INDEX

1. ANDROID L

2. GRIDBOTS

3. THE BIG BLUE

4. PLAY STATION

5. GRAPHENE CHIP

ANDROID L “Keep improvising and bring out the One of the major companies, HTC next upgraded version”, is certainly has already announced its connec- the working mantra for the Android tion with Android L- folks. “HTC is excited about the new The last Android version-KITKAT features in Android L and we can’t has been upgraded by Android L, wait to share them with our cus- with a raft of new changes with tomers. We are committed to up- Sundar Pichai. dating our flagship HTC One fami- It’s going to have a radical new de- ly as fast as possible. sign, 5000 new APIs, will be avail- “We will begin rolling out updates able for developer previews soon, to the HTC One (M8) and HTC and it’s going beyond the mobile One (M7)in regions worldwide form factor. Android L will be con- within 90 days of receiving final textually aware of its surrounding, software from Google, followed plus voice is going to me a major shortly thereafter by other One input source. family members and select devic-

es.” SO WHEN DO WE GET AN- This means the final version, so

expect yourM8 and M7 upgraded with Android L around the month of December.

DROID L??

For developers with a NEXUS 5 or NEXUS 7, this new version has already made itself available from June 26, 2014. But for the rest of the world, it is yet a few months away. Soon we will find out whether this new version isAndroid 5 orAndroid 4.5. And of course, the dessert name that would be assigned to it.

WHATS NEW??

The striking feature of this new version is the way it makes every animation, every ripple and every shadow look real, in spite of being flat. It’s meant look book flat as

WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM as well as 3D.

ANDROID L

Besides, the notifications will • flow on the top.

•The version is more intuitive, as it has more shadow gradients,3D tiles • The notification will prioritise that slide over one another and most itself as you work with the phone, importantly: access for developers notifying you only about the apps to use this for themselves on their which you use more compared to apps. others.

•It brings about the smoothness of • You can have a pop-up at the the flow as it supports communica- top if you get a call asking you tion of the apps among. So there is whether to receive it or not, while no “teleportation of apps”. you’re playing games. So is the case

with messages. •Roboto font has been updates to make every device from watch to These modification in the notifica- T.V. look the same tion lead to a less intrusive at the

wrong times. •The home, back and multitasking buttons have too undergone refine- 2) INTERLOCKING APPS ment. Combining all the features, it results As mentioned above, the apps com- in a cleaner more intuitive-looking municate with each other.Idea goes version of Google’s mobile plat- much deeper than that though - form. Chrome browsing has an API that

other apps can take advantage of,

OTHER NEW FEATURES: so if you click a link to book a ta- ble in the browser you’ll be taken to something like OpenTable directly,

AND rather than the mobile site.

1) NOTIFICATIONS LOCK SCREEN

3) QUICK,COOL AND EFFI- Android L has renovated the

CIENT • notifications panel which is now merged with the lock screen. So you can also know what’s going on Of course, the android made sure

that the new version makes its vi- WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

ANDROID L

sion makes its visual impact, a lot Google NEXUS 5 released Android of background work has been done 4.4.While we are waiting for the by the Google to make sure that this big-screen tablet to run with the up- Android L is still fast and furious date, Nexus 10 doesn’t seem to be and efficient. round the corner just yet. ART, which was an optional run- time in Kit KAT has been standard There are also rumours about Nex- in Android L. us-8 which might get launched with ART is runs twice as fast as Dalvik Android 4.5, so chances are that this runtime which was found in the pre- might be the device with which An- vious Androids. droid Lollipop might make its grand

entry with. 4) BATTERY LIFE?

Project Volta is Google’s new way to show how and because of what rea- sons the phone batteries are drained. Using this, the Android L batteries are becoming more efficient. Not much in specific could be said now, but things will turn out to look more efficient. It has a power saver mode by default which can save battery upto 90%. Android Lcould do wonders for bat- tery life. ArsTechnica put the new OS version to the test and found that a Nexus 5 running Android L had around 36% more battery life than one on Android 4.4 Kit Kat.

