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COMMUNICATING TRANSPORT RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

and Innovation

Transport

Intelligent transport systems

Thematic Research Summary

Disclaimer

This publication was produced by the Transport Research and Innovation Portal (TRIP) consortium for the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport (DG MOVE). The brochure was compiled by Silvia Gaggi and Francesca Pietroni (ISIS). The project team wishes to thank Monica Giannini for her valuable contribution, and Helen West for reviewing the manuscript. LEGAL NOTICE: The views expressed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of the following information. Additional information on transport research programmes and related projects is available on the Transport Research and Innovation Portal website at www.transport-research.info. © European Union, 2014 Cover: Courtesy of the Highways Agency, under the Open Government Licence. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.

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Table of Contents

Preface .......................................................................................... 4

1. Introduction ............................................................................ 6

2. Sub-Theme: Advanced Transport Management ....................... 8

ITS for surface transport management ..................................................... 9

Air transport management and control ................................................... 11

Maritime transport management ............................................................ 12

Smart freight .......................................................................................... 13

3. Sub-Theme: Smart Safety and Emergency Systems .............. 15

Advanced driver assistance systems ....................................................... 16

Ecall ........................................................................................................ 19

Vulnerable road users ............................................................................. 20

Cooperative systems for safety ............................................................... 21

4. Sub-Theme: Intelligent Solutions for Accessibility and

Multimodality ........................................................................ 23

Enabling technologies ............................................................................. 24

Open data and interoperable systems .................................................... 24

Traveller information to influence travel behaviour ................................ 25

Cooperative systems............................................................................... 27

5. Sub-Theme: ITS Contribution to Energy Efficiency ................ 29

ICT in electro-mobility ............................................................................ 30

Sustainable and smart driving ................................................................ 32

6. Future Challenges for Research Policy .................................. 34

Bibliography ................................................................................ 36

Glossary ....................................................................................... 38

ANNEX: Projects by Sub-Theme ................................................... 39

Thematic Research Summary: Intelligent transport systems | Page 4 of 50

Preface

This Thematic Research Summary (TRS) has been produced as a part of the activities of

the Transport Research and Innovation Portal (TRIP). TRIP collects, structures, analyses

and disseminates the results of EU-supported transport research and research financed

nationally in the European Research Area (ERA), and selected global research

programmes. The main dissemination tool used by TRIP is the public web portal

www.transport-research.info.

The Thematic Research Summaries provide a structured guide to the results of research

projects carried out mainly at EU level, either as part of a framework programme or as a

study commissioned by the European Commission (EC). These summaries are intended

for policy makers at European, national and local levels, stakeholders and researchers.

The Thematic Research Summary on Intelligent Transport Systems is one of 24 themes,

which provides:

• an overview of research activities in a specific aspect of transport focusing on EU-

funded projects;

• analysis and compilation of research findings and recommendations.

An overview of the Thematic Research Summaries is presented in Table 1.



Table 1: Transport themes used in TRIP

Domains TRIP Themes

Sector Passenger transport

Freight transport

Mode Air transport

Rail transport

Road transport

Urban transport

Water transport (sea and inland)

Multimodal transport

Policy Financing, pricing and taxation

Regulation, competition and public services

Infrastructure and TEN-T

Land use and transport planning

Climate policy and energy efficiency

Security and safety

International cooperation and EU Neighbourhood Policy

Awareness, information and user rights

Technology Intelligent transport systems

Innovative technologies

Transport management

Evaluation Long-term perspectives

Assessment and decision support methodologies

Environmental impacts

Economic and regional impacts

Accessibility, social and equity impacts


1. Introduction

Transport Telematics or Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are innovative tools based

on information and communications technologies (ICT) applied in the transport sector.

These tools enable authorities, operators and travellers to make more informed and

'intelligent' decisions. For public bodies, these tools contribute to improving transport

management, and increasing efficiency and safety while reducing energy consumption

and environmental impacts, and thus contributing to more sustainable transport. All

transport users benefit from real time information on current network conditions and on-

line information for journey planning and seamlessly integrated services.

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) contribute significantly to a cleaner, safer and more

efficient transport system, as stated in the Transport White Paper (EC, 2011a). ITS can

be used in all transport modes and in services for passenger and freight transport.

The European Commission took a major step to accelerate and coordinate ITS deployment

in road transport interfacing with other transport modes in an Action Plan (EC, 2008a).

With the adoption of the Directive 2010/40/EU, the first EU-wide legal framework for ITS

was created in July 2010. The ITS Directive focuses on the compatibility and

interoperability of systems, facilitating continuity of ITS services in Europe while leaving

Member States the freedom to determine which systems to invest in.

The Action Plan on Urban Mobility (EC, 2009a) made clear reference to assistance from

the European Commission with ITS applications. An Expert Group for ITS in Urban Areas

was established in December 2010 to prepare guidelines on ITS development and

deployment in European cities (ITS Expert Group, 2013). The importance of ITS solutions

for urban mobility was reiterated in the Urban Mobility Package (EC, 2013a). ITS are

instrumental tools in designing Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans to support access

restriction schemes, smooth operation of city logistics, and to enhance road safety.

The full potential of ITS can only be achieved if deployed EU wide. Research has a major

role to play in removing barriers to effective ITS uptake and market penetration (EC, 2012;

EC, 2009b). In this respect, EU-funded research and innovation is dedicated to developing

and deploying key technologies, and contributes to standardisation, interoperability

between transport modes and countries, and cross-border continuity of services.


Various EU-funded initiatives investigate ITS deployment for different transport modes,

such as the air traffic management system of the future (SESAR), the European rail

traffic management system (ERTMS), maritime surveillance systems (SafeSeaNet), and

the River Information Services (RIS).

This TRS presents the contribution of research and innovation to Intelligent Transport

Systems (ITS) to sustainable mobility to make transport more efficient, secure,

accessible and green. The research projects are presented under the following themes:

• Advanced Transport Management: using ITS to make transport more fluid.

• Smart Safety and Emergency Systems: using ITS to make transport safer.

• Intelligent Solutions for Accessibility and Multimodality: using ITS systems to

make transport more accessible.

• Energy Efficiency: using ITS to make transport greener.


2. Sub-Theme: Advanced Transport

Management

Transport management is a key theme in EU policy as it contributes to efficient

use of resources. Intelligent or smart transport operations are supported by

innovative ITS and advanced computer-based decision support systems

transport operations.

Transport management is a complex concept that involves planning, organisation, and

control of transport services for passengers and freight from origin to destination. EU policy

addresses transport management through actions targeted to improve operational, tactical,

and strategic traffic and infrastructure management (EC, 2010b). Priority is given to cross-

border initiatives, such as harmonisation of infrastructure, signalling, telecommunications

and data transmission, and standardisation of operational procedures.

More targeted initiatives have been developed for each transport sector. The EU

e-Maritime initiative fosters advanced information technologies and contributes to facilitating

maritime traffic and infrastructure management. A focus of the EU transport policy agenda is

improving interoperability between national railways and more efficient management of the

integrated railway network. A major EU project — the European Rail Traffic Management

System (ERTMS) — contributes to rail transport management. To improve efficiency of

freight transport, a roadmap for freight transport management including ICT (information

and communication technologies) applications to monitor freight movements across modes

and national borders has been developed: the e-Freight concept (EC, 2007).

Transport management is most advanced in air transport. The European air traffic control

infrastructure modernisation programme, SESAR is developing a new generation air

traffic management system to ensure the safety and efficient management of air

transport worldwide over the next 30 years (EC, 2008d).

Research projects on ITS for transport management are clustered by transport mode as

follows:

• Surface transport management: Measures in road and rail transport, such as

smart applications, to improve traffic control centres and innovative gateway concepts

for rail intermodality.


• Air transport management: innovative active control concepts, such as integrated

aircraft communication systems to improve air traffic control and safety, and

standardisation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS).

• Maritime transport management: use of ITS to integrate maritime transport with

other modes, and to improve safer and reduce environmental impacts.

• Smart Freight: developing smart and intelligent solutions to improve freight

transport and logistics.

ITS for surface transport management

STADIUM (Smart Transport Applications Designed for Large Events with

Impacts on Urban Mobility, FP7, 2009–2013) investigated the impact of major

events on urban mobility to improve the performance of transport services and systems

for events hosted in big cities. Guidelines and tools were developed to implement a traffic

management system using ICT technologies. Intelligent Transport System (ITS)

applications were demonstrated at three major events including the South Africa World

Cup (2010), the India Commonwealth Games (2010) and the London Olympics (2012).

EBSF (European Bus System of the Future, FP7, 2008–2012) developed intelligent

solutions to promote and create a new generation of urban bus system for European

cities. Various innovations were introduced and tested in a pilot phase in Bremerhaven,

Brunoy, Budapest, Gothenburg, Madrid, Rome and Rouen. These new developments

included lighting elements to prevent congestion at bus entries and exits, comfortable

standing rooms, new tele-diagnostic and remote maintenance systems, optical guidance

systems, and multimodal real time passenger information.

