ISSN0307-4811

THE 30p

VEGAN Vol.30 No.3 Autumn 1983

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CONTENTS

Vegan Culture & Agriculture - Gandhi & Goats Milk - World Food -

Vegfam - Raw Food Diet - The Social Situation - Recipes -

Shopping with Linda - News & Reviews

VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED President: Jack Sanderson: Deputy President: Serena Coles Vice-Presidents: Eva Batt, Jay Dinshah, Catherine Nimmo

Winifred Simmons, Mabel Simmons Council: Serena Coles, Christopher Hall,

Kathleen Jannaway, Kath Manners, Jack Sanderson, Grace Smith, Alpay Torgut

Hon. Treasurer : Grace Smith Hon. Secretary: Kathleen Jannaway, 47 Highlands Road,

Leatherhead, Surrey Asst. Secretary: Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn,

nr. Machynlleth, Gwynedd, SY20 9LW, Wales SUBSCRIPTIONS: Full or Associate Members or Journal Subscribers £2.00 minimum unless unwaged or sharing journal with member living at the same address, when £1.00 will be accepted. Please send to Membership Secretary, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey, KT22 8NQ. Please note Full Membership is given to practising vegans, see definition below.

EDITORS of "THE VEGAN" quarterly journal: Jack Sanderson and Kathleen Jannaway (who do not necessarily agree with all opinions expressed in it or endorse advertisements.) PUBLISHED: 21st March, June, September, December COPY REQUIRED: 1st of preceding month The Vegan Society was formed in 1944 by a group of vegetarians who had become aware of the suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to omit all animal products from their diet. Its advantages as regards human health and the wise use of the world's resources became apparent and, in 1964, it was granted Charity status. In 1979 it became a Limited Company, and its Charity status was confirmed. Its declared object is 'to further knowledge of, and interest in, sound nutrition and in veganism, and the vegan method of agriculture as a means of increasing the potential of the earth to the physical, moral and economic advantage of mankind.' Veganism is defined as a way of living on the products of the plant kingdom to the exclusion of flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, animal milk and its derivatives, (the taking of honey being left to individual conscience.) It encourages the study and use of alternatives for all commodities normally derived wholly or partly from animals. Free from commitment to any religious, political, philosophical, social, dietary or medical group, members of the Vegan Society endeavour to co-operate with all who a r e seeking a positive way forward for mankind. Full information in return for s . a . e. to Hon. Secretary, at the above address.

VEGAN CULTURE AND AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE: The science and ar t of cultivating the soil, including the gather-ing in of the crops and the rearing of live stock; farming (in the widest sense.) The above definition is taken f rom the Oxford dictionary. To be any definition of vegan culture, it would have to finish at the word 'crops ' . The vegan culture is basically a t ree culture, and the use of land to grow trees is in opposition to the use of land to grow crops to feed animals destined for the slaughterhouse. The latter process is grossly inefficient in land use in the production of protein, and causes the western nations not only to use their own land, but large par ts of the land of other countries, in order to supply themselves with flesh foods. It is quite obvious that, by the end of the century, the expected world population of 6,000,000,000 could never be fed the kind of diet that the average U. S. citizen eats today. This fact is known by the F. A. O., by governments and agricultura-l ists everywhere, yet attempts a r e being made in non-prosperous countries to spread this unfair and, in the long run, untenable system further afield. We a r e aghast at the human slaughter and mutilation which occurred in the two great wars of this century and the multitude of wars that have plagued the earth for most of man's tenancy. Yet, day in, day out, there is more suffering and death going on continuously in the poorer countries through malnutrition and lack of clean water. This is not the potential slaughter and maiming which would be caused by nuclear bombs, but the actual unnecessary slaughter going on now. Unnecessary because enough food is , and can be grown, to feed every one. The problems a r e lack of will to deal with mal-distribution, to deal with hoarders and those who selfishly exploit local situations, and to deal with the sacred cow of 'market forces.' Apart f rom the nuclear a r m ' s race , the feeding of the world's population is the world's greatest problem now, and mankind's . attention should be continuously directed towards it. Nearly every report in every country that has been issued in recent t imes on the relation between diet and health has s t ressed the advisability of cutting down the use of flesh foods and animal-derived foods, and of increasing the use of f r e sh whole foods, particularly vegetables, salads and frui t . Vested interests work-ing behind the scenes have tried to get some of these reports suppressed or pigeon-holed and, in some cases, have employed 'scientists ' to mislead and give a false slant to sections of the reports . These reports , if taken collective-ly and interpreted and applied sensibly, would make our cookery books obsolete and would revolutionise the food systems of our cafes, restaurants and hotels, and al ter our food shops, and particularly our domestic eating habits. The world food problem demands a move towards a vegan culture - that is the only way that the world's population can be fed in the future'. The medical reports on the use of animal food products advise moves towards a vegan diet and many more considerations lead to its adoption. One coming to the fore is

