title slide 1 03060. importance of process comparative cost estimates ventilation and other...
TRANSCRIPT
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Title Slide
103060
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Importance of process Comparative cost estimates Ventilation and other environmental issues
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Design process Tunnel structure Ventilation Lighting Finishes
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Determine number of lanes needed Select tunnel shape Determine depth required Analyze ground characteristics Select tunnel construction method
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Depth
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Hard ground Soft ground Under water
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Tunnel boring machines Road headers Drill and blast
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Cut-and-cover Shields Grouting Ground freezing NATM
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Immersed tube
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Types of tunnel ventilation systems Natural Longitudinal Transverse
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Eisenhower TunnelUSA
Mont-Blanc TunnelSwitzerland
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Symmetrical Line of sight Counter-beam
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CCTV
Radio rebroadcast, cell phone
CO, NOX
Monitor
Wall tile or panel
Pavement
Ceiling Panel
Exhaust air
Supply airSupply air
Lights on ceiling or wall
Emergency walkway and egress system
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Ted Williams TunnelBoston, Massachusetts
LaerdallNorway
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Rank Name LocationLength(miles)
YearComp
Vehicles/Day(x1,000)
Ventilation “Air Cleaning”
Technology
1 Laerdal Norway 15.3 2000 1 Electrostatic precipitators;
NOx filtration; CO-unknown
3 Zhongwanshan China 11.3 2009 Unknown
4 St. Gotthard Road Tunnel
Switzerland 10.5 1980reopened
2001
19 None
5 Arlberg Austria 8.6 1978 None
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2 TBD California,USA
11.5 TBD 110 est. TBD
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Rank Name LocationLength(miles)
YearComp
Vehicles/Day(x1,000)
Ventilation “Air Cleaning”
Technology
6 Hsuehshan China/ Taiwan
8.1 2005 None
7 Frejus France/Italy 8.0 1980 3.3 trucks/day
None
8 Mont-Blanc France/Italy 7.3 1965reopened
2002
2.5 trucks/day
None
Portage Glacier Highway
Alaska, USA
2.5 2000 None
Eisenhower Tunnel
Colorado, USA
1.7 1973/1979
31.1 None
Hanging Lake Colorado, USA
0.7 1992 19.8 None
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Establish a process for reviewing tunnel alternatives
Insist on comparative cost estimates Insist on ventilation solutions as part of
all tunneling evaluations
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Do tunnels cost more than highways and bridges? If so, how much more?
Is there a way to clean the air that comes out of the ventilation building before releasing it into the atmosphere?
Does the air that comes out of the vent building smell? Will I be able to see it coming out (like a smokestack)?
How do the environmental regulators generally regard tunnel projects – positively or negatively?
What do you do with all the dirt and rock that’s excavated from a tunnel project?
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