NEARCTIS (Network of Excellence for Advanced Road Cooperative Traffic

Management in the Information Society, FP7, 2008–2012) established a network

of researchers in traffic management and optimisation to identify research issues to

develop and exploit the potential benefits of cooperative ICT for traffic management. The

main problems identified were safety, energy consumption, environmental impacts and

congestion as an obstacle to mobility.

http://www.transport-research.info/web/projects/project_details.cfm?id=41636



TIGER (Transit via Innovative Gateway concepts solving European Intermodal

Rail needs, FP7, 2009–2012) is an integrated collaborative project for the

development of rail transport in competitive and co-modal freight logistics chains using

the high potential of seaports. ITS solutions were implemented in four demonstration

projects in Genoa, Gioia Tauro and Taranto (Italy), Hamburg and Bremerhaven, Munich

and Ludwigshafen (Germany).

CONDUITS (Coordination of Network Descriptors for Urban Intelligent

Transportation Systems, FP7, 2009–2011) established a city pool of 39 members,

including 34 European cities and 5 non-European cities to facilitate technical exchange on

ITS solutions. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) were established to indicate ITS good

practice and specific ITS applications and barriers to implementation identified.

iTETRIS (An Integrated Wireless and Traffic Platform for Real-time Road Traffic

Management Solutions, FP7, 2008–2011) studied wireless vehicular cooperative

systems to improve road traffic management, and to contribute to safer, cleaner, and

more efficient and sustainable traffic in cities. The project developed an open, ETSI

(European Telecommunications Standards Institute) standard, flexible simulation

platform that creates close collaboration between engineering companies, road

authorities, and communications experts.

2DECIDE (Toolkit for sustainable decision making in ITS deployment, FP7,

2009–2011) supported ITS deployment in road and public transport. The project

produced an ITS toolkit on Intelligent Transport Systems for road and public transport for

use in identifying ITS solution for a specific context (geographical context, area of

transport, problem or policy goal), to obtain expected values and benefits and to access

structured summaries of ITS deployment case studies and evaluations.

FESTA (Field opErational teSts supporT Action, FP7, 2007–2008) validated the

effectiveness of ICT-based systems on contributing to safer, cleaner and more efficient

transport, analysed and assessed the efficiency and transferability of results to Europe

and elsewhere. A best practice handbook was produced for the design and

implementation of Field Operational Tests.










RCI (Road Charging Interoperability Pilot Project, FP6, 2005–2008) developed an

open, integrated framework for technical and procedural aspects of interoperability of

road charging based on road charging systems deployed in Europe. The European

Electronic Toll Service (EETS) specifications were integrated with existing solutions, and

the framework for interoperability of six major EU tolling sites was specified. The

framework was tested in field trials in Austria (EUROPPASS), France (TIS), Germany

(TOLLCOLLECT), Italy (TELEPASS) and Switzerland (LSVA).

Air transport management and control

ALICIA (All Condition Operations and Innovative Cockpit Infrastructure, FP7,

2009–2013) developed new and scalable cockpit applications that enable aircraft to

operate in almost all weather conditions. The system also enables aircraft to fly closer

together at lower risk, whilst simultaneously driving down air transport delays. The utility

and scalability of the new concept were demonstrated using simulation and bench testing

to illustrate the feasibility of the innovative applications.

SANDRA (Seamless aeronautical networking through integration of data links,

radios, and antennas, FP7, 2009–2013) demonstrated an in-flight multi-link

communication system based on an Internet Protocol and a flexible and modular avionics

architecture. This enables new Air Transport Management (ATM) services to exchange a

large amount of data and other communications, such as airline and passenger

communications.

ACFA 2020 (Active Control for Flexible 2020 Aircraft, FP7, 2008–2011) developed

active control concepts for ultra efficient 2020 aircraft configurations, such as the

blended wing body (BWB) aircraft. Controllers were designed to improve ride comfort and

handling qualities, and to reduce load on BWB type aircraft. The BWB configuration offers

potential to minimise noise and fuel consumption. A 450 passenger blended wing body

aircraft was designed.







GAGARIN (GAlileo-Glonass Advanced Receiver INtegration, FP7, 2009–2011)

developed a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver for aeronautical

applications in the Russian Federation. Innovative solutions were investigated to improve

multi-constellation 'receiver autonomous integrity monitoring' (RAIM) algorithms. The

receiver was identified by the European air traffic control infrastructure modernisation

programme (SESAR) as a key contributor to air traffic control modernisation.

Maritime transport management

MUNIN (Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks, FP7,

2012–2015) is developing and verifying a new concept for an unmanned ship. The vessel

is guided by automated on-board decision systems, and controlled by an onshore remote

operator. The feasibility of an unmanned vessel was demonstrated and components

developed to retrofit vessels improve technical and navigational performance.

INOMANS²HIP (INOvative Energy MANagement System for Cargo SHIP, FP7,

2011–2014) developed smart energy management strategies to reduce on-board CO₂

emissions, and investigated integration, implementation and combination of novel energy

generation, storage and power distribution network. The project proposed energy

management system to collect data in real time and thus to anticipate and optimise

energy requirements for each operational ship configuration.

RISING (RIS Services for Improving the Integration of Inland Waterway

Transports into Intermodal Chains, FP7, 2009–2012) identified, integrated and

developed information, services, such as River Information Services (RIS), to support

inland waterway transport (IWT) and logistics operations. Current transport and logistics

processes were analysed, and internal and external requirements for future

implementation were defined. RIS services were specified, developed and adapted to the

customer needs and demonstrated in a framework of scenarios and demonstration cases.

SILENV (Ships oriented Innovative soLutions to rEduce Noise & Vibrations, FP7,

2009–2012) studied the effects of noise and vibration and proposed solutions to reduce

noise and vibration on board ships, noise pollution in the environment of ports, and noise

radiated in the water. A Green Label has been defined. The positive impacts are

improvement in the health and safety for seafarers, improvement in comfort for users,

and reduction in noise to the benefit of nearby inhabitants and the ecosystem.



http://cordis.europa.eu/projects/rcn/98835_en.html





SECTRONIC (Security System for Maritime Infrastructures, Ports and Coastal

Zones, FP7, 2008–2011) developed a Command & Control Security System (NIDAR)

for the security of maritime infrastructure that analyses and evaluates risk, and raises

the alarm. The proposed small area surveillance system is designed for use on ships,

platforms, container/oil/gas terminals and ports, and enables end-users to protect

infrastructure.

Smart freight

ICARGO (Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and Sustainable Global Logistics

Operations, FP7, 2011–2015) is advancing and extending ICT to support logistics

services. The iCargo infrastructure includes intelligent cargo items to facilitate re-active

decision-making that integrates information from on-going execution in all transport

modes into planning to optimise environmental performance. The system includes real-

time information about traffic and transport infrastructure conditions.

SMARTFUSION (Smart Urban Freight Solutions, FP7, 2012–2015) is developing

and demonstrating transport innovations to improve efficiency, and social and

environmental sustainability of urban freight operations and urban-interurban shipments.

A Smart Urban Freight Designer tool is being developed to support urban policy makers,

users and operators in assessing applicability for city and regions supply chains.

TELLISYS (Intelligent Transport System for Innovative Intermodal Freight

Transport, FP7, 2012–2015) is developing a MegaSwapBox (MSB), a modular set of

products, designed to provide a range of loading units based on customer requirements.

Constructed in standardised and combinable modules, the MSB can be produced in a

range of sizes. Requirements for tractor and chassis are being investigated for the

flexible use of the MSB in intermodal transport.

FURBOT (Freight Urban RoBOTic vehicle, FP7, 2011–2014) is developing a vehicle

prototype for use in a fleet for sustainable and adaptable (evolvable) urban freight

transport. The key features of the new vehicle design are energy efficiency,

sustainability, mobility dexterity, modularity, intelligent automated driving and freight

handling robotisation. A frame platform is to be developed for goods delivery with

efficient power supply, robotic tools for freight manipulation, internal state

sensorial/monitoring system, and new perceptual/automated control functions.









SMART-CM (Smart container chain management, FP7, 2008–2011) carried out

pilots to demonstrate developments to improve security and efficiency, to increase

visibility and to reduce costs in the global container chain. This included door-to-door

container flows and has involved all actors in or serviced by the demonstrator scenario.

The robustness of SMART-CM was validated in container operations from China, Thailand

and India to EU ports.

TELLIBOX (Intelligent megaswapboxes for advanced intermodal freight

transport, FP7, 2008–2011) developed an all-purpose loading unit, the MegaSwapBox,

for intermodal transport including road, rail, inland and short sea shipping. The study

included combined the advantages of containers and semitrailers in a technical and

efficiency feasibility analysis. The 'TelliBox' was introduced at the DKT Terminal (intermodal

terminal), Duisburg in March 2011 and tested on a 5 000 km long tri-modal demonstration

track from Poland, Germany, Netherlands to the United Kingdom.

SMARTFREIGHT (Smart Freight Transport in Urban Areas, FP7, 2008–2010) has

specified, developed, demonstrated and evaluated technical solutions for more efficient,

environmentally friendly and safer urban freight transport. It developed new traffic

management measures through open ICT services, on-board equipment and integrated

wireless communication infrastructure, and provided interoperability between traffic

management and freight distribution systems.






