Tips for preparing research proposal and some advises

Tips for preparing research proposal and some advises

Wen-Feng Hsieh

Department of Photonics &Institute of Electro-Optical EngineeringNational Chiao Tung University2008/10/18

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics Lab in 2008/10/11 2008/10/12NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabIt is only my opinion! Use advises at your own risk! Reviewers may not agree!NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabOutlineHow to prepare an effective proposal Whitesides Group: Writing a paper, Adv. Mater. (2004)What is in Some advisesNCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics Lab:(50%) () NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabHow to prepare an effective proposal Whitesides Group: Writing a paperGeorge M. Whitesides, Adv. Mater. 16(15), 1375 (2004)NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabWhat is a Scientific Paper?A paper is an organized description of hypothesis, data and conclusions, intended to instruct the reader.Papers are a central part of research. A paper is also a structure for planning your research in progress.A good outline for the paper is also a good plan for the research program.

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabWhy writing a paperIf your research does not generate papers, it might just as well have not been done.

Interesting and unpublished is equivalent to non-existent.

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabHow to write a paperWriting a paper starts from organizing the outline It is most efficient to write papers from outlines.An outline is a written plan of the organization of a paper.All writing that I do papers, reports, proposals, and slides for seminars I do from outlines.A good outline will organize the various topics and arguments in logical form.

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabWhats in a paperTitle, authorsAbstractIntroductionSignificance of this workProblem descriptionGoalsSolution & ConclusionMethodResults and DiscussionConclusions/Future WorksReferences

Noun -- the most important conclusion -- the central message Three (or several) central pointsMotivationNCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabWhat is in Executive summary

Significance of this workProblem descriptionGoalsProposed Solution Anticipated resultsCapital funding requestMotivationWithout references1It is plenty!NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics Lab1.2.3.4.5.1.2.3.4.

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics Lab ()

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics Lab-- Introduction --Significance of this work --Problem description -- Goals --Proposed Solution (Capital funding request)21NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics Lab1.2.3.1

* Remember to describe the reasons why you need the proposed capital equipments and budget here if any.NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

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(your commitments) NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabSome advisesKnow what you can handle well to build up good reputation.Open mind to enthusiastically share your results and techniques to colleague Publish papers whatever things have been done. Interesting and unpublished is equivalent to non-existent.Think deeply to make things simple and useful or significant --

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabSize dependent RRS Only enhancing LO modes but not TO modes implies the Frhlich interaction dominates the exciton-phonon coupling, which can be characterized by I2LO/I1LO.Decreasing electron-phonon coupling as decreasing particle sizes that agrees well with the results of PRB 69, 113303 (2004) for nanowires.

APPL. PHYS. LETT. 88, 261909 (2006)NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabReducing exciton-longitudinal-optical phonon interaction with shrinking ZnO quantum dots LO-phonon replicas for:ZnO powders obviousQD-samples unapparent

13 KThe energy shift from 3.377 eV to 3.475 eV is due to quantum confinement effect (QCE)

The intensities of LO-phonon replicas depend strongly on their exciton-phonon coupling strengthsDuke et al., Phys. Rev. 139, 1965 (1965)Hsu WT, et al., APL 91(18), 181913 (2007) NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabZnO quantum dots system Temperature-dependent PL

7.4 nm25 meVOnly one main band exists around all temperaturesBinding energy of D0X is smallIt will be ionized until T > 100K

The only band is FX emissionThe energy difference (13~300K) :QDs (25 meV) < Powders (62 meV)The main contribution to the energy shift is the Frhlich interactionNCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabPower dependent PL of ZnO QDs

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabAcoustic and optical phonon assisted formation of biexcitons

Power dependent PLBxFx

10K80KDispersion of exciton-polariton Lower Te for than for More excitons populate in @ 80K than @ 10K

P2Pn=1n=2n=Eexcitonwave vector kUPBLPBenergyEg15meVAppl. Phys. Lett. 91, 111907 (2007)NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabSome advisesKnow what you can handle well to build up good reputation.Open mind to enthusiastically share your results and techniques to colleague especially senior researchersPublish papers whatever things have been done. Interesting and unpublished is equivalent to non-existent.Think deeply to make things simple and useful or significant

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabIt is only my opinion! Use advises at your own risk! Reviewers may not agree!NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics Lab25Thanks for your attentionNCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabIntegrated emission intensity of biexciton vs. pumping

Iexc0.32 0.53 1.86 80K40K10K Power exponent for biexciton should be close to 2. Observe anomalous temperature dependent power exponents NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabAcoustic and optical phonon assisted formation of biexcitons

Power dependent PLBxFx

10K80KDispersion of exciton-polariton Lower Te for than for More excitons populate in @ 80K than @ 10K

P2Pn=1n=2n=Eexcitonwave vector kUPBLPBenergyEg15meVAppl. Phys. Lett. 91, 111907 (2007)NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabTemperature dependent biexciton formation At low T, the relaxation process involves only emission of acoustic phonons to lower kinetic energy. At high T, optical phonons participate in to efficiently lower exciton kinetic energy, since Te ~ .

Iexc0.32 0.53 1.86 80K40K10KP2Pn=1n=2n=Eexcitonwave vector kUPBLPBenergyEgNCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabZnO quantum dots system Temperature-dependent PL

7.4 nm25 meVOnly one main band exists around all temperaturesBinding energy of D0X is smallIt will be ionized until T > 100K

The only band is FX emissionThe energy difference (13~300K) :QDs (25 meV) < Powders (62 meV)The main contribution to the energy shift is the Frhlich interactionNCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabPower dependent PL of ZnO QDs

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DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabZnO quantum dots system Binding Energy investigation

7.4 nm5.3 nm12 nmPowder67 meV60 meV132 meV87 meV Temperature dependence of the peak intensity of FX emission:

Ea is the activation energy for thermal quenchingZnO crystallite size(Compressing boundary)

electron-hole interaction

Coulomb potential(binding energy, Eb)NCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

DoPIEOLaser Diagnostics LabZnO quantum dots system Exciton-LO phonon coupling strength (a0)

Temperature-dependent exciton energy: LO : LO phonon energy, 72 meVa0 : the weighting of the exciton- LO-phonon interactionZnO crystallite size

coupling strength of exciton-LO phonon

Take only one summation term to disscuss exciton-LO phonon couplingZnO crystallite sizeEbrecall

5.3 nm ; a0 = 0.19 7.4 nm ; a0 = 0.21 12 nm ; a0 = 0.40 powders ; a0 = 0.59Exciton Bohr radius quenchingNCTUWen-Feng Hsieh

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