This image of Android L (4.5 or 5) shows that we may get split screen apps, which will prove to be a use- ful feature especially on large screen devices.

The functionality has already been used by Samsung, LG and Sony. But if Android puts this into use, then all devices can use it too.

WHO IS THE FIRST ONE??

The first of the devices that will run ANDROID 5 will be either NEXUS phone or the tablet. WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

ANDROID L

This is a screenshot showing new icons apparently for the Android L. So let’s just hold our hearts containing the enthusiasm and expecta- tions with the Android L and get ourselves prepared for welcoming this amazingly new upgrade by the GOOGLE….

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GRIDBOTS 10 cities of India. First of all I would really like to

seed. A frequent and continuous care introduce our readers to the things

Each tree we see, at a point, was a

has been taken to make them a plant and eventually – obviously the tree. they do.

Even the HUGE Kabir-Vad at Shuk- Gridbots’ main practice is to make

latirth, Narmada was once only a ROBOTS for DEFENCE, NUCLE- seed. AR and DEFENCE AGENCIES Don’t worry, I won’t going to write and also in the consumer segments. about the Botany. During an inter- view, Dr. Lawrence ‘Larry’ Page, the CEO of Google Inc. said, “When I was 12, I knew that I was going to

NUCLEAR ROBOTICS

start a company”. You shall not even worry at this stage, because I am also not going to write about Larry. The bunch of information is available on Wikipedia and Google itself.

These robots are especially built for the nuclear field works. This includes Nuclear Thermal Pow- er Plants. There are many places, where direct human-contacts are either impossible or harmful. Any kind of radiation contact results in severe disease. Thus robots are the ONLY solution.

This article is about the company which was started as a seed in a per- son’s mind and was watered and giv- en fertilizers frequently in the form of HARDWORK. It is an INDIAN com- pany in the field of Robotics, which is a pride for us. Another pride for us is that it is in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The name is GridBots Technologies Private Limited, founded in August, 2007 by Mr. Pulkit Gaur. At present stage, they have a strong presence in

1. Gamma Rad –I

Gamma Rad – I is a robot, built to perform UNDERWATER opera- tions. It is controlled remotely to perform the operations underwater, which carry nuclear particles. The Heavy Water (D2O) is used as the

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GRIDBOTS

moderator which is in direct contact with Fuel Rod and Control Rods. The operations in the reservoirs of D2O can be done easily without harm.

This robot is also useful in the SPACE ROBOTICS.

SPECIFICATIONS: Model NaMe : GaMMa Rad 1 SySteM WeiGht: 250 KG

diMeNSioNS : 1300x700x300 MM[lxBxh] oN-BoaRd acceSSoRieS : SludGe cleaNeR aNd FilteR attachMeNtS

Payload : 150 KG

dRive SySteM : diFFeReNtial tRacKS BaSed

actuatoRS : tWo - couNteR RotatiNG BRuSheS iN FRoNt aNd BacK

viSioN SySteM : 2 RealtiMe ccd SeNSoRS oN BoaRd

aNti-colliSioN SySteM : BouNce SeNSoRS

autoNoMouS oPeRatioN: PRoGRaMMaBle

teMPeRatuRe : 0-75 deGRee ceNtiGRade

SuPPlied caBle leNGth : 50 MeteRS

PoWeR : SiNGle PhaSe - 5 Kva - 230 v a.c.

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GRIDBOTS

2.Nu Dozer

Nu Dozer is mainly a Bulldozer designed to perform underwater opera- tions. It has motorizedshovel which can push and pull the debris and can collect them at a point from where it can be lifted or collected by bigger robots. The main advantage, I guess, in this machine is the CATERPILLERS provided. This is the mechanism you have seen in the battle-tanks’ so- called “TYRES”! It has improved grip as the contact area is increased and moves very effectively in the mud of about 1 foot depth.