3. Sub-Theme: Smart Safety and

Emergency Systems

Intelligent transport systems can contribute to detecting incidents and emergencies, and

to implementing response strategies, thus ensuring safer and more efficient use of the

transport network and seamless mobility in Europe. The EU supports research to improve

vehicle and infrastructure safety, and enhanced communication between vehicle and

infrastructure in timely respond to emergencies.

Use of modern information and communication technologies (ICT) in transport safety and

in reducing fatalities has been at the core of many initiatives by the European

Commission since 2002, when the eSafety Initiative was launched. This was followed by

coordination and support actions financed under EU research frameworks, such as

eScope and eSupport, eSafety Observatory and eSafety Forum of transport safety

stakeholders set up in 2005. In 2006, the eSafety Initiative was renamed iMobility Forum

and became part of the Intelligent Car Initiative, an EU policy framework on ICT in

transport with safety as a top priority. In 2009, the iCar Support initiative was launched,

to support implementation of actions and recommendations resulting from the work of

the iMobility Forum and the Intelligent Car Initiative. The Intelligent Car initiative is now

followed by the Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE) to pursue the role of ICT to meet goals

set for 2020, including transport safety (EC, 2010a).

EU action and legislation are targeted to develop and deploy (EC, 2008a) exchange of

information and communication between vehicle and road infrastructure. EU-funded

research projects have led to the definition of integrated communication architecture for

such systems. Since 2007, attention has been given to developing the eCall system,

automatic dialling 112 — Europe's single emergency number — in the event of a serious

accident. The European Commission aims to have the system fully operational by

October 2015 (EU, 2013a/b).

Research projects on ITS systems for smart safety and in emergencies are grouped in

four clusters:

http://www.imobilitysupport.eu/imobility-support/its-deployment/monitoring-priority-systems/glossary/117-ict

http://www.imobilitysupport.eu/imobility-support/its-deployment/monitoring-priority-systems/glossary/224-safety

http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/


• Advanced driver assistance systems: use of in-vehicle systems for sensing

danger and assisting drivers to take action.

• Ecall: use of in-vehicle emergency call (eCall) for emergency assistance for road

accidents, improved accident reporting, and faster response by emergency services.

• Road and Vulnerable Users: development of smart road restraint systems

to reduce injuries to and deaths of vulnerable road users (motorcyclists, cyclists

and passengers).

• Cooperative systems for safety: innovative solutions for network

management with regard to safety and hazard warning.

Advanced driver assistance systems

FOTSIS (European Field Operational Test on Safe, Intelligent and Sustainable

Road Operation, FP7, 2011–2014) is contributing to the safety, mobility and

sustainability of road transport in the EU. Road infrastructure is being tested to

incorporate the latest cooperative systems technologies (I2V – Infrastructure To Vehicle,

V2I – Vehicle To Infrastructure, I2I – Infrastructure To Infrastructure) at nine test sites

in four European Test-Communities: Spain, Portugal, Germany and Greece. Services are

being provided, such as Emergency Management, Intelligent Congestion Control, Safety

Incident Management and Dynamic Route Planning.

THORAX (Thoracic Injury Assessment for Improved Vehicle Safety, FP7, 2009–

2013) focused on reducing and preventing thoracic injuries by increasing understanding of

the injury mechanisms and by testing tools for the design and evaluation of vehicle restraint

systems to protect occupants. The project contributed, through hardware and software

demonstrators, to stimulating the introduction of new technologies in vehicles to further

reduce road fatalities and injuries to car occupants in Europe and make the traffic safer.

ASSESS (Assessment of integrated vehicle safety systems for improved vehicle

safety, FP7, 2009–2012) developed test and assessment procedures and tools for

frontal pre-crash sensing systems. Procedures have been developed to assess driver

behaviour, pre-crash system performance, and also crash performance and associated

socio-economic impact. The project increased consumer awareness of the functionalities

and benefits of forward-looking collision mitigation systems for passenger cars.







iCar Support (Intelligent car Support, FP7, 2009–2012) supported implementation

of actions and recommendations on the iMobility Forum and the Intelligent Car Initiative

and for ICT deployment for smarter, safer and cleaner mobility. An ITS Standardisation

Handbook was developed for assessing current certifications and future certification for

cooperative ITS to ensure interoperability and reliability of tools (e.g., toolboxes for

standardisation, eCall).

SARTRE (Safe road trains for the environment, FP7, 2009–2012) developed

strategies and technologies for the operation of vehicle platoons on public highways with

environmental, safety and comfort benefits. A prototype system was developed with

integrated V2V and V2I communication that includes sensor systems for semi-

autonomous control mode. Such a system would enable the driver to carry out other

tasks, such as answer the telephone.

ASSET-ROAD (ASSET advanced safety and driver support in essential road

transport, FP7, 2008–2011) improved driver support, awareness and behaviour by

means of advanced sensor/processing network to assist and inform drivers, traffic control

agencies and infrastructure operators. Road safety information from essential system

components was generated and processed, and simulation software for pavement

deterioration has been developed that is freely downloadable from the website.

euroFOT (European Large-Scale Field Operational Test on Active Safety

Systems, FP7, 2008–2011) contributed to making roads safer, more efficient and

more comfortable to drive on. Intelligent vehicle systems were tested together with the

car manufacturers, suppliers, universities, research institutes and others stakeholders.

Longitudinal and lateral control functions and advanced applications were tested and

developed. Between 2009 and 2010, more than 1 500 vehicles were driven in Europe

equipped with intelligent vehicle systems. Operations centres have been set up in France,

Germany, Italy, Sweden with contributions from Ceesar, Ford, Daimler, BMW, MAN, Audi,

Volkswagen, Fiat and Volvo.

HAVEit (Highly Automated Vehicles for Intelligent Transport, FP7, 2008–2011)

improved road safety, energy efficiency and comfort with the development of a virtual

co-system to support drivers. Key intermediate steps towards automated driving of road

vehicles were validated and demonstrated. At the Final Project Event, an automated

vehicle was demonstrated in a narrow construction site in Borås and Hällered (Sweden).









ISI-PADAS (Integrated Human Modelling and Simulation to Support Human

Error Risk Analysis of Partially Autonomous Driver Assistance Systems, FP7,

2008–2011) developed innovative methodology to support risk-based design, focusing

on mitigating driver error using integrated driver-vehicle-environment modelling. A

platform was developed for the implementation of driver models and the prediction of

emergent behaviour, including driver error in traffic scenarios.

ROSATTE (ROad Safety ATTributes Exchange Infrastructure in Europe, FP7,

2008–2010) established an efficient and quality ensured data supply chain from public

authorities to commercial map providers with to regard road safety. National

organisational and technical interoperability issues were considered together with road

authorities and motorways operators, with and without national road databases. The

proposed solution is based on appropriate procedures and tools to be implemented by

road authorities (data owners) at national, regional and local level.

eSafety Support (Supporting the European effort on eSafety and sustaining the

work of the eSafety Forum activities, FP6, 2006–2008) was a joint initiative by

industry and the public sector to promote the development, deployment, and use of

Intelligent Vehicle Safety Systems to enhance road safety in Europe. A system was

devised and maintained for monitoring progress on the priority recommendations,

proposed by the eSafety Working Group in close cooperation with the eSafety Forum ups,

R&D projects and other activities.

INTRO (Intelligent Roads, FP6, 2005–2008) addressed the needs of road operators

and users on driver awareness of sudden changes in road safety conditions; driver and

road operator information on pavement safety and capacity, including optimisation; real-

time information for road operators based on traffic data and safety status. A new

method was developed for estimating travel time from unidentified probe vehicle data. It

demonstrated that the integration of traffic data and toll collection data improves

accuracy and robustness of travel time estimation.

PREVENT (Preventive and Active Safety Application, FP6, 2004–2008) was a

European automotive industry initiative that contributed to road safety by developing,

testing and assessing the range of safety applications. Prototypes were demonstrated and

technologies for safer road traffic were exhibited in Versailles, France in September 2013.








Ecall

EGALITE (Research on EGNOS/Galileo in Aviation and Terrestrial Multi-sensors

Mobility Applications for Emergency Prevention and Handling, FP7, 2012–2015)

is contributing to the transfer of multi-sensors mobility applications between transport

sectors for emergency prevention and handling. The partners are collaborating in

developing prototypes of original and innovative terrestrial and aviation European

EGNOS/Galileo global navigation satellite system GNSS applications. New functionalities

for the eCall service are being explored to bring rapid assistance to motorists involved in

a collision or traffic jams anywhere in EU by means of mobile devices with integrated

accelerometers. Another innovative system is being developed to prevent emergencies

for helicopters approaching landing, guided by GNSS navigation system.

I-VITAL (Smart Vital Signs and Accident Monitoring System for Motorcyclists

Embedded in Helmets and Garments for eCall Adaptive Emergency Assistance

and Health Analysis Monitoring, FP7, 2013–2015) is developing solutions to

increase the safety of motorcyclists and make these solutions ready for market take up.

