Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson Middle SchoolMiddle School

NJ Ask NJ Ask Life Science ReviewLife Science ReviewJust a few reminders to help Just a few reminders to help you to do your best on the NJ you to do your best on the NJ

ASK.ASK.

CellsCells

The Cell Theory-The Cell Theory-

CellsCells

Two Types of Cells:Two Types of Cells:

– Prokaryotic Cells:Prokaryotic Cells: Cells that do not Cells that do not contain a nucleus or organized organelles.contain a nucleus or organized organelles. Example-Example- Bacteria Cells Bacteria Cells

– Eukaryotic-: Eukaryotic-: Cells that contain a nucleus Cells that contain a nucleus and organized (membrane bound) and organized (membrane bound) organelles.organelles. Example: Example: Plant and animal cellsPlant and animal cells

Prokaryotic CellsProkaryotic Cells

No nucleus No nucleus or or organized organized organelles.organelles.

Study jams plant cellsStudy jams plant cells

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Study jams animal cellsStudy jams animal cells

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/animals/studyjams/jams/science/animals/animal-cells.htmanimal-cells.htm

Plant vs. Animal CellsPlant vs. Animal Cells

Classification of Living Classification of Living ThingsThings

King Phillip came over for good spaghetti!

-sapiens-sapiens

- Homo- Homo

-Homidae-Homidae

-primates-primates

-mammalia-mammalia

-chordata-chordata

-animalia-animalia

--eukaryieukaryiaa

Classification of Living Classification of Living ThingsThings

Types of ReproductionTypes of Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction-Asexual Reproduction- Reproduction that does not involve Reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells (sperm & egg). the union of sex cells (sperm & egg).

– One parent produces offspring that are One parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.genetically identical to the parent. Example: BacteriaExample: Bacteria

Asexual ReproductionAsexual Reproduction

The parent cell splits or divides to from a new cell! They are both the same! No genetic variation.

Types of ReproductionTypes of Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction-Sexual Reproduction- Reproduction in which the sex cells Reproduction in which the sex cells (sperm & egg) from two parents (sperm & egg) from two parents unite to produce offspring that share unite to produce offspring that share the traits (characteristics) of both the traits (characteristics) of both parents.parents.– Example: People, animals, plantsExample: People, animals, plants

Sexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction

As a result of sexual reproduction the offspring

share the traits or characteristics of both parents.

Sexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction

Photosynthesis and

Respiration

Study jams photosynthesisStudy jams photosynthesis

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PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

What is the equation for the chemical reaction of photosynthesis?

What is the equation for What is the equation for the chemical reaction of the chemical reaction of

photosynthesis?photosynthesis?

.

Six molecules of carbon dioxide react with six molecules of water to form 1

molecule of glucose and six molecules of oxygen.

What is Cellular What is Cellular Respiration?Respiration?

What is Cellular What is Cellular Respiration?Respiration?

Cellular Respiration-Cellular Respiration- The process The process that cells use oxygen to produce that cells use oxygen to produce energy from food. energy from food.

SUMMARYSUMMARY

Photosynthesis

GeneticsGenetics

A Punnet Square is A Punnet Square is a tool that can be a tool that can be used to show how used to show how traits (genes) will traits (genes) will

be passed on from be passed on from one generation to one generation to

the next.the next.

Big “Y” is dominant over little “y”Big “Y” is dominant over little “y”

Yellow PodYellow Pod Yellow PodYellow Pod

Green podGreen pod Yellow podYellow pod

GeneticsGeneticsGenotype vs. PhenotypeGenotype vs. Phenotype

Genotype-Genotype- The genetic makeup of The genetic makeup of an organism. an organism.

Phenotype-Phenotype- An organism’s An organism’s appearance.appearance.

(What the organism looks like)(What the organism looks like)

GeneticsGenetics

                                             

  Here the relation between genotype and phenotype is illustrated, using a Punnett square, for the character of petal color in pea. The letters B and b represent genes for color and the pictures show the resultant flowers.

DNADNA

DNA-DNA- A double helix molecule that A double helix molecule that carries all the carries all the inheritedinherited characteristics of an organism. characteristics of an organism. – Your genes are found on your DNA.Your genes are found on your DNA.– Half your genes come from your mom, Half your genes come from your mom,

the other half come from your dad. the other half come from your dad.

The Structure of DNAThe Structure of DNA

The letters The letters represent a represent a structure called a structure called a base.base.

A = AdenineA = Adenine

T = ThymineT = Thymine

G = GuanineG = Guanine

C = Cytosine C = Cytosine

““At Goldies At Goldies Class”Class”

MutationsMutations

When DNA is copied incorrectly mutations occur!When DNA is copied incorrectly mutations occur!

Levels of OrganizationLevels of Organization

Organ SystemsOrgan Systems

Nervous System, respiratory system, Nervous System, respiratory system, circulatory system, reproductive circulatory system, reproductive systemsystem

Organ SystemsOrgan Systems

Circulatory Circulatory SystemSystem

Digestive SystemDigestive System

Abiotic vs. BioticAbiotic vs. Biotic

Abiotic-Abiotic- The non-living parts of the The non-living parts of the environment. (rocks, air, water, light, environment. (rocks, air, water, light, temperature)temperature)

Biotic-Biotic- The living factors in the The living factors in the environment, (plants, animals, environment, (plants, animals, bacteria, fungi)bacteria, fungi)

Abiotic vs. BioticAbiotic vs. Biotic