Figure 2 illustrates the signals observed, without averaging, as the phantom was moved dong thc x axis through regions of high proton density and low proton density. The experiment of Fig. 2 demonstrates prominent atbibutes of thc FONAR method as compared to o t k methods k tfiat (a) FONAR is d i c t , and (b) tbc FONAR signal is visible st each location of the scamh~ aperture. These capabilities allow the NMR behavior of tach feeion d the aaakomy to be visualized as the scan proceeds. rather than await a clmputer r0cmt$wtb of tb data, as in the non-fmsing methods. before information can be obtained. Purth~morc, at the completion of the scan the resonance aperture can be directed back to the cmrdinates of a suspicious lmus for more detaikd examination.

Lire hlrrrrm chest. On page 108 appears a sckmatie of a cross-section through the human chest at rhe kvet of the eighth thoracic vertebra. The FONAR image of the l ive human chat at that leva is shown on inside back covet of this journal. The scan viwaliad the heart and rnediastiaim, &ed a left Iw cavity smdier than the right as it should bc, detccted a depression in spin density in the midline across the back that could cormpond to rh loaremi proton density of the vertebral body, and encountered a high sign&-produeiag r q h immediately anterior to the . vertebral body and slightly to the lth side of the thorax, which cormpond3 to the location of the d # c m d i aorta, We estim- the rcsoluth of this image to bc approximately % inch.

Thus we compieted the 0mt c h e w image of the human body, iaitiating a new era in medicine

We wish to thank Bill and JoAnn A k a Clgrka and Elwm Aken, Jamcs Stmarr. and John Rich far tbo human charity that saw this pro#ct through to the finish, Were it not for their contributions, tln wort w w U nor ha* k n campload.

We thak Dr. lod Lutrnan for tba eam@tst pr&#mma that producal tk color video display. The irrtaginp a l g d h a d relared .whtwarc he d t v s l m d l 1 b reportrd sepamthy.

REFERENCES

1 . R. Damadim. U.S. Pamt 3,789.BE?,filed L7 March 1972. 2. W. S. Hinrhaw. "Image formation by nudeat magnetic rmwnce: Tho wnsilivs point

method." I . Applied Physic$, 47, 3709 ! 1976). 3 . P. Mansfreld and A. A. .Maudsky. "Medical imaging by NMR." Brit. I . Rudidopy. SO, 108

f 1977). 4. A. Kumar, D. Wclrt and R. R, Emt. "NMR Fourier ~eufmatography," I . Magnttic Rrs-

uaancc, 18.69 (1975). 5. R. Damadian, L. Mink&, M. Goldsmith, M. Stenlord and J. Kouleher, "Field fdcudiap

nuclear m w t i c resonance (FQNAR): Vhalizatimt af a tumar in a live animal," Science. 194, 1430 (1976).

mg

Rectangle

tho& -bra, @) FONAR cwwecthn of tk live humaa c b t at tbid led. Protondgnal intensity irr coded, with bh& adgrwd to zero signal amplinadq whtte -d to d str0qgM inkmi* and i n t e e b c my mka wiped fo Inter- m a t t inhnsih. Top of image i s - M o t brpnndaqr QF C b l d, Lah am is Icft $&e of ~ h & . P r d m g fmm anterior to posterior dang midlinc, the principal s h c t u n is the htart wn cncrortcbing w tha IsR Img field ( b b k tavity). Laft lung fdd is diminishd in sku iehbiw to light hmg (bhk cauity to right or midlint), # it should be [tree tan. Mort @&orb and diwy I& of midfiat is a dliptial s W t w -ag to the descending aorta. In the body wa4 b q h i o g at Ihc aenrum (mw- rior midlim} and pmced8g around the t-, aUernatioa of high fntemity (while) with htmmadinta h t c d t y m) could mrra- $pond to albmtion of lamortat m u s k (high iatadg) with rib (low intmsky) ahown in (a). The iw in a black-and-white photo of k orighd i k l o r display

is visisble at each location af the scanning aperture. Thuse capabilities permit the NMR behavior of each region oP the anatomy to be visualized as the scan proceeds, rather thm await a computer recunstrw-

tion d the data, as in am-focusing methods, before information aan be obtained. Furthermore, at the completion of the scan the resonance aperture ma be directed back to the coordinates of a suspiEious IQGW for m m detailed examination. F i l c is the completed immlp of the phantom obtained in 30 min and displayed on a 256 x 256 gixcl m y . Figure 2 b L a cross-wctiond FONAR image of the five human c b t at the level of the eighth thoracic vertebra. The mn, which took 4.5 h to complete, visualized the heart and mediastinurn, outlined a loft- lung cavity smaller tbn the right as it should be at this kvd, detected a depression In spin density in the midline across the bwk that could comspond to the 1 Q d proton h i t y of the vertebral body, and encountered a high signal-producing region im- mediately anterior to the vcrtubrd body and slightly to the left side of the thorax, which corresponds to - the lacation of th descending aorta. We esthub the rtsolution of this image to toe approximately 6.3 mm. -

In laborntory animals a tumor that ww surgically implanted in the anterior thorax has been~swcadully imaged with the FONAR method PI. In hufnam, however, the largest ritructure it h a so far been mi- M e to image by NMR has been the f m r 141. We believe that the ucurnpliduxmt of the first whole- body &&I image of a five: kuman is not in- conaistcnt with the concept that whole-My NMR scanning will be useful in medicine.

1. Dmrtdi 8.: S r k m 171, 1151 (1971) 2 Damadian, R.: US. Patent 9,789,832, filed 17 March 1972 3. Aimha*, W.8.: I. Appl. Phy. 47, 3709 (1976) 4. WsIield, P.. Maudsley, A.A. : Mi. J . Rudiol, 50, 1 1 (ten) 5. K W , A., We16 D.. E m RR: J. Map, b 18, 69 (1975) 6. Be& GJ., et al.: C.W. Hebd Btancss Acsd Sci. Ser. B 2tN (Q,

141 il977) 7. Bt& E. H a m . W.W.. W a r & M.: Phys. Rw. 70, 474

(1946); Purcdl, EM., Torrey, H.C., P d , R.V.: ibid. d9, 37 (19461

8. Rmbrrdian. R,et al.: Scitna 1PI, 1430 (1976) 9. ~~ R.: Hap frat: 12, 63 (19f7)