The project is creating a new vital sign monitoring and accident detection system to be

seamlessly integrated into helmets and garments. Because the helmet and garment will

be on the rider at all times, the accident information (e.g., location, severity) provided is

more accurate that from the systems attached to motorcycles.

ITERATE (IT for Error Remediation and Trapping Emergencies, FP7, 2009–2011)

developed a simulation model of driver behaviour (UMD) and driver interaction with

innovation technologies in emergencies. This model is applicable to and validated for all

the surface transport modes. The factors considered were driver age, gender, education,

experience and culture, and the effects of the environment and the vehicle.

SAFERIDER (Advanced telematics for enhancing the SAFEty and comfort of

motorcycle RIDERs, FP7, 2008–2010) developed and demonstrated the feasibility

and effectiveness of five advanced rider assistance systems (ARAS) functions that are

Speed Alert, Curve Warning, Frontal Collision Warning, Intersection Support and Lane

Change Support. On-Bike Information Systems (OBIS) were developed, such as a call

system, tele-diagnostics services, navigation and route guidance, weather, traffic and

accident related information.










Vulnerable road users

ASPECSS (Assessment methodologies for forward looking Integrated Pedestrian

and further extension to Cyclists Safety Systems, FP7, 2011–2014) is contributing

to the protection of vulnerable road users, particularly pedestrians and cyclists, by

developing harmonised test and assessment procedures for integrated pedestrian safety

systems. The project is stimulating widespread introduction of these systems that have

high potential to improve pedestrian safety and, when adequate detection technology

becomes available, also for pedal cyclists. Significant reductions in fatalities and injuries

can be achieved by implementing the project findings and results in future regulatory and

consumer rating procedures for vehicle safety.

SECURESTATION (Passenger station and terminal design for safety, security

and resilience to terrorist attack, FP7, 2011–2014) is improving station and

terminal resilience to terrorist attack and safety incidents. Technologies and

methodologies are being developed to enable impact reduction of blast and fire and

dispersion of toxic agents on passengers, staff and infrastructure to be incorporated in

station and terminal design. The project is developing a Constructive Design Handbook

for construction and refurbishment.

SAFER BRAIN (Innovative guidelines and tools for vulnerable road users safety

in India and Brazil, FP7, 2009–2012) analysed the key risk factors for vulnerable

road users in India and Brazil, based on European experience. Best practices, innovative

methodologies and tools for planning, designing and maintaining safe infrastructures

have been developed and a Decision Support System (SaferBraIn DSS) was defined.

Events were organised in Pune (India) and in Sao Paulo (Brazil) to disseminate project

activities and results to stakeholders, decision makers and technicians.

SAFEWAY2SCHOOL (Integrated system for safe transportation of children to

school, FP7, 2009–2012) designed, developed, integrated and evaluated technologies

for a safe transport service for children from home to school. Optimal route planning and

re-routing of school buses to maximise safety, on-board safety applications (seat belts),

intelligent bus stops, effective warning and information systems were introduced and

demonstrated in five pilots in Austria, Germany, Italy, Poland and Sweden.










SMART RRS (Innovative concepts for smart road restraint systems to provide

greater safety for vulnerable road users, FP7, 2008–2012) developed an

innovative tool to help reduce road deaths and injury of vulnerable road users, such as

motorcyclists, cyclists and passengers. The smart road restraint system provides better

information on road and traffic flows (climatic conditions, traffic flow, obstructions),

detects dangerous profiles from road restraint systems (crash barriers) and information

of where and when accidents occur in real-time in order to optimise road safety.

Cooperative systems for safety

PRESERVE (Preparing Secure Vehicle-to-X Communication Systems, FP7, 2011–

2014) is designing, implementing, and testing a secure and scalable V2X Security

Subsystem for realistic deployment scenarios. Key scalability and feasibility issues are

being investigated and the V2X security subsystem will be supplied to other projects to

jointly investigate integration and performance in larger vehicle fleets.

SAFETRIP (Satellite Application For Emergency handling, Traffic alerts, Road

safety and Incident Prevention, FP7, 2009–2013) improved the use of road

transport infrastructure and the alert chain (information/prevention/intervention) in

accidents with the development of an integrated system from data collection to transport

safety service. An integrated system platform was provided to enable companies to

develop applications that integrate innovative satellite technologies and communication

in road vehicles. The “green box” device is a universal two-way communication system.

ADDSAFE (Advanced fault diagnosis for safer flight guidance and control, FP7,

2009–2012) defined guidelines for an aircraft guidance and control model-based fault

detection and diagnosis (FDD), and improved these methods and understanding of their

use in to aircraft guidance and control. The most promising model-based FDD designs

were demonstrated on industry state-of-art flight simulation platforms.

INTERSAFE-2 (Cooperative Intersection Safety, FP7, 2008–2011) developed and

demonstrated a Cooperative Intersection Safety System (CISS) to significantly reduce

injury and fatal accidents at road intersections. This system can detect and track most

components in the traffic environment. Interaction between sensors and data sources,

such as the active sensors and GPS, and map information, is planned for the future.









COOPERS (Co-operative Networks for Intelligent Road Safety, FP6, 2006–2010)

provided vehicles and drivers with real time information on safety related traffic and

infrastructure that is distributed via dedicated infrastructure to vehicle communication

link (I2V). The system was demonstrated on major sections of high-density motorways in

the Netherlands, Germany, Austria and Italy.

GEONET (Geo-addressing and Geo-routing for Vehicular Communications, FP7,

2008–2010) contributed to improving road safety by implementing and testing a

networking mechanism as standalone software module. This module can be incorporated

in cooperative systems to deliver safety messages between road vehicles and between

vehicle and roadside infrastructure. Two independent systems were implemented with

the partners Hitachi and NEC.

PRECIOSA (PRivacy Enabled Capability In CO-operative systems and Safety

Applications, FP7, 2008–2010) contributed to ICT research for cooperative systems

by focusing on vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communication. It

demonstrated that co-operative systems can comply with future privacy regulations and

that users of such systems can rely on them to respect the privacy policies. The project

included coordination actions to bring eSafety stakeholders and data protection agencies

together to produce common guidelines for privacy aware cooperative systems and

safety applications.

SAFESPOT (Cooperative Systems for Road Safety, FP6, 2006–2010) developed a

Safety Margin Assistant which extends 'in space and time' safety information available to

drivers. The eight subprojects addressed different aspects of the cooperative systems, and

implemented and demonstrated the applications. These aspects were road intersection

safety, speed limitation and safety distance, frontal collision warning, speed alert, hazard

and incident warning and safety margin for assistance and emergency vehicles.

COMESAFETY (Communications for eSafety, FP6, 2006–2009) provided a platform

for information exchange about technical and organisational matters related to vehicle-

to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications as the basis for cooperative

intelligent road transport systems. The platform brought together all stakeholders to

agree on technical solutions, create roadmaps and research agendas to address open

technical issues, explore new fields, and develop further innovations.





4. Sub-Theme: Intelligent Solutions for

Accessibility and Multimodality

Multimodal travel planning is a key element in ITS deployment. It provides door-to-door

information services to travellers to plan and adapt their journeys. Multimodal travel

planning contributes to more comfortable and safer travel and to the choice of more

environmentally friendly transport modes. However, research is needed to improve

access to data from different travel modes and mobility services, which are currently

limited and sometimes provided in incompatible formats.

Multimodal travel is a key objective of the EU strategy for the future of transport (Tempier,

2011). One of the goals in the Transport White Paper (EC, 2011a) is seamless door-to-door

mobility by creating the framework conditions for the development and use of intelligent

systems for interoperable and multimodal scheduling, information, online reservation

systems and smart ticketing by 2020. A pillar of the ITS Action Plan (EC, 2008a) is the

optimal use of travel and traffic data to foster multimodal travel via the use of multimodal

journey planners.

In 2011, the European Commission "Towards a European Multimodal Journey Planner"

set out the first step in identifying functional and technical specifications in EU-wide

multimodal information services, as requested by the ITS Directive.

EU funded research projects on the use of ITS to improve accessibility and multimodality

have been clustered as follows:

• Enabling technologies: interaction between technology and people for

knowledge exchange and dissemination to enhance multimodal and integrated

transport and accessibility.

• Open data and interoperable systems: innovative technologies using freely

available data and integrated interfaces to enhance sustainable transport.

• Traveller information and traveller behaviour: identifying user needs, and

developing and using intelligent solutions for urban trips, journey planning and

travel information tools to orient travellers to sustainable solutions.


• Cooperative systems: improving and enabling data transmission from vehicle-to-

vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and implementing communication

systems to detect meteorological events and traffic congestion.

Enabling technologies

MOBINET (Europe-Wide Platform for Connected Mobility Services, FP7, 2012–

2016) is developing the core component of an ICT platform providing tools and utilities

to enable interactions between transport users, transport system operators, service

providers, content providers and transport infrastructure.