Model NaMe : Nu doZeR SySteM WeiGht : 25 KG

diMeNSioNS : 1000x150x300 MM[lxBxh] oN-BoaRd acceSSoRieS : oN BoaRd - MotoRiSed Shovel

Payload : 75 KG

dRive SySteM : diFFeReNtial tRacKS BaSed

actuatoRS : MotoRiSed 2 doF Shovel

viSioN SySteM : oPtioNal

aNti-colliSioN SySteM : BouNce SeNSoRS

autoNoMouS oPeRatioN : PRoGRaMMaBle

teMPeRatuRe : 0-75 deGRee ceNtiGRade

SuPPlied caBle leNGth : 50 MeteRS

PoWeR : SiNGle PhaSe - 1 Kva - 230 v a.c.

3.Rad Cam

Rad Cam is the acronym of the RADiation CAMera.It can measure radia- tions up to 10,000 rads. Suitable for both underwater and on-surface pur- poses, this robot takes measurements maintaining a good distance from the object. Hence providing increased protection against radiation.

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GRIDBOTS

SPECIFICATIONS: Model NaMe : Rad caM SySteM WeiGht

diMeNSioNS

ReSolutioN

: 3 KG

: 300x100x100 MM[lxBxh] : 520 tv liNeS

MiNiMuM illuMiNatioN : 1 lux

PoWeR : 20 v d.c. - 1 aMPS

SeNSoR SySteM : cMoS teMPeRatuRe : 0-75 deGRee ceNtiGRade

SuPPlied caBle leNGth :50 MeteRS

INDUSTRIAL ROBOTICS 1. Robotic Manipulators X-axis Articulated Manipulators It contains varieties of models.Basic function is obviously the same: It is a simple machine tool, provided with total X different movements (re- ferred to as X degrees of freedom or DOF). It is used to perform different tasks, according to the requirement. The principle benefit is the possible AUTOMATION, I guess.

The Gridbots provides: 4 – 5 – and 6 axis manipulators. Different models are: 500, 1000 and 2000gm in 4- and 5-axis. While 250, 500 and 1000gm in 6-axis manipulator. This categories has been given ACCORDING TO THE PAYLOAD. General data is same. Except the DoF’s and Payload.

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GRIDBOTS

Model NuMBeR : MaNiP-aR4-yyyy coNFiGuRatioN: aRticulated

Reach

axeS

: 650 MM

: x Payload : y GMS

RePeataBility : 0.1 MM

dRive : d.c. SeRvo

WeiGht : 10 KG

MouNtiNG : FlooR/hoRiZoNtal

dRive SySteM : GB 100 – coNtRolleR

teMPeRatuRe : 0-45 deGRee ceNtiGRade

huMidity : 20-75% PoWeR : SiNGle PhaSe - 0.25 Kva - 230 v a.c.

Except all these, the Gridbots have a great contribution in the Consumer Robotics also.Due to the contribution and the dedications in the company by the founder, they are now one of the largest suppliers of the leading companies in India in robotics.

theiR PRiMe coNSuMeRS aRe eNliSted BeloW:

1. BaRc- BhaRat atoMic ReSeaRch ceNtRe

2. PRl- PhySical ReSeaRch laBoRatoRy

3. iSRo- iNdiaN SPace ReSeaRch oRGaNiZatioN

4. NtPc- NatioNal theRMal PoWeR coRPoRatioN

5. Nid- NatioNal iNStitute oF deSiGNiNG

6. iNdiaN Navy

7. oNGc- oil aNd NatuRal GaS coRPoRatioN

8. GujaRat ScieNce city

9. Mha- MiNiStRy oF hoMe aFFaiRS

10. GujaRat Police

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GRIDBOTS

ABOUT THE FOUNDER Mr. Pulkit Gaur is the founder of the Gridbots. Robotics is his passion. He has a degree in Industrial Engineering. He is building robots since his childhood, written his own OS, image recognition system and speech recognition system.

Mr. Pulkit used to break toys like others his age. But then he would try to put them back together. “This was the toughest part. However carefully I tried to repair them, they were never the same. This made me experi- ment,” says Gaur, who made a microphone out of a pencil-cell when he was about 10.When he was in class VII, he made a transmitter with a range of about 5km in his one-room lab at home in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The circuit design got published in an electronics magazine and he re- ceived about 2,000 fan mails.

