in society or change the laws

HOMEWORK

Study card test tomorrow on #18-2618. Toussaint L'Ouverture19. Simon Bolivar20. Jose de san Martin21. Congress of Vienna22. Prince Clemens von Metternich23. balance of power24. conservatism25. liberalism26. nationalism

Ghandi

1. In the 1920s and 1930s, a leader named Mohandas Gandhi headed the Indian nationalist movement.

2. He taught non-violent resistance and civil disobedience were the way to win rights.

3. Used boycotting, and embraced ideas of democracy and nationalism.

4. Rejected the caste system and urged equal rights for all.

5. India achieved independence in 1947.

INDIAN NATIONALISM

1. 1 million Indians had served the Allies in WWI.

2. During the war, Britain promised India greater self-government.

3. After the war, Britain failed the fulfill these promises.

CHINESE NATIONALISM

1. After WWI, China was in total disorder.

2. Sun Yixian stepped down, so rival warlords fought for power.

3. The economy collapsed, and peasants faced hardships.

4. Foreign powers increased their influence in China.

Sun Yixian

Rival Groups in China

1. Several movements emerged in China.1. MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT

Student movement; wanted to make China stronger through modernization.

Democracy and nationalism.2. COMMUNISTS

Inspired by Marx and Lenin, a Communist party was formed.

3. NATIONALISTS After Sun Yixian’s death, Jiang Jieshi took over the

Guomindang

May Fourth Movement

Protestors at the May Fourth Movement, dissatisfied with Article 156 of the Treaty of Versailles for

China.

Kuomintang

WHO: Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)WHERE: CHINAWHEN: 1925-1950WHAT: A nationalist group supported by

middle class businessmen, who did little for the peasants. Fought the communist party in China during the civil war. They lost.

WHY: Sun Yixian (founder of Chinese Republic) stepped down and people in China fought for power. When Yixian died, Jieshi took over the Kuomintang.

Great Depression

WHO: The USA and the worldWHEN: 1929-1930sWHERE: WorldwideWHAT: US investors pulled money out of

Europe, high tariffs on imported goods; nations that traded with the USA saw their economies collapse. People began questioning capitalism and democracy.

WHY: The American Stock Market crashed and it triggered the depression; global economic collapse

Jiang Jieshi

Civil War

1. At first, Communists and Nationalists worked together to unite China.

2. Jiang Jieshi began to see Communists as a threat.

3. A civil war began between the two groups that would last 22 years!