DECOMOBIL (Design for ECO-multimodal MOBILity, FP7, 2011–2014) is assessing

acceptability and usability of ICT, and preparing guidelines and recommendations to

prevent misuse and for user-friendly interaction with ICT functionalities.

SWIM-SUIT (System Wide Information Management – Supported by Innovative

Technologies, FP6, 2007–2010) demonstrated the feasibility of system-wide

information management in the air transport. The project contributed to developing a

prototype for assessment of the technological solutions adopted. Users were involved in

identifying the requirements for SWIM implementation and assessing the legal and

financial implications.

Open data and interoperable systems

AMITRAN (Assessment Methodologies for ICT in Multimodal Transport from

User Behaviour to CO2 reduction, FP7, 2011–2014) is developing a framework for

evaluation of ICT measures in traffic and transport on energy efficiency and CO₂

emissions. The evaluation framework will be used in developing ICT solutions that

contribute to more efficient multimodal goods transport and passenger mobility.




SATIE (Support Action for a Transport ICT European Large Scale Action, FP7,

2011–2014) is contributing to the accelerated deployment of ICT for sustainable, safe

and efficient mobility and transport in an iterative consultation process with public and

private stakeholders. The project is exploring the key elements of a European Large

Scale Action (ELSA) and a handbook with guidelines for the design, construction and

operation of an ELSA.

CATS (City Alternative Transport System, FP7, 2012–2013) developed and

experimented with a new urban transport service based on a new generation of vehicles.

The major innovation was a single type of vehicle for individual use and for semi-

collective transport to fill the gap between mass public transport and private car.

EUROPTIMA (European Open Platform for smart card Ticketing, payment and

multiservices in Interoperable Mass transit Applications, FP7, 2011–2013)

worked to make a swift from automatic data and fare collection to a new mobility

business concept. The project stabilised and piloted modular, of the shelf, customisable

and scalable components and interfaces for fare collection systems. The innovative end-

to-end architecture enables use and management of various types of terminals,

particularly thin-client terminals, multi-applications payment and e-ticketing with high

security levels.

DELTA (Concerted coordination for the promotion of efficient multimodal

interfaces, FP7, 2009–2010) defined and validated intelligent mobility tools and

practice guidelines, and prepared policy guidelines on optimum management of seasonal

transport demand in areas where there are problems. A web-based Decision Support

Instrument (DSI) was developed.

Traveller information to influence travel behaviour

ECOMPASS (eCO-friendly urban Multi-modal route PlAnning Services for Mobile

uSers, FP7, 2011–2014) is introducing new mobility concepts and establishing a

methodological framework for route planning optimisation. The focus is on the design

and development of intelligent on-board and centralised vehicle fleet management

systems, and on developing web and mobile services providing multimodal public

transport route planning.


I-TOUR (Intelligent Transport system for Optimized URban trips, FP7, 2010–

2013) established an open framework providing authorities and citizens with intelligent

multimodal mobility services. This framework supports and suggests in a user-friendly

way the use of various forms of transport (bus, car, railroad, tram) taking into account

user preferences and real-time information on road conditions, weather, and public

transport network conditions.

OPTIMISM (Optimising Passenger Transport Information to Materialize Insights

for Sustainable Mobility, FP7, 2011–2013) created and developed strategies and

methodologies to optimise passenger transport systems based on co-modal ICT

solutions. It provided scientifically documented insight into the transport system and

travel choices based on a study of social behaviour, mobility patterns and relative

business models.

USEMOBILITY (Understanding Social behaviour for Eco-friendly multimodal

mobility, FP7, 2011–2013) used a novel approach to identify the reasons for

behavioural change in mobility and to forecast future potential. A survey was conducted

in ten regions in five EU Member States to identify reasons for changes in mobility.

Mobility patterns were shown to be more dynamic than expected, with 70% of users who

have switched from the car to public transport using multimodal combinations.

WISETRIP (Wide scale network of e-systems for multimodal journey planning

and delivery of trip intelligent personalised data, FP7, 2008–2010) developed a

framework to co-ordinate IT systems for journey planner services that delivers real-time

personalised information at crucial points in a trip. A network of interconnected Journey

Planner systems was designed and implemented to combine urban and long-distance

transport information services.

ITRAVEL (Service Platform for the Connected Traveller, FP7, 2008–2009)

developed a virtual travel assistant, which is pro-active and context aware to provide

travel alternatives to the car and uses real-time information to continuously monitors

their trip. If a trip cannot continue as planned, alternatives are offered and arrangements

made, such as purchasing e-tickets and changing hotel bookings.


Cooperative systems

COSMO (Cooperative Systems for Sustainable Mobility and Energy Efficiency,

CIP – ICT-PSP, 2010–2013) demonstrated in real conditions the benefits of

cooperative mobility services and quantified the impact on improved energy efficiency in

transport. A system-wide approach was adopted to assess energy efficiency, to measure

the effect of innovative traffic management systems on fuel consumption and traffic

emissions, and the impact of the energy consumption of equipment.

DRIVE C2X (DRIVing implementation and Evaluation of C2X communication

technology in Europe, FP7, 2011–2013) built on previous and on-going work on

cooperative systems now considered mature enough for large-scale operational field

testing. A test methodology was developed and the impact of cooperative driving

functions on users, environment and society assessed at six sites in Germany, Italy, the

Netherlands, Sweden, France and Finland.

CVIS (Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems, FP6, 2006–2010) designed,

developed and tested technologies to enable vehicles to communicate with one another

and with nearby roadside infrastructure. Based on real-time road and traffic information,

the technologies contribute to road safety and efficiency, and to reducing environmental

impact. Applications were tested at sites in France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands,

Belgium, Sweden and the UK.

PRE-DRIVE (PREparation for DRIVing implementation and Evaluation of C-2-X

Communication technology, FP7, 2008–2010) developed an integrated simulation

model for cooperative systems to create the link between the technological building

blocks and market deployment of future mobility systems for people and goods that will

be safe, efficient and clean. One of the main results an integrated simulation toolset to

assess safety, traffic and environmental impact of C2X communication technology and to

upscale the results to the European level.


CONNECT (Co-ordination and stimulation of innovative ITS activities in Central

and Eastern European Countries, MIP – MAP, 2004–2009) was a cooperation

initiative of public authorities, road administrations and traffic information service

providers to improve cross-border traffic and transport by implementing harmonised and

synchronised ITS applications. The project contributed to improving road safety,

implementing traffic information and management services, installing advanced traffic

and weather monitoring systems and promoting new ICT and ITS technologies

applications to tackle traffic problems in the east of Austria and Germany, Czech

Republic, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia.


5. Sub-Theme: ITS Contribution to

Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency is a key element of EU Climate and Energy Policy to meet the

target of 20% reduction in energy demand by 2020. Information and

communication technologies have a major role to play in delivering energy

efficient transport. EU-funded research is on going in exploiting the potential of

green ITS applications and services, and in reducing energy consumption and

emissions from transport.

Electrification of transport (electromobility) is a priority in the EU Research Programme,

and requires smart and integrated solutions to exploit the full market potential (Ertrac,

2012). Since 2008, various initiatives have been launched to stimulate the development

of the common technologies and standards required to make electric vehicles a reality in

Europe (EC, 2008c). The major action is the Green Car Initiative (2008–2013), now the

European Green Vehicle Initiative. This public-private partnership encompasses key

actors in the electromobility market, automotive industry, and ICT sector to supply the

required 'smart' technologies, and electricity suppliers.

Eco-smart driving is a new area of research that analyses the contribution of ITS systems

in supporting drivers to adopt and maintain more fuel-efficient driving behaviour. The

iMobility Forum stressed the role of eco-smart driving in contributing to the 20% target

for CO₂ emission reduction and fuel consumption in road transport by encouraging green

driving behaviour. The European Commission endorsed the recommendations for ICT in

Clean and Efficient Mobility in the FP7 Programme.

The research projects are clustered as follows:

• ICT in Electro-mobility: intelligent carbon-free solutions for the electrification of

private and public transport systems;

• Sustainable and smart driving: application of ITS technologies, such as V2V and

V2I cooperative systems, to contribute to emission reduction and energy efficiency.


ICT in electro-mobility

ASTERICS (Ageing and efficiency Simulation & TEsting under Real world

conditions for Innovative electric vehicle Components and Systems, FP7, 2012–

2015) is developing a flexible and affordable tool for user driven Assistive Technologies

(AT) that combine sensor techniques, such as brain-computer interfaces and computer

vision. This free and open-source construction set, which uses a large set of sensors and

devices, will enable the development of flexible solutions for people with disabilities. The

prototypes have been developed and tested.

eCo-FEV (Efficient cooperative infrastructure for Fully Electric Vehicles, FP7,

2012–2015) is pooling expertise to achieve a breakthrough in a fully electric vehicle

(FEV) with the introduction of integrated electro mobility IT platform that connects and

exchanges information between infrastructure systems. This platform provides multiple

advanced electric mobility services to FEV users to improve energy efficiency and usability.

These services will be tested in urban areas and on motorways in France and Italy.