He has received TED Fellowship - MIT Young Innovator Award and Ra- jiv Motwani Circle Fellowship apart from various other national and in- ternational awards under his belt.Pulkit Gaur has also started a company, Edubotix Innovation Labs, to educate college students in robotics. He received awards in software and hardware from prestigious IIT-Bom- bay Techfest in 2002, 2003 and 2004. He has also designed and devel- oped an artificial vision system for the visually impaired and a program- mable hybrid three-wheeler. The main inspiration for him is our favorite IRON MAN and he has a

other members VIJAITA The CEO of the company, is an IT engineer. She heads the software di- vision of the company Main Achievement: Development of automatic picture and video un- derstanding technology which got awarded by Lockheed martin - India Innovation growth program.

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GRIDBOTS

GOVIND He is the head of the Manufacturing Division in the Gridbots. And has extreme capabilities in manufacturing.

SHUBHASH CHANDRA He has the degree in Computer Engineering. He has achieved the great understanding in the analysis of the clients’ requirement, which is the power of the sales operations for Gridbots. He currently, is on the position of Head of Operations.

So a seed has become the tree and still growing. A great congratulations and all the best to all of them. -VYOM PATHAK

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THE BIG BLUE

THE BIG BLUE Who hosts more than 30% of the top websites than anyone in the world? Whose cloud powers 27000 more websites than Amazon?? And the an- swer is IBM cloud. Ok, lets go straight to the point here I am not going to write about IBM cloud. This is just an example of the company which completes its 100 years on 2011 and still giving their services as its best.

Company’s roots are 100 years old. Let’s go back to 1911, The company was founded in 1911 as the Computing Tabulating Recording Company (CTR) through a merger of three companies:

•The Tabulating Machine Company •The International Time Recording Company and •The Computing Scale Company

CTR adopted the name International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924, using a name previously designated to CTR’s subsidiary in Canada and later in South America. Securities analysts gave the nickname to IBM as Big Blue.

There were many theories about IBM’s nick name BIG BLUE:

1st theory suggests that Big Blue refers the logo of IBM. A second theory suggests that Big Blue refers to a former company dress code that required many IBM employees to wear only white shirts and many wore blue suits. In any event, IBM keyboards, typewriters, and some other man- ufactured devices have played on the “Big Blue” concept, using the colour for enter keys and carriage returns. IBM has also used blue logos since 1947. The another theory suggest that this nickname IBM Big Blue is rec- ognized because of its common use of blue in products, packaging, etc.

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THE BIG BLUE

THE GLOBAL LOGO

CURRENT 8-BAR LOGO USED SCINCE 1972

The company used the globe logo until 1947. The current 8-bar logo of IBM was designed by Paul Rand in 1972. It was a general replacement for a 13-bar logo that first appeared in public on the 1966 release of the TSS/360. The company wrote the IBM initials using individual atoms in 1990, as a demonstration of using a scanning tunnelling microscope to move atoms!

Fortune ranked (In 2012) IBM as 2nd no. for Largest U.S. firm in terms of number of employees 435,000 worldwide, approximately 100,000 in the U.S, the No. 4 largest in terms of market capitalization, the most profitable at 9th position. No. 1 Company for leaders, No. 5 most admired company, News Week ranked IBM at 1st no. Green compa- ny worldwide, No. 2 best global brand (Interbrand), Barron’s ranked IBM at 2nd position of most respected company.

Working at IBM is the best experience for its employees ever. Thomas J Watson sr. understood the importance of employees better. He created employees’ sports team. IBM was the first corporations to provide group

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THE BIG BLUE

life insurance, survivor benefits and paid vacations. In 1932 IBM creat- ed an Education Department to oversee training for employees. In 1952, Thomas J. Watson, Jr., published the company’s first written equal oppor- tunity policy letter, one year before the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown vs. Board of Education and 11 years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In 1961, IBM’s non-discrimination policy was expanded to in- clude sex, national origin, and age.