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the question of cruelty to animals. Although some people care for , and love their animals, the whole field of man's relation to the animal kingdom is littered with cruelties of all kinds. It is insufficiently realised that, on aver-age, when one takes the decision to become a vegan, one does more for the animal kingdom than by any other choice, for it is the food animals who bear the brunt in their lives and deaths of the vast majority of the sufferings laid at man's door. The vegan is still f ree to and, in most cases does serve the animal kingdom in other ways by giving time, service and money. The vegan culture is a tree culture, and we advise a great increase in the world's t ree population, trees for all purposes, mixed deciduous woods, fruit t rees and nut t rees , and trees for beauty and recreation, and as habitats for birds and wild creatures. We a re delighted that the city chosen for our 1983 Annual General Meeting, Liverpool, is undertaking a Major International Garden Festival in 1984 from 2nd May to 14th October. Starting back in January, 1982, an eyesore, a derelict site which included a disused dock, a refuse dump and 3 former petroleum tank sites, is to be converted into a garden paradise, with 34 British Theme gardens, stunning water displays, a 440 yard esplanade on the bank of the River Mersey, a large grass bowl arena, a magnificent translucent Festival. Hall and lots of other attractions. A mini-village with houses in different styles will have gardens that illustrate the different ways to create colour and excitement in urban areas . 250 acres of severely degraded land is being brought back into use. The Festival is more than a horticultural event - it is a catalyst for the regeneration of derelict dock-land for, af ter the Festival, much of it will remain as a permanent feature, whilst about half will be used for housing and science-based industry in a park-land setting. (More news in a later issue.) We attach great importance to the use of the land, and particularly applaud Elaine and Alan Garrett for their initiative in producing the Vegan Self-Sufficiency Network (V. S. S. N.) Newsletters (No. 8 in July - August). We a re trying to link those who wish to try growing food by veganic methods and those who can offer land for horticultural purposes. V. S. S. N. can help in this too. In a few years we hope to have a series of demonstration vegan plots in every region. (Laurence has done excellent work in building up the network of Local Representatives and more recently has been working on the Regional idea.) Just as the cow has provided meat, milk, leather and fer t i l i sers , e tc . , so the t rees and vegetables can be used for multi-purposes too, and it is with them, non-animal renewable sources, that the future lies. Already they can supply food, fuel and most of our needs and, as yet, their potential has hardly been touched by research. If a small fraction of the money wasted on armaments was deflected into tree and plant food research, the earth, including the deserts , could be transformed into a fruitful and beautiful garden.

J . Sanderson

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GANDHI and goats milk. From 'The Vegan' Spring 1948 - written just af ter Gandhi's assassination

GANDHI had not always had the great popularity which he latterly enjoyed in this country. His assassination has greatly increased that popularity, p e r -haps even more than his dea;th through fasting might have done. Yet, whilst all the world mourns his loss and all unite in praise of his noble character , whilst he is acclaimed as the greatest Indian saint since Buddha and the slight-est cri t icism of him or his conduct arouses much righteous indignation, and whilst many marvel at his ascetic diet, vegans cannot help asking for the last time, "Why did this great and good man drink goats' mi lk?" Dugald Semple put this question to Gandhi himself when the latter visited England in the autumn of 1931, and reported then of his host: "In his presence one felt the loving influence of a great and pure soul, of one who was simple and childlike in his manner, and who tried to see and express truth in its high-est a spec t s . " In answer to Dugald's question, Gandhi said that he had lived for years without taking any milk at al l , but that eventually he had been obliged to include goats' milk in his diet for health reasons. He believed, on medical authority, that he could not get the indispensable Vitamin A from plant foods: it did not seem to occur to him that vegetarian animals must get their Vitamin A from this source. Dugald assured him that we can procure all the Vitamin A we need straight f rom the vegetable kingdom, and quoted what Professor Plimmer said on this subject: "Vitamins a r e produced in plants, and any found in animals have come f rom their plant food. Vegetarians have one advantage over meat-eaters , that they get their vitamins direct from the plants. " When Dugald told Gandhi that he had not used any dairy produce during a period of ten years , Gandhi agreed that it was possible for a strong man to live in this way, and he hoped to do so again in the future. Further light has been thrown on this subject recently by an Indian who knew Gandhi. She said that, when he found out about the cruelty involved in the production of cows' milk, he vowed never to drink it again. He was par t icular-ly sorry for the calves, because the cowmen did not let them have as much milk a s they needed. The male calves were often starved to death; the females were better treated a s they were destined to become dairy cows. Gandhi kept his vow for several years . Then, once, when he was very ill, his relat ives, friends and medical adviser implored him to take milk to save his life, a s they believed. He held out against them for some time. Yet it must be most exhausting, when you a r e ill , to withstand such loving pressure , especially when you a r e told that your country's welfare depends on your survival. When no persuasion prevailed, somebody had the bright idea that Gandhi's vow only applied to cows' milk, which was all he had in mind when he made it. Therefore, he was still f r ee to take goats' milk. The Mahatma accepted the compromise and took goats' milk ever since then.

Logically, there is no sense in this compromise and, in blunt English, it seems a mere quibble, though, to do him justice, Gandhi had an idea that kids fared better than calves. Yet, if it is wrong to exploit cows for their milk, it is equally wrong to exploit goats, for the same evils a r e inherent in both cases. The only difference is that the exploitation of cows has been more commercialised and is- on a much larger scale, at least in this country. If you keep only one goat for its milk or if you keep many, the same problem ar i ses - how to dispose of the surplus male kids. Some years ago, the writer met a man who was self-supporting with his garden and his goats. When ask-ed how he solved this problem, he replied that he had a butcher friend who obligingly despatched unwanted kids for him.. Thus he was doing what most f lesh-eaters do - killing by proxy. Surely it is far more satisfactory to live in a way that dispenses with the butcher's help altogether. Gandhi thought in 1931 that one day he might do this; now it is too late. Nobody knows whether Gandhi would have died had he flatly refused to break his vow or make any concessions. His life had so often hung on a single slender thread, yet he had recovered. It is probable that he had indeed been trying to live on an inadequate dairy-free diet. His friends would say, of course, that his life was far too precious to run r isks. But, later on, af ter the cris is had passed, he might have tried to do something about it. He might, for instance, have profited from the advice and experience of his Scottish friend in 1931, by adopting a simple, scientifically sufficient, dairy-free diet, but he did not do so. Did he thus miss an opportunity of further benefitting the human race, already much indebted to him? We think that he did. He was a wonderful man. Might he have been even more wonderful ? In his address to The London Vegetarian Society in November, 1931, Gandhi said: "It is the spirit in man for which we a re concerned. Therefore, vegetarians should have that moral basis - that a man was not born a carnivor-ous animal, but born to live on the herbs that the earth grows. I know we must all e r r . I would give up milk if I could, but I cannot. I have made that experiment times without number. I could not, af ter a serious illness, regain my strength unless I went back to milk. That has been the tragedy of my life. "

