the way to fast and "loss-free" sps kickers
DESCRIPTION
The way to fast and "loss-free" SPS kickers. E. Gaxiola With contributions from AB-BT-KSL section and F. Caspers, T. Kroyer, M. Timmins, J. Uythoven. PS / SPS days – 13/01/2005. Kicker. Functional specification: Fast rise- and fall-time very stable magnetic field pulse - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The way to fastand "loss-free" SPS kickers
E. Gaxiola
With contributions from AB-BT-KSL sectionand F. Caspers, T. Kroyer, M. Timmins, J.
Uythoven
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Kicker Functional specification:
Fast rise- and fall-time very stable magnetic field pulse Rise-, fall-times: 200 ns to 1.1 μs Flattop ripple: 0.5 to 1% Induction field0.08 to 0.16 T
PS / SPS days – 13/01/2005
Limitations: Ferrite Curie temperature: Beam induced losses Beam impedance: Beam stability Maximum operating voltage Switches Maximum current Ferrite core saturation Bsat
Pulsed power Low impedance travelling wave magnet
Speciality magnets * Vacuum; * High voltage; * High currents
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Today’s kicker systems
Upgraded thyratron switch performance
Semiconductor components applications
Heat conductance cooling Reduced beam impedance
(longitudinal + transverse)Beam stability?!
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Injection MKP 2001
4 batch LHC-type injection Modernisation/upgrade MKP systems #1 to #3
Impedance increase 12.5 Ω 16.7 ΩFaster rise timeImproved flattop ripple
PFN’s upgrade: Pulse fine tuning
2004 Rise time improvements for MKP system #4
2006 Final fine tuning (as was done for MKE)
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Extraction MKE LSS4 2003
Magnet cooling for reduced beam induced heating Power semiconductor diode stacks
Increased reliability + lifetime(more cost efficient solution)from LHC MKD kicker generator development
2004 Shortened MKE Generator PFN lengths Optimized rise time PFN front cell adjustments
+ adjustable PFN first coil
Reduced kicker ripple Magnet damping resistors
Optimized fall time Mis-matched TMR values+ Use of SPS transverse feedback system (tested in SPS MD) CNGS double batch extraction practically within specs
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The hardware limits of the present MKE kicker system are practically reached
Oct 2003 Step 1:As installed in 2003
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
Time [us]or%
1 2 3 4
Rise timeFall time
Usable batch timeOvershoot [%]
Kick pulse f lattop ripple [%]Post kick pulse ripple [%]
Subsequent improvement step
Pulse parameter
SPS MKE LSS4 pulse parameters
July 2004 Step 3:Mismatched TMR values
Nov 2004 Step 4:Fine-tuning adjustable PFN firstcoil for each MKE generator
April 2004 Step 2:Adding Magnet Damping Resistors+ PFN front cell adjustments
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Tune kicker MKQH Beam impedance reduction Test bench
MKQH kicker magnet withceramic inserts withresistive layer coating
Proof of principle
2004 positive results for beam impedance
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Approach I
Not applicable to MKE: Due to significantly increased rise time!
Horizontally: 8.2 sigma SPS beamVertically: 3.2 sigma SPS beam
Alumina plates withmetallic finger strips
Ferrite
High voltage conductor Ground electrode
Alumina profile with
Resistive coating
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SPS kicker heating
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Average MKE temp measured [ o C ]
No
rmal
ised
kic
k am
plit
ud
es [
%]
MKE, p.u. BPH23209
MKE, average p.u.'s
MKE 16.10.03
MKQH, 2003
MKQH, 2004
Results MKQH kicker magnet
< 20042004
T*Curie reached at TMKE,reference= 45ºC >90ºC
Rise time 1-99%: 0.6 µs 2.9 µs
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Results Impedance Measurements MKQH
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Further improvements
Studies underwayCapacitive coupling by using metallic finger type strips: Beam impedance reduction Im{Z} and Re{Z} Reduced heating via Re{Z}
2006 Machine implementation on one MKE magnet
(2 cells out of 7 cells)
If successful: Possible full 9 MKE fast extraction kicker upgrade LSS4 and LSS6 for 2007 and beyond(in e.g. shutdowns)
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Approach II
Horizontally: 8.2 sigma SPS beamVertically: 3.2 sigma SPS beam
Alumina plates withmetallic finger strips
Ferrite
High voltage conductor Ground electrode
Bypass-insert:
Double sided comb structure
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Approach IIIStrips Printed Directly on Ferrites
Interdigital comb structure 20mm spacing
surface discharge
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Results Impedance MeasurementsSingle Kicker Cell (Approaches II and III)
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MKE / MKQH kickers
2004 Lab: Significantly reduced beam impedance! Reduced losses
Next step(s): 2005
Study vacuum high voltage breakdown discharge characteristicsTravelling wave kicker: To be X-checked
2006 SPS tests in LSS6
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Summary Very useful knowledge build-up phase ’98 –
2006 New kicker diagnostics were added over the past years.
Tests for SPS Complex Application 2003 – 2008 Confirmation of the positive impact of the upgrade of the
injectors for LHC “Old” recuperated equipment Upgraded
“modern” performance.
This is only a preliminary summary of the findings.More extended analysis + documentation required.More detailed modelling Compare measurements and simulations. Proven solutions recommendations.CERN at the frontier: bigger and ….
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Summary (continued) MKP: Rise time improvements done
Further simulations + tuning to be done Higher reproducibility needed Spare to be finalized with increased diagnostics
MKQH: Useful test-bed with proof of principle,not straight forward applicable to other kickersBeam impedance reduction realized
MKE: Further tests to be done with stripes for voltage holding, vacuum, pulse shape in 2006
beam tests Larger scale applications in 2007 …. 2008 ? If not successful New concept (Alternative new kickers, lots of $ +
my) MKE pulse specs: After lots of modifications (not possible for 2003 tests) now practically at their limit
together with damper practically fulfilling CNGS double batch specs(is damper use the definitive solution?)