Theron Flowers Svetlana Slobodchikova

Aaron Tran Camilo Zambrano

A form of criticism (or close reading) that employs the principles of rhetoric to examine the interactions between a text, an author, and an audience.

Is not a summary

Apply critical reading skills in order to “break down” the text. The goal is to articulate HOW the author writes, rather than WHAT

they actually wrote. Compare “popular” ideas about a topic with credible sources.

Logos: Pathos: Ethos:

*Beliefs vs. Reasoning *Critical Thinking

*Language

Deductive/Inductive

Premise Conclusion

1. All humans are mammals. (premise)

2. All cats are mammals. (premise) 3. All humans are cats. (conclusion)

Both premises in this argument are true but the conclusion is false. The defect is a formal fallacy, and can be demonstrated by reducing the argument to its bare structure:

1. All A are C 2. All B are C 3. All A are B

1. Geological events produce rock. (premise) 2. Rock is a type of music. (premise) 3. Geological events produce music. (conclusion)

The premises in this argument are true, but clearly the conclusion is false. Is the defect a formal fallacy or an informal fallacy? To see if this is actually a formal fallacy, we have to break it down to its basic structure:

1. A = B 2. B = C 3. A = C

This structure is valid; therefore the defect cannot be a formal fallacy and must instead be an informal fallacy identifiable from the content.

Cherry Picking Hasty

Generalization Post hoc ergo

propter hoc Genetic Fallacy Begging the

Claim

Circular Argument

Either/Or Ad hominem Ad populum Red Herring Straw Man Moral

Equivalence

Makes visible the techniques an author uses to persuade the audience (Writing Center,2012) Ex: This is an anti-smoking federal gov. (CDC,2012)

“9 out of 10 dentists can’t be wrong!”

What this image is saying is that 9 out of 10 dentists recommend the toothpaste.

• 9 out of 10 dentists can’t be wrong about what? • Could they be wrong? (Opinions, too little study-based information? • Very unclear

Find a quote or article(remember to cite it)

Analyze Note the places it fails logically and say

why Compare it to the scholarly source and

point out it’s flaws

1-2 pathos-based articles showing bias

Direct quotes from material

Fallacy analysis

Stakeholder analysis

Identify bias and tone

Rhetorical analysis should be about 2 pages double spaced

If you ask questions, answer them

Minimize your tone!

Beutler, Lisa. (2012). Just the Facts, Ma’am. [Image] Retrieved from http://aspanational.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/just-the-facts-maam/ Brizee, A., Weber, Ryan. (2011). Fallacies. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/659/03/ Caster, Angi. (2012). Highline Community College English 205 webtext. Retrieved from http://people.highline.edu/acaster/writing205/ Cline, Austin (n.d.) What is a fallacy? Understanding defective arguments. Retrieved from http://atheism.about.com/od/logicalfallacies/a/overview.htm Goodner, B. (Producer). (2008, June). Ethos, logos, pathos [video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x4tTugqBkJU Hoffman, Doug. (2012). Cherry Picking. [Image] Retrieved from http://alethonews.wordpress.com/2010/03/09/cherry-picking- black-swans-and-falsifiability/

Kush, Vladimir. (2008). Chess. [Image] Retrieved from http://jubruk.livejournal.com/8250.html Lindsay, S. (2007). Retrieved from http://www.ncsu.edu/tutorial_center/writespeak/PDF Handouts/RhetoricalAnalysis.pdf Nordquist, R. (n.d.). About.com grammar & composition. Retrieved from http://grammar.about.com/od/rs/g/Rhetorical-Analysis- term.htm Pham, H. ( n.d.) 9 out of 10 dentists can’t be wrong. [Image] Retrieved from http://e4u-hulis.blogspot.com/2011/11/entry-4pham- thi-hong-hieu.html QualiaSoup.(Producer). (2009, December 24). Critical thinking [video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6OLPL5p0fMg Texas A&M writing center. (2011). Retrieved from http://writingcenter.tamu.edu/2010/how-to/ academic/rhetorical-analysis/ Tips from former smokers. (2012). [Advertisement]. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/press/articles/t ips-matte-article-general- public.html University of Iowa Writing Center. (2012). Teaching writing: rhetorical analysis. Retrieved from the University of Iowa Writing Center Web site: http://myweb.uiowa.edu/egand/writing_RA.html