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * $ $ % Marion Reed. Now over 35 years later with all the experience of vegan living to guide him Gandhi might have managed. The science of nutrition has certainly progressed. We know now that , although Vitamin A is not present in plants, the human body is able to make it from carotene in red and yellow frui ts and vegetables and in dark greens. Was it B12, not identified in his day that he lacked ? He was certainly fastidiously clean and would have been unlikely to get it from any con-tamination of food. Perhaps it was the general ascetism of his life style and the severity of his self-discipline that made it difficult for him to maintain health. Certainly his appreciation of the vegan ideal can inspire us in these easier days when we know the importance of " a wide variety of plant-foods, a good proportion taken raw, and a dietary source of B12. "

K. Jannaway 4

WORLD FOOD DAY An educational pack of 11 panels ( l l "by 16") with arguments, fiacts and charts, plus 7 picture panels is now ready for World Food Day, October 16th. It is hoped that a s many members as possible will get it displayed in their a reas . Although prepared from a vegan point of view the facts a r e mostly from FAO sources so it is hoped that it will be acceptable to non-vegan groups and that it will thus be used in schools, l ibraries and church halls. Supporting leaflets and booklets a r e available from the Vegan Society and requests for help with display expenses will be considered. Perhaps those who cannot help otherwise will send special donations towards the cost of the project.The text, contracted, follows . Numbers correspond with the panels.

1. THE PROBLEM The Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nat-ions estimates that there were 435 million seriously undernourished people in the mid 1970s, that, if present trends continue, there will be 510 million by 1990 and 590 million by 2,000. Behind these cold'statistics lie dying children and parents too weak to care for them. There is more food being produced in the world today than ever before- and more hunger. This is not only because there a r e more people but because priority is not being given to using essential resources to feed them. If we care enough to use the essential resources of LAND, WATER, FERTILISER, ENERGY and HUMAN INGENUITY to grow the right plants in the right way and to see that their products a r e available to the people who need them, then all can have food and other necess-ities - and without putting an intolerable burden on the environment. BUT IT MEANS CHANGING OUR HABITS NOW.

2. THE ROLE OF PLANTS Only plants can ta:ke the carbondioxide from the a i r and water from the earth to make the carbohydrates on which all animals incl-uding man depend for their energy. Only plants can add minerals from the soil to synthesise the proteins that build up their bodies and those of animals. Some animals, rabbits, sheep, cows eat plants direct. Others, lions, foxes eat plants 'second hand'by eating other animals. In Nature a balance has been kept. Now humans who physically a r e most like the fruit , shoot , nut eating apes have become archpredators. They have upset the balance of nature by deliberately breeding the millions of animals that they feed on, all of which have to be fed on plant products.

3. ANIMAL PRODUCTS In some areas of the world and at some stages of devel-opment, animal products a r e justifiably used to feed people but they a r e now recognised a s unnecessary for human health and their production is most waste-

ful of the resources that must be used with the utmost economy if the growing millions of people a r e to be fed and their other needs satisfied. At present our wasteful feeding habits a r e spreading fast through the world arousing a revo-lution of rising expectations that cannot possibly be satisfied within the limit-

ations of the planet. All nutrients necessary for health can be got from plant products.

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4. LAND Deliberately bred animals use large -areas of land (even if shut up in factory farms their food has to be grown somewhere) which will be needed more and more to meet human needs. An American type diet, with its large pro-portion of animal products, requires an average of 0.62 hectares per person. A veg3.n diet, using plant products directly (i. e. without passing them through animals and eating as meat, milk, cheese and eggs), requires an average 0.08 hectares per person.

5. LAND IN BRITAIN Britain is one of the most densely populated a reas of the world, yet all her present population could be fed from a quarter of the present agricultural land if plant crops were grown for direct human consumption. This would leave wide a reas for wild life, recreation, biofuels, besides sufficient for roads, houses and other purposes. At present over 90% of the agricultural land supports livestock and, in addition, feed is imported, some from countries where millions of hungry people live. As the rest of the world industrialises and its population grows British people will have to grow their own food on their own land. LAND OVERSEAS So little do we understand the basic situation that we use land overseas not only for feed for our livestock and foods for ourselves but also for all kinds of unnecessary luxury crops that we would be healthier without. Profits from these go mostly through multi-national companies to investors in the rich countries. Such foreign exchange as is earned by developing countries goes to ra ise the standard of living (including more animal products) of the minority of r icher elite, or to buy a rms and prestige symbols. Very little f i l ters down to the millions of poor. Many of them have lost their land to the multinational companies and the big landowners, and suffer hunger and disease in the shanty towns. TRADE SHOULD BE IN SURPLUS ONLY AFTER NEEDS HAVE BEEN MET. Land must go f i rs t to people to ra ise food for themselves. Fair incentives and help must be given to them to grow extra for the towns' people whose f i rs t priority should be to provide the necessary goods and services for the food growers.

6. WATER land is no use without water. Especially needed is small scale schemes that can bring both safe drinking water and irrigation to village communities and small fa rmers . BUT excessive use of well water amounts to a dangerous 'living off of capital' unless trees a r e grown to maintain the water table. Carefully selected and nurtured varieties can be grown in a reas des-cribed a s 'fit only for animal grazing'. (Britain was once covered with t rees , not grass!) Other varieties of t rees can reclaim the desert and produce abundant food that requires no cooking.

7. FERTILISERS Nutrients taken up from the soil by plants must be replaced. The use of artificial fer t i l isers (N. P. K.) has escalated since the war greatly increasing crop yield, but they can adversely affect the balance of nutrients in the food produced, can damage soil structure and contribute to erosion, and can pollute the environment. Organic fer t i l isers f rom plant and animal wastes a r e

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superior in that they supply balanced low cost nutrients on the spot. These improve the soil, especially its water holding capacity, and prevent erosion. Animal manures can only be produced if the animals have plants to feed them, thus usi ng resources that could feed people. Vegan compost and green manuring techniques a r e adequate to maintain fertility.