IBM’s TIME LINE: IBM company live constant 60 Golden years as world leader, Mainframe

company of business market. Charles Flint, C.E.O of Computing Tabu- lating Recording (CTR) turned for the help to Thomas J Watson, Sr.(the former no 2 executive at National cash register). CTR was incorporated on June 16, 1911 in Endicott, New York, U.S.A. Watson become General Manager of CTR in 1914 and after a year he become the president of CTR. Thomson give the mantra ‘THINK’ to company. Even IBM’s magazine named as THINK.

IBM made clocks and other time recording products for 70 years. In 1958 sale of the IBM Time Equipment Division to Simplex Time Recorder Company, IBM manufactured and sold such equipment as dial recorders, job recorders, recording door locks, time stamps and traffic recorders. In 1920, the company produce the first complete school time control system, and launched its first printing tabulator. The company introduced the first electric keypunch in 1923.IBM introduced the 80-column Punched card in 1928, which doubled its information capacity. It was also known as ‘IBM Card’.

In 1930 IBM met with unpredicted economical challenge. That time Wat- son, Sr. handled the situation. He hired new employees instead of reduced staff. His idea of hiring new staff got succeed. The role of IBM at the time of World War II was complex. IBM helped America financially and helped about Atomic Bomb. And the other side Nazi made extensive use of sub- sidiary, Which IBM gave Germany. Edwin Black author of the book ‘IBM and the Holocaust’claimed about the deal of IBM with Adolf Hitler during WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

THE BIG BLUE

olf Hitler during 1930s and the years of World War II. In this book Black gives information about the way in which IBM’s technology helped facil- itate Nazi through generation and tabulation of punch cards.

Thomas J Watson, Jr., foresaw the role computers would play in business, and in less than twenty years he led IBM’s transformation from a medi- um-sized maker of tabulating equipment and typewriters into a corporate giant that was the world’s leading computer company. IBM produced ap- proximately 70% of all computers in 1964. Watson, Jr. was like his father for IBM as CEO. He handled IBM greatly. This way IBM lived golden year’s 1914-Joining of Watson, Sr. to 1971- the time of Watson, Jr. retired.

After 1971 IBM saw it’s up and down in the market.1990-2002 was IBM’s down side.And then 2002 was the re-birth of IBM for its innovation (IBM’s headquarters complex is located in Armonk, Town of North Castle, New York, United States The 283,000-square-foot (26,300 m2) IBM building has three levels of custom curtain wall). Steve jobs said that Apple is doing innovative things. It is not like IBM. But, the fact is as of 2013, IBM has held the record for most Patent gener- ated by a company for 20 consecutive years. IBM has 12 research laborato- ries Worldwide, Including India.

Standing in front of ATM Machine I’ve never thought that this is the IBM’s in- novation. Company spends its 6% reve- nue ($6.3 Billion) in Research and De- velopment. Another Famous innovation are floppy disk, Hard disk drive, Electronic Key punch, Magnetic strip

card, Virtual Machine, Scanning tunnelling Microscope, Reduced instruc- tion set computing, Relational Database, Universal Product code (UPC), SABRE airline reservation system, Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) and Watson Artificial Intelligence.

Watson is an artificially intelligent computer system capable of answer- ing questions posed in natural language, developed in IBM’s DeepQA

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THE BIG BLUE

project by a research team led by principal investigator David Ferrucci. Watson was named after IBM’s Thomas J. Watson The computer system was specifically developed to answer questions on the quiz show Jeopar- dy! In 2011, Watson competed on Jeopardy against former winners Brad Rutter and Ken Jennings. Watson received the first prize of $1 million. Watson had access to 200 million pages of structured and unstructured content consuming four terabytes of disk storage including the full text of Wikipedia. Watson is very interesting topic for current innovations. We’ll talk other day about it!

Now a days IBM is leading the market with Watson and IBM cloud.

