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Flying in Special Use AirspaceFlying around Washington D.C.Flying in Presidential TFR’s.Lost ProceduresIntercept Procedures

Disclaimer

The information contained in this presentation will become obsolete.

Information in this presentation may be wrong.Your presenter, while well meaning, may be

completely out to lunch, if not a complete idiot.The use of deadly force has been authorized.

Get a briefing before EVERY flight!!!1-800-WX-BRIEF

Topics to Cover

Flying Around Washington D.C.Flying in Presidential TFR’sLost Procedures Intercept Procedures

An electronic copy of this presentation will be available at:• http://presentations.ScaryLittleAirplanes.org

An electronic copy of this presentation will be available at:• http://presentations.ScaryLittleAirplanes.org

Washington D.C. AirspaceFlying into the ADIZDeparting from the ADIZPattern Work in the ADIZVisual Warning SystemOther ADIZ Information

The Washington D.C. Area

Parts of Special D.C. Airspace

Flight Restricted Zone Also called the “Special Flight Rules Area”. Generally speaking, you may not operate within the

Flight Restricted Zone.

Air Defense Identification Zone Generally, operations in the ADIZ are subject to the

following conditions:• An NAS flight plan must be filed on the ground.• The flight plan must be activated (with ATC).• You must be squawking an a discrete transponder code.

There are exceptions to the above.

ADIZ Entry Requirement #1Flight Plans

Prior to operating an aircraft in the DC ADIZ, pilots must:

File their flight plan with an AFSS. Activate their flight plan prior to departure or

entering the DC ADIZ. Close their flight plan upon landing or leaving

the DC ADIZ.

ADIZ Entry Requirement #2Communications with ATC

Your aircraft must be equipped with an operable two-way radio capable of communicating with ATC on appropriate radio frequencies.

The flight crew must establish two-way radio communications with the appropriate ATC facility before operating in this ADIZ and the flight crew must maintain the capability of continuing two-way radio communications with the appropriate ATC facility while operating in this ADIZ. Aircraft operating in an airport traffic pattern at non-towered

airports are exempt from the ATC communication requirements, provided they monitor the airport CTAF.

ADIZ Entry Requirement #3Transponders

The aircraft is equipped with an operating transponder with automatic altitude reporting capability as specified in 14 CFR section 91.215.

Prior to operating the aircraft in the ADIZ, the flight crew obtains a discrete transponder code from ATC.

The Aircraft’s transponder continuously transmits the ATC issued discrete transponder code while the aircraft is operating in this ADIZ.

ADIZ Entry Requirement #4Airspace

Class B Get a normal clearance in

addition to ADIZ procedures.

Class D Establish two-way radio

communications, as normal, in addition to ADIZ procedures.

Restricted Airspace Stay out.

Prohibited Airspace Stay out.

Flight Restricted Zone Stay out.

The flight crew, prior to operating within Class B, C or D airspace that is within the ADIZ must receive a separate ATC clearance to enter the Class B, C or D airspace.

Flying VFR into the ADIZ

File an NAS Flight Plan Specify that you are penetrating the

Washington D.C. ADIZ. File the route that you intend to fly.

Prior to entering the ADIZ: Contact Potomac Approach and

request a “discrete transponder code for ADIZ penetration.

Squawk the appropriate code, and listen for “RADAR Contact”.

Continue squawking the code until you are on the ground or clear of the ADIZ.

Close your flight plan with FSS.

“Potomac Approach, this is Warrior 8321H, ten miles southwest of Lancaster VOR level 2,000 feet, with an ADIZ flight plan on file for Gaithersburg. Request discrete transponder code for ADIZ penetration.”

“Potomac Approach, this is Warrior 8321H, ten miles southwest of Lancaster VOR level 2,000 feet, with an ADIZ flight plan on file for Gaithersburg. Request discrete transponder code for ADIZ penetration.”

Landing or Transitioning?

Landing in the ADIZ? You will be “handed off” to CTAF or tower when near

the destination airport. Continue squawking your code until you are on the

ground. Close your flight plan with the correct FSS!!!

Transitioning the ADIZ? You will be advised when you are clear of the ADIZ. Don’t forget to close your flight plan with the correct

FSS!!!

Departing VFR from within the ADIZ

File an NAS Flight Plan Specify that you are penetrating the Washington D.C. ADIZ. File the route that you intend to fly.