8. ENERGY AND TOOLS Western methods of agriculture a r e dependent on energy from non-renewable fossil fuels (or expensive and dangerous nuclear power) for its machines, pesticides and herbicides that replace human labour. Yet human muscle power is a resource that is increasing rapidly. Should it be allowed to rot in shanty towns or waste in factories producing unnecessary luxuries? Given proper tools, support and land, small fa rmers can do better than mechanised agriculturists. LAND FOR BIOFUELS A new threat is menacing the earth 's ability to feed people. Land is being used to grow arable crops (wheat, sugar, manioc) to turn into petrol substitutes for the rich. This trend unchecked will lead to more starvation and more environmental destruction. Instead, t rees that protect and improve the environment, must be grown on land used to feed animals bred for meat and dairy products. They can be harvested on a sus-tained yield basis to produce gas, electricity and liquid fuel. *

9. "THE MOST VALUABLE TOOL and the most abundant of natural resources is the human mind", so writes the author of the F. A. O. "AGRICULTURE TOWARD 2,000." But the human mind is only a tool. Used in the vain attempt to make a Western style diet available for all it can only destroy the environ-ment. Confining animal products to the powerful it can only lead to social unrest and war. We must make every endeavour to raise the prestige value of the vegan diet. "The earth can produce enough for everyman's need but not for

Visit the National Centre for Alternative Technology, Machynlleth, Wales and see the Biofuel project sponsored by the Vegan Society : wood waste provides current for an electric f i re .

V E G F A M VEGFAM is a "Famine Relief" Charity (Registration No. 232208) which pro-vides food of vegetable origin - or the means to grow it - for the Hungry. The chief victims of food shortages a r e children, so the Trustees - Ruth Howard and her son Friedenstern, a Water Resources Engineer - a r e most interested in aiding various on-going child feeding schemes besides helping victims of the more spectacular emergencies due to crop failure or man-made calamities.

his greed" Gandhi. Kathleen Jannaway.

*

K. Jannaway.

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Where appropriate Vegfam has funded the purchase of grain/vegetable seeds for replant af ter drought, e tc . , and the provision - for the long term. - of young 'food t rees ' for desert reclamation, such a s Caroband Macadamia Nut. Neither plants nor people can exist without water, and Vegfam has made funds available from time to time for irrigation/wells, e. g. irrigation for a Women's co-operative vegetable production scheme in Lesotho, and 'food for work' well-digging in M i a . Vegfam for some years has been funding various drought relief schemes in East Africa - Eri trea - feeding refugees; Somalia - feeding refugees and sinking wells; Ethiopia - Teff for replant, sinking wells and, in this current famine, feeding the starving people wit h local grain and vegetables. Nowadays reduplication of fieldworkers is avoided a s much as possible and money for the relief of famine cr ises is often channelled through a central fund. For example, in the Bihar Famine of 1966 Christian Aid supervised Vegfam's contribution, which fed 66,000 mothers and children for two weeks, while in the famine resulting from the setting up of Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan) the Red Cross, Geneva, held the purse for the various funding charities. For relief in the Nigeria/Biafra cr is is , the Dublin based charity now called 'Concern' took soya flour f rom Vegfam along with their own foodstuff. More recently this charity has arranged, with Vegfam's support, various schemes, such as 'Dark Green Leafy Vegetables' for infants in Bangladesh to avoid the prevalent blindness due to lack of vitamin 'A', and a Nursery scheme in Tanzania propagating fruit/nut t rees for villagers. Friedenstern Howard serves on the Council of 'Concern Universal', the London based equivalent of 'Concern' (Dublin.) An exciting break-through in child nutrition of recent years is Leaf Protein production. The work, pioneered by Dr. Pirie of Rothamsted Plant Research Station was taken tp by Dr. Mrs. R. Devadas of the Agricultural College of Coimbatore, South India, who ran extensive three year trials involving three hundred pre-school children. This work now proceeds on a regular basis. The Leaf Protein is extracted from locally grown Lucerne (Medicago sativa), a perennial like clover, giving many cuttings each year. The Leaf Protein is readily consumed by children in nursery schools in the form of a powder mixed with their usual food. This Leaf Protein contains all eight 'essential ' amino acids, plus a generous supply of minerals and is very similar to milk in food values. Further schemes a re under way in Sri Lanka and Mexico and 'Find Your Feet' - the organisation responsible - is planning others. The Trustees (who personally pay the running expenses of Vegfam) thank all the generous supporters who make VEGFAM's achievements possible. VEGFAM's address is "The Sanctuary", Lydford, Nr. Okehampton, Devon, EX20 4AL. (Tel. No. 082 282 203 or Hitchin (0462) 56294.)

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BOOKS FOR SALE: The first 4 titles with WORLD FOOD DAY in mind: FOOD FOR A FUTURE by Jon Wynne Tyson: a comprehensive case for vegetarianism and veganism, vividly expressed with facts fefigures. £1.75 FOOD: NEED, GREED and MYOPIA by Geoffrey Yates 1. 85 PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN HEALTH with special reference to the diseases of affluence and the needs of the developing world.

J . W. Dickerson, Professor Human Nutrition, University Surrey . 35p. THE ROLE OF PLANT FOODS IN FEEDING MANKIND

by Arnold Bender, Professor Nutrition, University of London .45p. "WHAT'S COOKING?" by Eva Batt, now famous cook-book and food guide, with over 300 recipes and hints. Valued in thousands of homes. 3.50 FIRSTHAND: FIRST RATE: by K. Jannaway. 5 doz. recipes and ideas for an economical diet, plus self-sufficienty gardening hints. . 65p. INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL VEGANISM by K. Jannaway.