UNPLUGGED (Wireless charging for Electric Vehicles, FP7, 2012–2015) is

investigating smart inductive charging infrastructure to facilitate full EV integration in the

urban road systems and to improve customer acceptance and perceived practicality. The

project will examine the technical feasibility, practical issues, interoperability, user

perception and socio-economic impacts of inductive charging.

CAPIRE (Coordination Action on PPP Implementation for Road-Transport

Electrification, FP7, 2010–2014) is defining potential flagships projects that could

foster the competitiveness of the European automotive industry in transport electrification

and in developing technologies and services to reduce the European CO₂ footprint. The

focus is energy efficient, safe, non-polluting and CO₂-free vehicles on a global scale.

SMARTCEM (Smart Connected Electro Mobility, CIP, 2012–2014) is proposing ICT

services to facilitate vehicle sharing, public transport and freight distribution and to

optimise electric vehicle performance, increase public awareness and acceptance, and

enhance user confidence in electro-mobility. Four cities and regions (Barcelona,

Gipuzkoa-San Sebastian, Newcastle and Reggio Emilia) are working together to

demonstrate the role of ICT solutions to overcome the limitations of electro mobility for

cities and citizens.



SuperLIB (Smart Battery Control System based on a Charge-equalization Circuit

for an advanced Dual-Cell Battery for Electric Vehicles, FP7, 2011–2014) is

developing smart control system solutions for batteries, which consist of high-power and

high-energy cells to enhance overall performance. The combination of two types of cells

and a smart control strategy and a highly integrated package will significantly improve

the lifetime, reliability and cost/performance ratio of the battery system.

ELVIRE (ELectric Vehicle communication to Infrastructure, Road services and

Electricity supply, FP7, 2010–2013) developed a communication and service platform

to support drivers with charging an electric vehicle and to make efficient use of

sustainable energy. The system can reduce driver range anxiety, the fear of breakdown

due to the vehicle power range limitation.

P-MOB (Integrated Enabling Technologies for Efficient Electrical Personal

Mobility, FP7, 2010–2013) introduced the concept of fully electric personal mobility for

urban areas that also encompasses characteristics suitable for extra urban mobility. A

low weight vehicle was developed with an optimal electrical drive train, embedded

photovoltaic (PV) energy generators, battery-super-capacitor packs and integrated

power-energy management.

ID4EV (Intelligent Dynamics for fully Electric Vehicles, FP7, 2010–2012)

developed energy efficient and safe brakes for fully electric vehicles and improved active

safety and comfort to contribute to faster introduction of these vehicles. The adapted

systems were tested on test benches and under real world conditions in demonstrator

vehicles to ensure the functionality and to demonstrate vehicle safety.

POSE²IDON (Power Optimised Ship for Environment with Electric Innovative

Designs on Board, FP7, 2009–2012) provided a working guide on how to improve

efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of the entire commercial shipping fleet in

Europe. Guidelines were also provided on enhancing the electric ship concept for

application in wider range of vessels. The focus was on size reduction by developing new

technologies in all aspects of marine electrical engineering.

MOLECULES (MObility based on eLEctric Connected vehicles in Urban and

interurban smart, clean EnvironmentS, FP7, 2012–2014) is a demonstration

project with three large-scale pilots in Barcelona, Berlin and Grand Paris on the uptake of

Smart Connected Electromobility (SCE) services in a sustainable mobility system.

The pilot in Berlin is integrating car-sharing schemes with traditional transport.






In Barcelona, the pilot is integrating innovative service of public electric motorbikes, joint

e-motorbikes and public mobility services for tourists, and deployment of electric fleets in

municipal services for urban maintenance. In Paris, the pilot is focusing on a sharing

service for electric vehicles.

Sustainable and smart driving

ECODRIVER (Supporting the driver in conserving energy and reducing

emissions, FP7, 2011–2015) is investigating the human element in green driving

because driver behaviour is a critical element in improving energy efficiency. With the

focus on technology working with the driver, feedback will be provided to drivers on

green driving by optimising the driver-powertrain-environment feedback loop. Tests and

scenarios will be developed to assess the implications for the future effectiveness of

green driving support.

REDUCTION (Reducing Environmental Footprint based on Multi-Modal Fleet

management System for Eco-Routing and Driver Behaviour Adaptation, FP7,

2011–2014) is investigating advanced ICT solutions for managing multimodal fleets and

reducing their environmental footprint. Methodologies are being developed for predictive

analysis based on advanced data mining technology to provide information needed to

meet the objectives of fleet management, such as decision making for driver-adaption

and eco-routing.

ECOGEM (Cooperative Advanced Driver Assistance System for Green Cars, FP7,

2010–2013) developed ICT-based solutions for sustainable mobility of fully electric

vehicles (FEVs). A FEV-oriented, highly innovative advanced driver assistance system

(ADAS) was developed that is equipped with monitoring, learning, reasoning and

management capabilities to increase FEV autonomy and energy efficiency.





http://www.transport-research.info/web/projects/project_details.cfm?ID=44395


ECOMOVE (Cooperative Mobility Systems and Services for Energy Efficiency,

FP7, 2010–2013) developed an integrated solution to improve energy efficiency in road

transport. Systems and tools were developed to help drivers sustainably reduce fuel

consumption (and CO₂ emissions), and road operators with more energy-efficient traffic

management. Several tools were developed: ecoSmartDriving to improve driver eco-

performance; ecoDriver Coaching System and in-vehicle Truck ecoNavigation for

experienced drivers; cooperative ecoFleet Planning and Routing; ecoFreight and Logistics

ecoAdaptive Balancing and Control system; cooperative Fuel-efficient Motorway system;

and ecoTrafficManagement and Control.

ECOSTAND (Coordination Action for creating a common assessment

methodology and joint research agenda with Japan and the USA on ITS

applications focusing on energy efficiency and CO2 reduction, FP7, 2010–2013)

was a Coordination Action with Japan and the USA to create a common assessment

methodology and joint research agenda on ITS applications to increase energy efficiency

and reduce CO₂ emissions. This was done in a three-step-process comprising a

preparation phase, two symposiums, and a joint technical report.



6. Future Challenges for Research

Policy

By external expert Monica Giannini, PluService

ITS refers to the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in transport

infrastructure, vehicle and transport/traffic management to manage conflicting factors,

such as vehicles, loads and routes, to improve safety, and to reduce vehicle wear,

transport times and fuel consumption. As illustrated in this summary, ITS covers

research ranging from advanced transport management, smart safety and emergency

systems, to intelligent solutions for accessibility and multimodality. Research and

innovative measures for greener transport are increasingly based on ITS systems.

With a high potential to reduce CO₂ emissions, transport is a key EU research priority.

Based on a variety of new enabling technologies and innovative ICT, ITS is a powerful

tool to improve the transport system and achieve the goals set in the Lisbon agenda and

the Transport White Paper. There are many challenges in relation to the increasing

connectivity, amount of data (especially real-time), interoperability and integration of

new and existing fragmented systems in multimodal and cross-border scenarios.

In addition to the technology perspective, research on ITS will have to deal with business

models (new business cases will arise in the framework of new enabling technologies and

multimodal context), behavioural change (driven by policy and societal constraints and

seen as a driver to change the mobility offering), and stakeholders engagement. The

challenges for policy-makers include data privacy and data sharing, regulation and

planning of multimodal services, standardisation and cross border EU-wide trials.

The Transport White Paper (EC, 2011a/b) recognises that EU-funded research needs an

integrated approach to include research, innovation and deployment. Underpinning White

Paper implementation, the Strategic Transport Technology Plan (STTP) is the long-term

transport innovation policy to identify, in collaboration with all Research and Innovation

actors, the most promising technologies. These objectives have been incorporated in

Horizon 2020, the new Framework Programme for Research and Innovation. In

particular, the challenge 'smart, green and integrated transport' aims at creating a

resource-efficient and environmentally sustainable transport system that provides safe

and seamless transport to the benefit of citizens, the economy and society.


In this framework, research on ITS is key to supporting, promoting, enabling and

implementing the four core areas of this research challenge:

• Resource-efficient and environmentally sustainable mobility

• Better mobility

• Competitiveness of the European transport system

• Supporting policy-making.

Research and deployment focus especially on the potential of ITS as a tool to link

transport modes (promoting co-modality and inter-modality), and the services of

different operators and infrastructure providers in a single transport mode. This cross-

modal perspective takes into account transport infrastructure, services and operations.

The European Technology Platforms for road, rail, water, air transport, and for

construction (ERTRAC, ERRAC, Waterborne, ACARE, and ECTP) set up a joint task force

in June 2012 to develop a roadmap for innovation in cross-modal transport

infrastructure, defined as 'the performing infrastructure'. In addition to construction and

maintenance of physical infrastructure, the scope includes governance, management and

finance issues, as well as supporting systems and services (including ITS).

Transport innovation is driven by the needs of users. Whether passenger or freight, the

needs are defined in terms of faster, cheaper, more comfortable, reliable and secure

transport from origin to destination (from door to door). ITS plays an important role in

the joint roadmap and is a key priority in the seamless linking of transport modes.

