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Page 1: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Tim Roufs’ section

Page 2: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Primate taxonomic classification

Monkeys

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Page 3: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Primate taxonomic classification

Anthropoids

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Page 4: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Primate taxonomic classification

New WorldMonkeys

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Page 5: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Primate taxonomic classification

Old WorldMonkeys

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Page 6: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Primate taxonomic classification

Apes and

Humans

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Page 7: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Primates -- MonkeysPrimates -- Monkeys

B. ANTHROPOIDS1. Platyrrhines (“flat-nosed”)

a. Ceboidea(New World monkeys)

2. Catarrhines (“down-nosed”)

a. Cercopithecoids(Old World monkeys)

b. Hominoidea(apes and humans)

A. PROSIMII

Page 8: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New and Old WorldMonkeys

Page 9: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New WorldMonkeys

Old WorldMonkeys

ca. 50 mya

Page 10: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

A Primate Family Tree

The Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64

ca. 50 mya

Page 11: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• found only in South and Central America

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 12: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World MonkeysNew World Monkeys

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 128

Page 13: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• found only in South and Central America

• Found in the tropical and temperate climates of “The Old World” and the Far East

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 14: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World MonkeysOld World Monkeys

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 129

Page 15: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 93

Distribution of Nonhuman Primates

Primates are tropical and temperate climate creatures

Page 16: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 94

Vegetation Regions and Nonhuman Primates

Page 17: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• smallest and most divergent group of all anthropoids

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 18: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• some have lost prehensile tail

• tails are shorter and never prehensile

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 19: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World Monkey:

Spider monkey (note prehensile tail)

p. 128

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 129

Page 20: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• flat faces with nostrils separated with wide septum and directed more to the side

• nostrils are much closer together and are directed forward and down

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 21: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

p. 128

p. 129

Page 22: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• arboreal • except for baboon and mandrills the old world monkeys are usually arboreal

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 23: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Skeleton of an arboreal New World monkey

(New World Monkey: Bearded saki)

p. 128

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 121

Page 24: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Skeleton of a terrestrial quadruped

(Old World Monkey: Savanna baboon)

p. 129

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 121

Page 25: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• very reduced thumb

• in some, the thumb is reduced

• but in others it is not

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 26: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: Macaque

p. 129

Page 27: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• usually have thick fur

• hair cover is light

New World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 28: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys

• lead away from main line of evolution

Old World MonkeysNew World Monkeys

Page 29: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World MonkeysNew World Monkeys

New World Monkeys

Page 30: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World Monkey: Black Howler Monkey

The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 47

p. 128

Page 31: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World Monkey: Red Howler Monkey

The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 47

p. 128

Page 32: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World Monkeys:

A pair of golden lion tamarinds

p. 128

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 128

Page 33: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World Monkeys:

Howler monkeys

p. 128

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 128

Page 34: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World Monkey: Woolly MonkeyThe Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 47

p. 128

Page 35: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

New World Monkey: Squirrel Monkey

The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 49

p. 128

Page 36: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World MonkeysOld World Monkeys

Old World Monkeys

Page 37: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 127

Old World Monkeys: Macaques

p. 129

Page 38: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Macaques

p. 129p. 129

Page 39: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Macaques

p. 129

Page 40: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Macaques

p. 129

Page 41: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory?id=5035837

http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory?id=5035837
Page 42: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Longtail macaques

p. 129

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 151

Page 43: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Baboons

p. 129

Page 44: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: Savanna baboon (male)

p. 129

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 130

Page 45: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: Savanna baboon (female)

p. 129

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 130

Page 46: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Baboon troopDeVore (ed.), Primate Behavior, 1965) p. 70

p. 129

Page 47: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: BaboonThe Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 119

p. 129

Page 48: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: Baboon

The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 117

p. 129

Page 49: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Group of savanna baboons

p. 129

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 156

Page 50: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: Adolescent savanna baboons

p. 129

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 149

Page 51: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: Black and White Colobus

The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 54

p. 129

Page 52: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkey: Golden Langur

The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 54

p. 129

Page 53: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: LangursThe Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 100

p. 129

Page 54: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Old World Monkeys: Hanuman langurs

p. 129

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 153

Page 55: Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123

Primate taxonomic classification

Apes Next:

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123


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