"with Vegan Dairy" by L. Main. . 50p. PIONEERS - inspiring reminiscences of early vegans (plus menus) . 50p. THE VEGAN WAY - Why? and How? by ten very different vegans

with recipes and menus . 60p. VEGAN MOTHERS and CHILDREN by 10 vegan mothers & reports on recent

research on vegan pregnancy, lactation and under-fives. . 70p. VEGAN NUTRITION by Drs. Ellis and Sanders Scientific assessments of the diet, plus easy to follow tables . 90p. VEGETARIAN HANDBOOK by Rodger Doyle Guide to vegetarian and vegan nutrition 3.90 VEGANISM - SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS by T. A. B. Sanders. Text of the 5th Dr. Freiy Ellis Memorial Lecture . 40p. FOR A FUTURE, MORE SANE, MORE HUMANE - four essays, a letter, a song and a prayer by Reul Lahmer, whose writings in "The Vegan" will be known to readers . Give for a special Christmas season card? Reduction for several. . 45p. ALL PRICES INCLUDE POSTAGE AND PACKING Please order f rom L. Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, MACHYNLLETH, SY20 9LW, NOT from Leatherhead. Cheques to : Vegan Society Ltd. Please send items ticked. I enclose cheque/p. o. for £ Name: Addresss

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Please use caps.

WHAT ELSE IS COOKING ? FURTHER ADVENTURES IN COOKING WITH COMPASSION

- a new cookery book by Eva Batt, well known author of 'What's Cooking?', the f i rs t vegan cookery book, now in its fourth re-print and selling better than ever. After 'What's Cooking?' What Else has the author to say about Good Eating? A great deall - the results of nine years experimenting with new vegan dishes. With a couple of notable, essential exceptions, all the recipes - for soups, salads, savouries, desser ts , cakes and biscuits, a r e new. In addition, there is a chapter on 'In Place of Dairy Products' and a considerable amount of help-ful information on food values, and personal tips, nutritionally sound, for preparing delicious meals and snacks for everyone. With this book Eva lays to rest once and for all the myth that vegans must endure a Spartan diet of nut cutlets and bean broth. They can live well on a varied diet of luscious fruits , vegetables, nuts, seeds and grains, prepared with imagination and spiced with thought and care for others. There is a convenient index and sugar f ree and uncooked items a r e clearly marked. A s the irihumane practices inseparable from the dairy and the poultry as well as the meat industries become widely known, more and more people a r e seek-ing a diet that they can enjoy in the knowledge that no other life has been taken nor creature exploited to provide it. Attractively produced, with an easy-clean cover beautifully designed by Geoffrey Rudd, lie-flat binding and lively illustrations, the book will be pub-

lished in good time for the ideal Xmas gift. The low price has been made poss-ible by the fact that the author 's services have been given freely. All proceeds will go to further the work of the Vegan Society. Price £3.45 plus 50p, p&p ORDER NOW IN TIME FOR A COMPASSIONATE CHRISTMAS SEASON AND

NEW YEAR To the Asst. Secretary of the Vegan Society: 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Nr. MACHYNLLETH, SY20 9LW. Please send copy/copies of "WHAT ELSE IS COOKING?" to:

I enclose my cheque for £3.95 to cover the cost and postage and packing. 10

R A W F O O D DIET There is a rapidly growing interest in the therapeutic value of raw fruit and vegetables, and they a r e being prescribed with encouraging results in the t reat-ment of several diseases, most notably cancer. What a r e the 'pros and cons' for the general adoption of a diet consisting wholly of foods unprocessed even by simple cooking? Cooking can render more available certain nutrients - Pro-vitamin A in carrots , the B vitamin, niacin, in cereals. It can make grains and other starchy foods more digestible by bursting the plant cell walls, so releasing the starch. It can destroy harmful chemical compounds in beans. It can render coarse outer leaves and tough roots edible. It kills dangerous pathogens. It decreases bulk and therefore enables a higher intake of energy providing foods. This is especially important for young children whose stomachs may not be able to deal with sufficient amounts of uncooked foods. All these points a r e important to people especially concerned with an economical diet. For most people cooking adds to the palatability of meals, although this may be largely due to habit. Hot food in cold weather certainly has positive psycho-logical value. It adds to the variety available. Cooked meals a r e so engrain-ed in the Western cultures that the social difficulties of strict adherence to an all raw diet would be great. However, it is also true that cooking destroys certain nutrients, especially Vitamin C, insufficient intake of which is probably common, and folic acid, a B Vitamin which is very sensitive to heat and is particularly important in the nutrition of pregnant women. Some people believe with religious fervour that the vitality of 'living foods' can be passed on to the consumer with effects of paramount importance. Their belief probably has a positive effect on their health. Cooking requires the use of energy in the form of non-renewable fossil fuels or electricity from nuclear power. In the Third World the constant use of wood for cooking is dangerously reducing tree cover. The tree crops of fruits and nuts that comprise a large part of the raw food diet yield the greatest bulk of food per acre , and trees a r e most valuable in preserving soil structure and controlling the water cycle. Raw food requires less time in preparation and can simplify the process of feeding. It avoids the additives of processed foods. There is evidence that the sprouting of beans and grains can deal with the poisons in beans and improve the digestibility of proteins and starches in a similar manner to cooking. Thorough washing can remove most pathogens from food (though perhaps not all), and nut milks made by grinding nuts and whizzing them in water and nut creams can facilitate the taking of increased

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bulk and thus increase energy intakes. Coarse inedible parts of plants need not be wasted - they can go for compost. An important objection to the following, in Britain, of a diet that includes large amounts of raw fruit , is that it could rely unjustifiably on imports from tropic-al countries where insufficient food is grown for local people. There seems no good reason for doubting that sufficient nutrients can be had from an all raw food diet, providing that a variety of nuts, seeds, f rui ts , vegetables - especially green leaves - a r e taken, and sufficient bulk can be managed to ensure required energy intake. The sprouting of seeds is especial-ly important during winter months in temperate climes and the sprouting of grains adds valuable variety. Serious complications could a r i se if no dietary source of B12 is used. Presumably the dried algae Spirulina, now marketed in this country (see ad-verts. ) would be acceptable. To go further and attempt to live on the pulp of fruit alone seems to have little to commend it except perhaps for short periods. A leaflet on the Fruitarian diet is available in return for 20p. stamp from the Vegan Society, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey. Please state whether you have already had our f ree pack of leaflets. There a r e few people known to have maintained health on a completely raw food diet for long and, since individuals vary so much in. their needs and abilities, it is wrong to make sweeping claims - or cri t icisms. In view of the economical character of the raw food diet, so long a s it does not depend too much on imports, it may be good to encourage disciplined pioneers to follow it and record their experiences. If it is shown to be adequate for a sufficient number of different types of people and if_ sufficient prestige can be given the diet for it to become popular in over-populated regions of the tropics blessed with wonderful t ree crops, it could make a valuable contribution towards a solution of the world food and fuel problem.