Activate the NAS Flight Plan through: Clearance Delivery, or Flight Services RCO, or 1-800-WX-BRIEF

While departing: Set your transponder code, and put the transponder in “ALT”

mode. From a Towered Airport, talk to tower until handed off to

Potomac Approach. From a non-towered airport, talk to CTAF and change to

approach as soon as possible. Close your flight plan with FSS when appropriate.

Fringe Airports

There are special departure rules for the following “fringe” airports: Airlie Albrecht Harris Martin Martin State Meadows Mylander Stewart St. John Tilghman Whipp Upperville Wolf

Departure Checklist No flight plan required. Squawk 1205. Use CTAF to announce

your departure. Monitor Potomac

Approach. Exit the ADIZ by the most

direct route possible while:• Adhering to the pattern.

• Following any noise-abatement procedures.

These procedures are for departures only and are subject to change. Check NOTAM’s.

These procedures are for departures only and are subject to change. Check NOTAM’s.

Bay Bridge and KentmoreThe Carve Out

3NM

5NM

Route 50

Bay Bridge

Kentmore

Bay Bridge and KentmoreLanding and Departing East-bound Runways

Bay Bridge

Kentmore

Squawk 1227

Squawk 1233

Bay Bridge and KentmoreLanding and Departing West-bound Runways

Bay Bridge

Kentmore

Squawk 1227

Squawk 1233

Bay Bridge and KentmoreOperations Checklist

Bay Bridge Airport You do not need a flight

plan. Remain below the floor of

the Class B airspace. Fly the published routes. Use CTAF normally. Stay inside the carve out. Squawk 1227.

Kentmore Airport You do not need a flight

plan. Remain below the floor of

the Class B airspace. Fly the published routes. Use CTAF normally. Stay inside the carve out. Squawk 1233.

Local Pattern WorkTowered & Non-Towered Airports

Pattern work at Towered Airports No flight plan required. Squawk 1234.

Pattern work at non-Towered Airports File a Flight Plan. Squawk the assigned

discrete beacon code. Use CTAF as you

normally would. Close your flight plan

when done.

You do not need to talk to Potomac Approach, but DO NOT leave the pattern!!!

You do not need to talk to Potomac Approach, but DO NOT leave the pattern!!!

The Visual Warning System

What is it? The Visual Warning System is a series of Laser's

stationed around the National Capital Region. They are used to alert aircraft that are violating the

ADIZ. They will NOT damage a persons eyes.

How it works. The beam is aimed at the penetrating aircraft. If you see the beam, you are probably being

targeted.

RED RED GREEN

The Visual Warning System What if I’m illuminated?

If you’re talking to ATC: Tell ATC that you are

being illuminated. Follow instructions.

If you are not talking to ATC: Turn away from the center

of the ADIZ. Tune to 121.5Mhz. Talk to ATC and request

instructions.

Even if you comply, you will probably be intercepted by the military, and face certificate action.

Even if you comply, you will probably be intercepted by the military, and face certificate action.

For Instrument Pilots

How it works: File and obtain your clearance normally. You must get your clearance on the ground.

• You may not pick up your clearance in the air.

Who is responsible? ATC has been known to vector or clear IFR aircraft

into security airspace. ATC has been known to issue approach clearances

that violate airspace. At least one aircraft with failing equipment has

almost been shot down (Gov. Fletcher).

Emergency Procedures

What if my transponder fails? Leave the ADIZ by the most direct route (airspace

permitting).

What if I lose Comm? Squawk 7600. Fly your filed route. Don’t be alarmed if you have an escort. If you think you are being intercepted…

Presidential TFR’sWhat does a TFR look like?Where can I operate?How do I activate my flight plan?

A “Typical” Presidential TFR

Inner Zone20NM

Outer Zone60NM

Surface

FL 180

Where can I Operate?

Inner Zone Generally speaking, you may not

operate within the inner zone.

Outer Zone Operations in the outer zone are

subject to several conditions.• You must be on an IFR or VFR

flight plan.

• You must be in radio communications with ATC.

• You must be squawking a discrete transponder code.

• You must be conducting an approved operation.

NOTE:This procedure seems to change, on occasion. Consult NOTAM’s and always get a briefing.

NOTE:This procedure seems to change, on occasion. Consult NOTAM’s and always get a briefing.

How do I enter the TFR?

Airborne: File a Flight Plan. Contact ATC prior to entry. ATC may pass you off to

the controlling facility. Squawk your discrete

code. Ensure you are RADAR

identified before penetrating the outer area.

Squawk your code until clear of the TFR or all the way to the ground.

Close your flight plan!!!