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PLAY STATION CLOUD COMPUTING-an amaz- a limited beta in the US this month. ing technology technology that en- A global roll-out is expected in the abled the users to access the server summer. The PlayStation 4 may not account from any system. The cloud be the most important part of So- engineers have moved a step a fur- ny’s gaming strategy anymore. At ther by introducing . CES 2014, Sony has just announced

PlayStation .Now, a service that will Cloud engineering is spreading its bring streaming PlayStation games wings in all the possible areas with not only to PS4, but also PS3, Play- the increasing adoption of smart- Station Vita, and even televisions, phones and tablets that use 3G & tablets, and smartphones. Sony 4G network connection provided Computer Entertainment chief An- by various companies. Big compa- drew House revealed the new initia- nies moved towards smart phones tive onstage at the Consumer Elec- and tablets, that changed the market tronics Show in Las Vegas. It’s the face in the industry of communica- company’s public-facing brand for tion with the help of cloud comput- Gaikai, the cloud gaming technol- ing. Now, changing their focus from ogy it purchased in June of 2012, social networking to gaming zone, which the company previously said ‘cloud gaming’ is trying to swim would bring PS3 games to the Play- through the ‘chatting human race’. Station 4 and PlayStation Vita later

this year. Sony says the technolo- One of a major companies that has gy is already working here at CES,

already began using Cloud Gaming with attendees able to try critically is Sony. Sony has announced a new acclaimed action title The Last of cloud-based gaming service, which Us here in Vegas. will bring classic PlayStation titles to a range of gadgets, from tablets The full service will let users rent and computers to televisions. Play- games or pay for a subscription that Station Now is launching with a will let them “explore a range of ti- WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

PLAY STATION

tles.” Sony will launch a closed beta Sony Computer Entertainment chief in the United States at the end of the Andrew House revealed the new month, and plans to roll out the ser- initiative onstage at the Consum- vice more broadly by the end of this er Electronics Show in Las Vegas. summer. In addition to new camer- “Playing your favorite PS3 game as, smartphones and 4K televisions, on your television will become a Sony plans to deliver two new ser- reality,” he told audience members. vices this year. PlayStation Now, The service is set to feature classic due this summer, is a streaming games from the three previous Sony game service that will the Sony’s li- consoles, all of which will be stored brary of PlayStation games from the on cloud-based servers and streamed cloud to both users of its game con- live to devices via the internet. Play- sole and non-Sony customers. The Station 4, the handheld PS Vita con- company also announced a cloud- sole, and other computers, tablets based Tv service, to be tested in the and smartphones will be able to U.S. later this year, that will offer access the service, as well Sony’s live TV and TV shows and movies latest Bravia TV sets. It seems cus- on . Users will also be able to set up tomers will either be able to pay for personalized channels. A new small individual titles or take out a month- 4-K projector, called teh Ultra Short ly subscription for unlimited access Throw Projector, will allow users to to the whole catalogue. No pricing can turn any surface into a display details have yet been announced. or touchscreen. It will be available Gaikai works on practically any this summer. device even smart phones because WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

PLAY STATION

the games don’t actually run locally and compression techniques to cut at all. Cloud gaming services work the lag usually experienced when more like a YouTube video, where high-quality interactive content is powerful servers in remote data streamed across the internet. Tech centers actually run the games, and site The Verge tested the service at stream compressed video frames CES and found “a slightly percepti- of that game running to your local ble lag” while playing titles such as devices. They send the input from God of War and The Last of Us on a your touchscreen or game controller Bravia television, but was otherwise to the cloud. It doesn’t necessarily impressed. After launch, the extent require an extremely fast internet of this lag will depend on each us- connection, but it does require one er’s broadband speed; for cheap ac- with very low latency, so that the cess to hundreds of titles, consum- time between you pressing a button, ers may be prepared to put up with a and the time you see the reaction, is slightly compromised performance. as short as possible. Originally, Gaikai only streamed PC

games to the web and to televisions, The technology behind PlaySta- racking up deals with Samsung and tion Now, which streams games fast LG to bring games like The Witch- enough for seamless real-time play, er 2 to their devices, but when Sony comes from specialist cloud tech- nabbed the technology it apparent- nology firm Gaikai. Formed in 2008, ly figured out a way to have those the company uses advanced servers servers emulate legacy PlayStation