S U G G E S T E D M E N U S BREAKFAST: Oatmeal, soaked overnight in water. Dried fruit

varied from day to day. Grated sunflower or sesame seeds. Apple.

LUNCH: Nuts (almonds regularly for riboflavin), dried fruit . Raw fruit .

SUPPER: Sprouted grains and beans. Salad with a variety of plant parts and always red and dark green items. Raw fruit salad and nut cream. Lemon and oil dressing if calories need to be increased.

Spirulina dried algae tablets or yeast extracts, or tablets for B]^.

12

QUANTITIES Quantities of food necessary on any diet vary greatly with individual needs and capacities. There has been little research into the effects of a long term all raw food diet. However, as a guide to anyone wanting to embark on the diet it can be said that 3 - 6 oz. oats, 2 - 4 oz. seeds, 2 - 4 oz. nuts, 8 - 12 oz. salad including sprouts, 2 - 4 oz. dried fruits, 16 - 20 oz. raw fruit should be sufficient for an adult, sedentary women inclining to the lower levels, men to the higher. Men doing heavy physical work may still find energy intakes low.

THE VEGAN METHOD OF AGRICULTURE- the Vegan Society is committed to furthering interest in and knowledge of this. Projects a re needed in many parts of the country to demonstrate that a fifth ofan acre ( approx. 3 allotments) can yield enough food for a vegan, that soil fertility can be maintained without ani-mal manure and to investigate the nutritional value of crops grown with vegan compost only as compared with those grown with artificial fer t i l isers , pes t i -cides and herbicides. Allotment holders or owners of large gardens could help if they agreed to grow certain crops and to keep careful records. Guidance would be given as to what crops to grow to reach recommended nutr-ient levels. (No need to limit yourself to eating only these!) It is hoped that it will be possible to get samples analysed for reasonable sums. Lawrence Hills, Henry Doubleday Research Association, Convent Lane, Booking Bralntree, Essex publishes useful material about allotmenst & food growing. (p22) There is also a possibility of a project in Kent that would require workers to commit themselves for definite periods. Caravan accommodation and travelling and other expenses would be provided. If you a r e f ree and can work hard, please contact the V e g a n Self Sufficiency Network, 115 Eastern Rd, Milton, Portsmouth. Hants. P03 6EJ It is most important that vegan compost only should be used - with perhaps seaweed. So many vegans seem unaware that 'organic' food can mean grown with the aid of blood, bone & hoof a s well a s animal manure. Similarly many fail to realise that most shop-bought food has been produced with the help of violent methods of dealing with 'pests' . For most people it is impossible to 'grow your own' but all can help to encourage and spread the right ideas.

Recently potential growers have been dissuaded by published dangers of lead and other pollutants. Comfort can be taken from the fact that the healthy body can deal with a certain amount of these, that vegans do not consume the amounts that

'build-up' in animal products, and that home grown foods can certainly have considerably lower levels of undesirable chemicals than most shop-bought ones.

K..Jannaway 13

A U T U M N W E E K E N D OCTOBER 21st - 23rd, 1983: at the new FRIENDS MEETING HOUSE, PARADISE STREET,

LIVERPOOL

Fr i . Oct. 21st, 6 pm Help Yourself Supper at the Meeting House. 7 pm Public Meeting, Talk by Jack Sanderson, President of

the Vegan Society and film. Sat. Oct. 22nd, 9.45 am Members of the Liverpool Group will lead a Treasure

Trail to places of interest in the City. 12.30 noon, Help Yourself Lunch at the Meeting House. 1.30 pm. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, followed by trolley

tea and an address by MARGARET LAWSON of THE FELLOWSHIP OF LIFE. After a Help Yourself Supper and Social Time , there will be "News from the Groups" and a cup of tea from the trolley. Sun Oct. 23rd 9.45 Visits to the famous Liverpool Cathedrals and/or Meeting for Worship 11. 00 am at the Friends Meeting House. 12. OOp. m. Collect packed lunches from the Meeting House

ACCOMMODATION YMCA.56 Mount Pleasant, 15 mins. walk from the Meeting House. Women as well as men a re welcomed. B&B £6.50 single room, £5.50 double. Also FLOOR Accommodation, bring your own sleeping bag, £3.00 B&B per person.

no cots. Please send cheques to , Liverpool, as soon as possible.

HOLIDAY INN Paradise Street, Liverpool, Tel. (051)709 0181. Opposite the Meeting House. B&B £25.00 single, £15.00 double. Children sharing parents ' room a re charged £2.50 for breakfast. FULL PROGRAMME from Mrs. Jean Maguire address above. SAE please. FOURTH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF THE VEGAN SOCIETY LTD Notice is hereby repeated that the 4th Annual General Meeting of the Vegan Society Limited (No. 1468880) will be held at 1. 30pm, October 22nd, 1983 at Friends Meeting House, Paradise Street, Liverpool tO:-lxeceive the Report of the Council & the Accounts of the year ending June 30 1983 2elect the Council (nominations in writing must be received by the Secretary at 47 Highlands Rd. Leatherhead, Surrey, not before October 1st and not later than October 19th, and be accompanied by a written consent to serve from the nominee and a statement,not exceeding 50 words, of past services to the Society and willingness to co-operate fully in the work of the Council.) 3. elect President, Deputy President and Vice Presidents. 4. appoint Bryden Johnson & Co. as auditors and authorise the Council to fix their remuneration. 5. to consider Proposals for Resolutions which must have been received by August 1st.