EU international cooperation strategy will focus on research in areas of common interest

and mutual benefit, collaborating on global challenges, such as the impacts of transport

and the growing need for mobility of goods and people. Cooperation with neighbourhood

countries will focus on actions to foster cross-border interoperability and smooth flow of

data, goods and people, thus widening and integrating some European initiatives on ITS.


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from the Commission COM(2007) 607 final, Brussels.

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master plan, Communication from the Commission to the Council and to the

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Glossary

DG MOVE Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport

EC European Commission

ELSA European Large Scale Action

ERA European Research Area

EGCI European Green Car initiative

EGVI European Green Vehicle initiative

ERTMS European Rail Traffic Management System

EU European Union

FP6 Sixth Framework Programme

FP7 Seventh Framework Programme

ICT Information and Communication Technologies

ITS Intelligent Transport Systems

MSB MegaSwapBox

PPP Public-Private Partnership

R&D Research and Development

RTD Research, Technology and Development

TRIP Transport Research and Innovation Portal

TRS Thematic Research Summary

V2I Vehicle To Infrastructure

V2V Vehicle To Vehicle


ANNEX: Projects by Sub-Theme

Sub-Theme: Advanced Transport Management

Acronym Title Funding Programme

Project Website Duration

CONDUITS Coordination of Network Descriptors for Urban Intelligent Transportation Systems

FP7 http://www.transport-research.info/web/ projects/project_details.cfm?id=38146

2009–2011

EBSF European Bus System of the Future FP7 http://www.ebsf.eu/

2008–2012

FESTA Field opErational teSts supporT Action FP7 http://www.its.leeds.ac.uk/festa/ 2007–2008

iTETRIS An Integrated Wireless and Traffic Platform for Real-time Road Traffic Management Solutions

FP7 http://www.ict-itetris.eu/

2008–2011

NEARCTIS Network of Excellence for Advanced Road Cooperative Traffic Management in the Information Society

FP7 http://www.nearctis.org/index.php

2008–2012

RCI Road Charging Interoperability Pilot Project


2005–2008

http://www.transport-research.info/web/%0bprojects/project_details.cfm?id=38146


http://www.ebsf.eu/

http://www.its.leeds.ac.uk/festa/

http://www.ict-itetris.eu/

http://www.nearctis.org/index.php




STADIUM Smart Transport Applications Designed for Large Events with Impacts on Urban Mobility

FP7 http://www.stadium-project.eu/site/

2009–2013

TIGER Transit via Innovative Gateway concepts solving European Intermodal Rail needs

FP7 http://www.tigerproject.eu/

2009–2011

2DECIDE Toolkit for sustainable decision making in ITS deployment

FP7 http://www.2decide.eu/ 2009–2011

ACFA 2020 Active Control for Flexible 2020 Aircraft FP7 http://www.acfa2020.eu/background.html 2008–2011

ALICIA All Condition Operations and Innovative Cockpit Infrastructure

FP7 http://www.alicia-project.eu/CMS/ 2009–2013

GAGARIN GAlileo-Glonass Advanced Receiver INtegration


2009–2011

SANDRA Seamless aeronautical networking through integration of data links, radios, and antennas

FP7 http://sandra.aero/2013/ 2009–2013

INOMANS²HIP INOvative Energy MANagement System for Cargo SHIP

FP7 http://inomanship.eu/about-2/

2011–2014

MUNIN Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks

FP7 http://www.unmanned-ship.org/munin/ 2012–2015

http://www.stadium-project.eu/site/

http://www.tigerproject.eu/

http://www.2decide.eu/

http://www.acfa2020.eu/background.html

http://www.alicia-project.eu/CMS/



http://sandra.aero/2013/

http://inomanship.eu/about-2/

http://www.unmanned-ship.org/munin/


RISING RIS Services for Improving the Integration of Inland Waterway Transports into Intermodal Chains

FP7 http://www.rising.eu/web/guest/home 2009–2012

SECTRONIC Security System for Maritime Infrastructures, Ports and Coastal Zones

FP7 http://www.sectronic.eu/ 2008–2011

SILENV Ships oriented Innovative soLutions to rEduce Noise & Vibrations

FP7 http://www.silenv.eu/ 2009–2012

ICARGO Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and Sustainable Global Logistics Operations

FP7 http://i-cargo.eu/ 2011–2015

FURBOT Freight Urban RoBOTic vehicle FP7 http://www.furbot.eu/ 2011–2014

SMART-CM Smart container chain management FP7 http://www.smart-cm.eu/ 2008–2011

SMARTFREIGHT Smart Freight Transport in Urban Areas FP7 http://www.smartfreight.info/ 2008–2010

SMARTFUSION Smart Urban Freight Solutions FP7 http://www.smartfusion.eu/ 2012–2015

TELLIBOX Intelligent megaswapboxes for advanced intermodal freight transport

FP7 https://www.zlw-ima.rwth-aachen.de/webtellibox/

2008–2011

TELLISYS Intelligent Transport System for Innovative Intermodal Freight Transport


2012–2015

http://www.rising.eu/web/guest/home

http://www.sectronic.eu/

http://www.silenv.eu/

http://i-cargo.eu/

http://www.furbot.eu/

http://www.smart-cm.eu/

http://www.smartfreight.info/

http://www.smartfusion.eu/

https://www.zlw-ima.rwth-aachen.de/webtellibox/

https://www.zlw-ima.rwth-aachen.de/webtellibox/




Sub-Theme: Smarter Safety and Emergency Systems



ASSESS Assessment of integrated vehicle safety systems for improved vehicle safety

FP7 http://www.assess-project.eu/ 2009–2012

ASSET-ROAD ASSET advanced safety and driver support in essential road transport

FP7 http://www.project-asset.com/

2008–2011

eSafety Support Supporting the European effort on eSafety and sustaining the work of the eSafety Forum activities

FP6 http://esafetysupport.info/en/welcome.htm

2006–2008

EuroFOT European Large-Scale Field Operational Test on Active Safety Systems

FP7 http://www.eurofot-ip.eu/

2008–2011

FOTSIS European Field Operational Test on Safe, Intelligent and Sustainable Road Operation

FP7 http://www.fotsis.com/

2011–2014

HAVEiT Highly Automated Vehicles for Intelligent Transport

FP7 http://www.haveit-eu.org/displayITM1.asp?ITMID=6&LANG=EN

2008–2011

iCAR SUPPORT Intelligent car Support FP7 http://www.transport-research.info/web/projects/project_details.cfm?id=44030

2009–2012

INTRO Intelligent Roads FP6 http://intro.fehrl.org/ 2005–2008

http://www.assess-project.eu/

http://www.project-asset.com/

http://esafetysupport.info/en/welcome.htm

http://www.eurofot-ip.eu/

http://www.fotsis.com/

http://www.haveit-eu.org/displayITM1.asp?ITMID=6&LANG=EN

http://www.haveit-eu.org/displayITM1.asp?ITMID=6&LANG=EN




http://intro.fehrl.org/


ISI-PADAS Integrated Human Modelling and Simulation to Support Human Error Risk Analysis of Partially Autonomous Driver Assistance Systems

FP7 http://www.transport-research.info/web/projects/project_details.cfm?id=37254

2008–2011

PREVENT Preventive and Active Safety Application


2004–2008

ROSATTE ROad Safety ATTributes Exchange Infrastructure in Europe

FP7 http://www.transport-research.info/web/projects/project_details.cfm?ID=44555

2008–2010

SARTRE Safe road trains for the environment; Developing strategies and technologies to allow vehicle platoons to operate on normal public highways with significant environmental, safety and comfort benefits

FP7 http://www.sartre-project.eu/en/Sidor/default.aspx

2009–2012

THORAX Thoracic Injury Assessment for Improved Vehicle Safety

FP7 http://www.thorax-project.eu/ 2009–2013

EGALITE Research on EGNOS/Galileo in Aviation and Terrestrial Multi-sensors Mobility Applications for Emergency Prevention and Handling

FP7 http://www.egalite-project.eu/

2012–2015

ITERATE IT for Error Remediation and Trapping Emergencies

FP7 http://www.iterate-project.eu/ 2009–2011










http://www.sartre-project.eu/en/Sidor/default.aspx

http://www.sartre-project.eu/en/Sidor/default.aspx

http://www.thorax-project.eu/

http://www.egalite-project.eu/

http://www.iterate-project.eu/


I-VITAL Smart Vital Signs and Accident Monitoring System for Motorcyclists Embedded in Helmets and Garments for eCall Adaptive Emergency Assistance and Health Analysis Monitoring

FP7 http://cordis.europa.eu/projects/rcn/109489_en.html

2013–2015

SAFERIDER Advanced telematics for enhancing the SAFEty and comfort of motorcycle RIDERs

FP7 http://www.saferider-eu.org/ 2008–2010

ASPECSS Assessment methodologies for forward looking Integrated Pedestrian and further extension to Cyclists Safety Systems

FP7 http://www.aspecss-project.eu/

2011–2014

SAFER BRAIN Innovative guidelines and tools for vulnerable road users safety in India and Brazil