On the Ground: File a Flight Plan. Call Clearance Delivery, if

available. Call Flight Services if CD

is not available.• Use an RCO if available.• Use the phone if you

must (call 1-866-295-3835).

Squawk your discrete code before takeoff.

Squawk your code until clear of the TFR or all the way to the ground.

Close your flight plan!!!

For Instrument Pilots

How it works: File and obtain your clearance normally. You must get your clearance on the ground.

• You may not pick up your clearance in the air.

Who is responsible? ATC has been known to vector or clear IFR aircraft

into security airspace. ATC has been known to issue approach clearances

that violate airspace. At least one aircraft with failing equipment has

almost been shot down (Gov. Fletcher).

Emergency Procedures

What if my transponder fails? Leave the TFR by the most direct route (airspace

permitting).

What if I lose Comm? Squawk 7600. Fly your filed route. Don’t be alarmed if you have an escort. If you think you are being intercepted…

NOTE:These procedures are not well defined.

NOTE:These procedures are not well defined.

Lost Procedures

How do you keep from getting lost?How do you know when you’re lost?What to do when you’re lost?

How do you keep from getting lost?

Flight Plan Calculate a Dead Reckoning route, and follow it. Use Pilotage to support Dead Reckoning.

Equipment If your airplane is GPS equipped, use it. If your airplane is VOR equipped, fly VOR to VOR. Always have a redundant plan.

Use Services A briefing will tell you if facilities are out of service. ATC will probably tell you if you’re “heading off into

the puckies”.

How do you know when you’re lost?

Pilotage and Dead Reckoning Do you see what you expected to see? Is your heading what you expected it to be? Be cynical.

Equipment How do you know your GPS works? Identify your VOR’s, and use the indicators.

Air Traffic Control Use RADAR services when available.

What to do when you’re lost?

Climb High altitude improves visibility and radio reception.

Conserve Save gas.

Communicate Find somebody who can help you

• Center, Approach, FSS or 121.5

Confess Admit to ATC that you are lost, and ask for their

help.Cooperate

Relax and (when safe) do as you’re told.

Intercept Procedures

How do you know when you’ve been intercepted?What are your immediate actions?How to communicate?Visual communications.

Have I been intercepted?

What types of aircraft are used for intercepts? Military

• Fighter Jets• Helicopters

Law Enforcement• Business Jets

Signs of Intercept Official aircraft operating in your vicinity. Aircraft flying in formation with you. Aircraft dispensing flares.

Intercept: Immediate Actions

If you think you’ve been intercepted: Follow instruction from Intercepting Aircraft

• Instructions from Interceptor overrule instructions from ATC.

Notify ATC. Establish Communications with the aircraft:

• Try “Guard” first. (121.5 or 243.0)• Ask ATC for help if needed.

Squawk 7700 If you are intercepted by a jet, and you’re flying a

slow airplane, use best forward speed.

Communications Methods

Four ways to communicate with the Interceptor. Establish direct communications on guard.

• 121.5 or 243.0.

Use ATC as an intermediary. Hand Signs

• Consider carrying paper and markers.

Visual Communications

Visual Communications

What does it mean when: The intercepting aircraft rocks it’s wings from a

position slightly above and ahead of, and normally to the left of, the intercepted aircraft?

You have been intercepted. Follow Me.

How do you respond? Rock your wings to acknowledge. Follow the interceptor to a new course.

Visual Communications

What does it mean when: The intercepting aircraft abruptly executes a break-

away maneuver from the intercepted aircraft consisting of a climbing turn of 90 degrees or more without crossing the line of flight of the intercepted aircraft.

Intercept over – You may proceed.

How do you respond? Rock your wings to acknowledge. Continue on your way.

Visual Communications

What does it mean when: Circles an airport, lowering landing gear and

overflying runway in direction of landing or, if the intercepted aircraft is a helicopter, overflying the helicopter landing area

Land here.

How do you respond? Lower you landing gear. Turn on your landing light. Overfly the runway. If the runway is safe, land.

Visual Communications

What if you can’t land there?: Raise your landing gear (if fitted). Flash landing lights while passing over the landing

surface at a height:• If a helicopter, at a height exceeding 50m (170 ft) but not

exceeding 100m (330 ft) above the airport.• Otherwise, exceeding 300m (1,000 ft) but not exceeding

600m (2,000 ft) above the airport. Continue to circle the landing surface. If unable to flash landing lights, flash any other lights

available.

Visual Communications

What if I can’t comply? Flash all lights in a REGULAR pattern.

What if I’m in distress? Flash all lights in an IRREGULAR pattern.

Thank You