14

End to End Walk. P R O G R E S S R E P O R T As we write this, we have now walked more than 800 miles, and thousands of people have heard about the alternatives to animal abuse, through leaflets, conversations, or the 6 radio stations and 30-odd newspapers which have covered the walk so fa r . By the time you read this we shall have reached Land's End, so now is the time to send in any sponsorship money you have collected to the address below. Many thanks for your support - we shall let you know the final sum raised for the Vegan Society, Vegfam and the Dr. Hadwen Trust for Humane Research. Walking through the countryside has contained both joy and sorrow for us. We were delighted to see the new-born lambs trying out their unsteady limbs - and grieved to see sheep walking on their knees due to foot-rot, and lambs crippled with an arthri t is-l ike disease, the result of being kept in wet conditions in an alien environment. When we reported the distress of a crippled lamb it was merely taken further up the hill to die, out of sight of any other passers-by. We have vivid memories of a cow which had bellowed herself hoarse, calling for her calf, and of the squealing of pigs a s they were poked and prodded out of a lorry and into a sausage factory. In contrast there was the tranquility of Loch Lomond-side, a mixed woodland carpeted with bluebells, where we frequently caught sight of wild goats - they have become naturalised after being abandoned by their owners in the 18th Century. Not all of the countryside is so beautiful. At times we have walked all day through barren, over-grazed moorland, without finding a single tree to shelter under. We've headed for the only splattering of green on our map, to find a dark, impenetrable plantation of foreign conifers, devoid of undergrowth or wildlife. Even this must be blamed on the vast land demands of rearing animals for food - 71% of our precious land is devoted just to feeding them I A word about footwear. We have worn both Winit's CB and their Fellwalka boots, and found them surprisingly durable. The Fellwalka, with its 'kyra' upper, is very light and supple, and did not need any breaking in, unlike the CB. They a r e basically waterproof, and we've had offers to exchange foot-wear f rom other walkers with sodden leather weighing down their every step! They a r e available from Westsports (see advert.) We can also recommend their Rohner 80% cotton socks, which a r e padded underfoot for comfort, but thinner elsewhere for coolness. Here is the address for sending in your sponsorship money. Please make cheques payable to "End to End Walk". (We have met all our own expenses on the walk, so your m ull to the charities.) End to End Walk, c /o Mrs. E. Howlett, , Reading, RG3 IDA.

Liz and Steve Shiner 15

RECIPES Adapted from recipes by M. Rawls in early "Vegans": STUFFED TOMATOES: It is best to use large firm tomatoes for this savoury. Cut a thin'sllce off the top of each and scoop out the pulp, taking care not to break the skin. Put the tomato cases on a flat greased dish. To the pulp add sufficient nuts or sun-flower seeds and breadcrumbs and a little grated raw onion to make a fairly stiff mixture. Actl a few mixed herbs, and scoop the mixture back into the tomato cases. Bake in a hot oven for about 20 mins. Or can be eaten raw. VEGETABLE BALLS: (Quantities for 2) 4 oz. mashed potatoes medium finely grated onion 4 oz. nuts or sunflower seeds Herbs and yeast extract to taste Mash all the ingredients well together, form into balls and roll in ground nuts or seeds. NUTMEAT JELLY: 8 oz. ground nuts or sunflower seeds Yeast extract to taste 1 large grated onion \ pint vegetable stock or water 1 tsp. mixed herbs 1 good tsp. Gelozone (See 'Shopping 1 tbsp. finely chopped parsley Page . ' ) Stir together all ingredients except Gelozone and liquid. Mix Gelozone to smooth paste with a little cold liquid, boil up rest of liquid and stir in. Simmer for about a minute. Pour over rest of ingredients. Press Into flat dish and leave to set. When cold cut into squares and serve with salad. BAKED FRUIT PUDDING: 6 oz. breadcrumbs 2 oz. sugar 1 oz. ground nuts or sunflower seeds 1 lb. apples 2 oz. fat 4 oz. dates Put the apples (partly cooked if necessary) together with chopped dates in a greased pie-dish. Cream the fat and sugar together, add the breadcrumbs and nuts. Spread the mixture over the fruit and bake in a moderate oven for about ^-hr. SUNFLOWER SEEDS are considerably cheaper than nuts, can be home-grown and compare well in food value. They can be used in any recipe requiring nuts.

COMPOSITION PER 100 GRAMS EDIBLE PORTION Energy

Calories Fat Protein pro

Vlt.A In Units

Thiamin Bj mgs.

Riboflavin B 2 mgs.

Niacin mgs.

Calcium mgs.

Iron mgs.

Almonds 598 54.2 18.6 0 .24 .92 3 .5 234 4 .7 Filberts 634 62.4 12. 6 - .46 - . 9 209 3 .4 Sunflower 560 47.3 24.0 50 1. 96 .23 5 .4 120 7.1 seeds

16

Sent in by members. SESAME QUICHE (6 portions) Line flan tin with pastry and bake for 10 mins. Then add filling and bake for about 20 mins. until filling has set. 375° Gas. Filling: £ pint diluted Plamil 2 tsp. agar agar (or Gelozone.) juice \ lemon black pepper to taste salt to taste 1 crushed clove garlic 1 onion (chopped) 1 Tbs. soya flour \ red pepper (chopped) 1 tomato (chopped into V8ths 2 oz. sesame seeds | oz. margarine