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PLAY STATION

3 titles as well. We haven’t yet heard perior technology to that other tech- how, but it’s one way to run PS3 nology,” VHS won the battle for games on PS4. Right now, games commercial success. But he says the from previous PlayStation systems tagline for betamax was prescient: don’t work if you stick them in the “Watch whatever whenever.” Sony PS4’s disc drive. says that the PlayStation Now ser-

vice will first roll out on PlayStation In addition to games, Sony also an- 4 and PlayStation 3, followed by the nounced a cloud service aimed at PlayStation Vita handheld, and that television, which will offer live TV, “most 2014 US models” of Sony’s video on demand, and even DVR Bravia TVs will support PlayStation recording functionality. PlayStation Now. The service will stream full Now will not be the first cloud-based games, acccording to the company, gaming service. On Live launched and save your games in the cloud. in 2010 and now offers over 200 ti- You’ll be able to rent titles or pay tles via a subscription-based model. for a subscription service. However, the company has strug-

European rollout may take a while, gled to attract major Triple A titles

though. Sony writes that it is “not quite ready to confirm launch plans for PAL territories” yet. The compa- ny also announced that it would also

and remains a niche proposition. Sony, of course, has a vast library of major releases and the sheer fi- nancial clout to build a global server

be streaming TV content to various network. A screen now devoted to

devices, but revealed few details.As the Betamax. Though it was first to market and “dare I say offering su- WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

for PlayStation 4, House confirmed

PLAY STATION

that the new console, released last November, has now sold 4.2m units. “When it comes to broadband provision, Europe is a considerably more complex region, with a huge number of different providers and vary- ing connection speeds from country to country. In short, we need a little more time to ensure a smooth and successful roll-out.”

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GRAPHENE CHIP

THAT IS 10,000 TIMES FASTER, USING CMOS PROCESS

The Graphene Chip which is the line) processes, where as the pres- most advance chip of the world. This ent components (the transistor and Graphene based Chip has the perfor- its graphene channel) are built on mance 10,000 times better than the the wafer first, and then the rest of previous grapheme ICs. The main the passive. part of this chip is depositing the graphene on the chip without any damage to it.

The main thing which the Engineers oftheIBMResearchhasbuiltisaSil- icon chip, on a standard 200mm sil- icon wafer, using a standard CMOS fabrication process. This chip holds the radio frequency receiver, just as a normal chip having resistors, ca- pacitors, and transistor except for one bit – the transistor channels are made of graphene. The function of this chip is very rudimentary as it re- ceives and restores wireless signals in the 4.3GHz range.

The previous GFETs(graphene field-effect transistors) was built using standard BEOL(back end of line) processes, where as the present WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

GRAPHENE CHIP

A Wafer of Graphene chips, tested at IBM Research

As shown in the picture, a copper portant bandgap that is required for foil is placed in a furnace at 1,050C the fabrication of digital logic, and (1,922F) with an atmosphere of thus graphene-based computer pro- methane, as a result a single layer of cessors. For the next-gen IBM is graphene gets deposited on the foil. looking for carbon nanotube, which Than the copper is dissolved away can have a band gap, over graphene. in a bath, leaving a layer of graphene floating. The silicon wafer, with all There are plenty of radio and opti- the passive components already in cal applications that could benefit:- place, is then used to “scoop up” the graphene is capable of operating graphene layer out of the bath (the at frequencies as high as 500GHz, graphene is also transparent).This which is beyond any other materi- is currently the easiest way to grow al currently used in radio frequency large amount of graphene but ac- application. cording to the engineers of IBM the quality of graphene grown in this way is not great, and that having to destroy the copper substrate is ex- pensive and inefficient. IBM Research has still not found a way of giving graphene the all im- WWW.CYBOINSECT..COM

FOUNDER & CEO HARSH SHAH

CO FOUNDER TANMAY RAVAL

MD VARUN VYAS

EDITORS KRUPALI RANA PRIYANKA BHATIA

WRITERS KETUL SHAH PAYAL RADADIYA

DESIGNER NAMRA ZAVERI

FRONT COVER HARSH PATEL DESIGNER

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