FP7 http://www.saferbrain.eu/

2009–2012

SAFEWAY2 SCHOOL

Integrated system for safe transportation of children to school

FP7 http://safeway2school-eu.org/

2009–2012

SECURE STATION

Passenger station and terminal design for safety, security and resilience to terrorist attack

FP7 http://www.securestation.eu/index.html

2011–2014

SMART RRS Innovative concepts for smart road restraint systems to provide greater safety for vulnerable road users

FP7 http://smartrrs.unizar.es/content.php?seccion=16

2008–2012

ADDSAFE Advanced fault diagnosis for safer flight guidance and control

FP7 http://addsafe.deimos-space.com/ 2009–2012



http://www.saferider-eu.org/

http://www.aspecss-project.eu/

http://www.saferbrain.eu/

http://safeway2school-eu.org/

http://www.securestation.eu/index.html

http://smartrrs.unizar.es/content.php?seccion=16

http://smartrrs.unizar.es/content.php?seccion=16

http://addsafe.deimos-space.com/


COMESAFETY Communications for eSafety FP6 http://www.comesafety.org/ 2006–2009

COOPERS Co-operative Networks for Intelligent Road Safety

FP6 http://www.coopers-ip.eu/ 2006–2009

GEONET Geo-addressing and Geo-routing for Vehicular Communications


2008–2010

INTERSAFE2 Cooperative Intersection Safety FP7 http://www.transport-research.info/web/projects/project_details.cfm?id=44488

2008–2011

PRECIOSA Privacy Enabled Capability In CO-operative systems and Safety Applications

FP7 http://www.preciosa-project.org/

2008–2010

PRESERVE Preparing Secure Vehicle-to-X Communication Systems

FP7 http://www.preserve-project.eu/

2011–2014

SAFESPOT Cooperative Systems for Road Safety FP6 http://www.safespot-eu.org/ 2006–2010

SAFETRIP Satellite application for emergency handling, traffic alerts, road safety and incident prevention

FP7 http://www.safetrip.eu/ 2009–2013

http://www.comesafety.org/

http://www.coopers-ip.eu/







http://www.preciosa-project.org/

http://www.preserve-project.eu/

http://www.safespot-eu.org/

http://www.safetrip.eu/


Sub-Theme: Intelligent Solutions for Accessibility and Multimodality



DECOMOBIL Support action to contribute to the preparation of future community research programme in user centred Design for ECO-multimodal MOBILity

FP7 http://decomobil.humanist-vce.eu/

2011–2014

MOBINET Europe-Wide Platform for Connected Mobility Services

FP7 http://www.mobinet.eu/

2012–2016

SWIM-SUIT System Wide Information Management – Supported by Innovative Technologies

FP6 http://www.swim-suit.aero/swimsuit/

2007–2010

AMITRAN Assessment Methodologies for ICT in Multimodal Transport from User Behaviour to CO2 reduction

FP7 http://www.amitran.eu/

2011–2014

CATS City Alternative Transport System FP7 http://www.cats-project.org/ 2012–2013

DELTA Concerted coordination for the promotion of efficient multimodal interfaces

FP7 http://www.delta-project.eu/DELTAProject/ Overview/tabid/56/Default.aspx

2009–2010

EUROPTIMA European Open Platform for smart card Ticketing, payment and multiservices in Interoperable Mass transit Applications

FP7 http://www.europtima.teleticketing.eu/

2011–2013

http://decomobil.humanist-vce.eu/

http://www.mobinet.eu/

http://www.swim-suit.aero/swimsuit/

http://www.amitran.eu/

http://www.cats-project.org/

http://www.delta-project.eu/DELTAProject/%0bOverview/tabid/56/Default.aspx

http://www.delta-project.eu/DELTAProject/%0bOverview/tabid/56/Default.aspx

http://www.europtima.teleticketing.eu/


SATIE Support Action for a Transport ICT European Large Scale Action

FP7 http://www.satie.eu/

2011–2014

ECOMPASS eCO-friendly urban Multi-modal route PlAnning Services for Mobile uSers

FP7 http://www.ecompass-project.eu/

2011–2014

I-TOUR Intelligent Transport system for Optimized URban trips

FP7 http://www.itourproject.com/web/

2010–2013

ITRAVEL Service Platform for the Connected Traveller

FP7 http://itravelproject.wordpress.com/about/

2008–2009

OPTIMISM Optimising Passenger Transport Information to Materialize Insights for Sustainable Mobility

FP7 http://www.optimismtransport.eu/

2011–2013

USEMOBILITY Understanding Social behaviour for Eco-friendly multimodal mobility

FP7 http://www.usemobility.eu/project

2011–2013

WISETRIP Wide scale network of e-systems for multimodal journey planning and delivery of trip intelligent personalised data

FP7 http://www.wisetrip-eu.org/

2008–2010

CONNECT Co-ordination and stimulation of innovative ITS activities in Central and Eastern European Countries

MIP – MAP http://www.connect-project.org/index.php?id=9

2004–2009

COSMO Cooperative Systems for Sustainable Mobility and Energy Efficiency

CIP http://www.cosmo-project.eu/

2010–2013

http://www.satie.eu/

http://www.ecompass-project.eu/

http://www.itourproject.com/web/

http://itravelproject.wordpress.com/about/

http://www.optimismtransport.eu/

http://www.usemobility.eu/project

http://www.wisetrip-eu.org/

http://www.connect-project.org/index.php?id=9

http://www.connect-project.org/index.php?id=9

http://www.cosmo-project.eu/


CVIS Cooperative Vehicle-Infrastructure Systems

FP6 http://www.cvisproject.org/

2006–2010

DRIVE C2X DRIVing implementation and Evaluation of C2X communication technology in Europe

FP7 http://www.drive-c2x.eu/project 2011–2013

PRE-DRIVE PREparation for DRIVing implementation and Evaluation of C-2-X Communication technology


2008–2010

http://www.cvisproject.org/

http://www.drive-c2x.eu/project





Sub-Theme: ITS Contributions to Energy Efficiency



ASTERICS Ageing and efficiency Simulation & TEsting under Real world conditions for Innovative electric vehicle Components and Systems

FP7 http://www.asterics.eu/index.php?id=78

2012–2015

CAPIRE Coordination Action on PPP Implementation for Road-Transport Electrification

FP7 http://www.capire.eu/public/

2010–2014

eCo-FEV Efficient cooperative infrastructure for Fully Electric Vehicles

FP7 http://www.eco-fev.eu/ 2012–2015

ELVIRE ELectric Vehicle communication to Infrastructure, Road services and Electricity supply

FP7 http://www.elvire.eu/

2010–2013

ID4EV Intelligent Dynamics for fully Electric Vehicles

FP7 http://www.id4ev.eu/ 2010–2012

MOLECULES Mobility based on eLEctric Connected vehicles in Urban and interurban smart, clean EnvironmentS

FP7 http://www.molecules-project.eu/events/

P-MOB Integrated Enabling Technologies for Efficient Electrical Personal Mobility

FP7 http://eeepro.shef.ac.uk/p-mob/

2010–2013

POSE²IDON Power Optimised Ship for Environment with Electric Innovative Designs on Board

FP7 http://www.poseidon-ip.eu/

2009–2012

http://www.asterics.eu/index.php?id=78

http://www.capire.eu/public/

http://www.eco-fev.eu/

http://www.elvire.eu/

http://www.id4ev.eu/

http://www.molecules-project.eu/events/

http://eeepro.shef.ac.uk/p-mob/

http://www.poseidon-ip.eu/


SMARTCEM Smart Connected Electro Mobility CIP http://www.smartcem-project.eu/ 2012–2014

SuperLIB Smart Battery Control System based on a Charge-equalization Circuit for an advanced Dual-Cell Battery for Electric Vehicles

FP7 http://www.superlib.eu/

2011–2014

UNPLUGGED Wireless charging for Electric Vehicles FP7 http://unplugged-project.eu/wordpress/ 2012–2015

ECODRIVER Supporting the driver in conserving energy and reducing emissions

FP7 http://www.ecodriver-project.eu/

2011–2015

ECOGEM Cooperative Advanced Driver Assistance System for Green Cars

FP7 http://www.softeco.it/ecogem/home.aspx

2010–2013

ECOMOVE Cooperative Mobility Systems and Services for Energy Efficiency

FP7 http://www.ecomove-project.eu/

2010–2013

ECOSTAND Coordination Action for creating a common assessment methodology and joint research agenda with Japan and the USA on ITS applications focusing on energy efficiency and CO2 reduction

FP7 http://www.ecostand-project.eu/

2010–2013

REDUCTION Reducing Environmental Footprint based on Multi-Modal Fleet management System for Eco-Routing and Driver Behaviour Adaptation

FP7 http://www.reduction-project.eu/

2011–2014

http://www.smartcem-project.eu/

http://www.superlib.eu/

http://unplugged-project.eu/wordpress/

http://www.ecodriver-project.eu/

http://www.softeco.it/ecogem/home.aspx

http://www.ecomove-project.eu/

http://www.ecostand-project.eu/

http://www.reduction-project.eu/

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