(roasted and ground) Fry onion, red pepper and tomato in about g oz. margerine or oil until soft. Add lemon juice to lamil (it will curdle), then add salt and black pepper. Then add all other ingredients, adding the agar agar last. Mix together well and pour into pie crust. Bake as above. This savoury flan has a cheesy flavour and is very nice eaten hot or cold. _ „ „ , , J . McBride VEGETABLES IN HOT PEANUT BUTTER SAUCE £ lb. each of carrots and parsnips (cubed); 1 turnip (cubed very small). Sauce: 3 Tbs. peanut butter 2 tsp. chilli sauce 2 Tbs. sesame oil 1 Tbs. tomato puree 2 Tbs. soya sauce 4 Tbs. stock 2 tsp. sugar Trim, clean and scrape the vegetables. Cube and cook in boiling water until as-you-like-them. Drain and keep warm. Mix the sauce mixture in a pan and heat gently on a low heat. Stir continuously for 21 mins. until the ingredients a r e well blended. Pour sauce evenly over the vegetables, garnish with parsley and serve. r . Gentle PORRIDGE OAT BISCUITS (makes approx. 35) 2 oz. wholewheat flour 3 oz. sugar 8 oz. porridge oats pinch salt 5 oz. margarine water to bind Cream marg and sugar together, add the dry ingredients and mix well. The mixture should start to come together. Add about a tablespoonful of water to bind into a stiff dough. Roll out to 2 cm. thick and cut into rounds. Bake on an oiled sheet for 30 mins. at 170°C. Additions: I usually add 1 oz. sesame seeds, 2 oz. mixed fruit or 1 tsp. mijced spice. Nuts and sunflower seeds a re also good. C. McCarthy

SAUCES. We have had a request for recipes for sauces. Please send any that you have found particularly successful and we will publish a selection.

17

M E E T I N G S A N D E X H I B I T I O N S October 16th and the following week, and/or One World Week, October 22-29 Displays of the Vegan Society World Food Pack- ALL OVER THE COUNTRY libraries, schools, church halls, empty shops - wherever people can manage. BIOFUELS - still time to visit the National Centre for Alternative Technology and see the project sponsored by the Vegan Society. NATURE CURE CLINIC Evening lectures during the winter will be held at the Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place, London Wl. 5 mins Baker Street Underground, behind Marylebone Church. Not at Friends House. Details from the Clinic. COOKERY DEMONSTRATION Vegan and also gluten f ree . Thursday. Oct. 6th at 6.30 p. m. Nature Cure Clinic,address above. Details-L. Latham c/o Clinic. VEGAN DIET COURSES &t . October 15th & Wed. Oct. 26th, 9.30 for 10 a. m. until 8 p. m. at Richmond Adult College, Surrey, few minutes walk Richmond Station. Lectures and demonstrations, chance to discuss informally. Lunch, tea, supper & Course fee £8.00 inclusive. Full details f rom Vegan Society, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey. (SAE,please) not the College. LONDON MEETINGS Mondays, Oct. 17th and Nov. 14th, 6.30-9.30. Fred Tallant Hall, 153 Drummond St., off Melton St. west side of Euston Station. Informal discussions. Contributions of food and drink welcome but please come anyway. ONE WORLD WEEK EVENT. Tues.Oct. 25, 7 p . m . onwards. St. James Church, Piccadilly. Evening of varied events and exhibitions to raise consciousness of collective need and measures to meet it. Offers of help especially as regards food wanted - ideas and practical help. Contact Lily Latham, c /o Rectory, 197 Piccadilly, W1V 9LF (01 734 0956) WEEKEND COOKERY COURSE - VEGAN. Nov 4th-6th, Preston Montford Field Centre, Mont ry. £40.00 with full accommodation. Apply Joan Bryan, , Usk, Gwent NP5 1SZ ANIMAL FAIR Sa 11.30-5.00. Offers of help please to Serena Coles, , Surrey. MARCH & DEMONSTRATION. Royal Smithfield Show. Sun. Dec. 4th. Details f rom Vegetarian Society, 53 Marloes Road, London, SWS 1984 FREY ELLIS MEMORIAL LECTURE Thursday, May 3rd, evening. Friends Meeting House, St Martins Lane .Westminster. Prof. David Hall on "BIOFUELS".

Informal magazine by vegans for vegans and sympathisers. Articles,poems and letters. £2.00 for four issues. 50p l - G l l M C R p F T t A W E - B D E W E L D

R A M S B O T T O M - B U R Y - L A N C S . single copy. Stamps welcome.

18

VEGAN FAMILIES VEGAN'S BABY We have so many vegan mothers now reporting happy, healthy babies that we a r e unable to report them as we once did, but we thought we would make an except-ion of the following - to encourage others 1 Although l a m 38 and William is my f i rs t child, he was the strongest and health:-iest baby in the hospital, weighing 9lb. 3goz. From the f i rs t day he could lift his head whilst lying on his tummy. My diet in the hospital caused the usual raised eyebrows but I only had to point to William and little could be said. I have been successfully breastfeeding William and his progress has dumbfounded my health visitor. She has borrowed my copy of ' Vegan Mothers & Children.' G. Hartley THE HOWARD FAMILY Some readers may not know that Frieden Howard who is Co-Trusteewith his mother Ruth of Vegfam was one of the f i rs t babies born of a vegan mother in this country - read the account in our'Vegan Mothers and Children' booklet. He and his wife Frances now have a thriving vegan family of four children who nrove that the life vegans ca:n excel in both the athletic and other fields.Russell The eldest has just received a reward at Art School, Wendy at ballet and of Sophia the local paper reports - "In the senior girls ' 1500m. she finished an incredible 56 seconds in front of her nearest rival in a time of 5-10-5. " THE GUNN KING FAMILY We had a long report recently from our vegan family in Northern Ireland. Brian who is Planning Officer for the area has an exceedingly demanding and success-ful professional life but seems to find time to share in an amazing number of activities with his wife and two daughters. They have run their own Montessori school for their daughters and local children. Sita the elder is now doing well at the High School and Venetia the younger has just passed 11+ asseissment for a Grammar School. Both excel at music and ballet. Margaret teaches Yoga and is successfuly promoting vegan catering in the movement. They have a large garden made on the site of an old quarry and have an Open Day each year to show the success of the O'Brien strip method. They a r e keen supporters of Men of the Trees and have engaged in tree planting projects to mark its 60th anniversary. They enter enthusiastically .into the activities of a number of other groups and the newly formed Animal Rights Movement has benefitted from their support in a number of demonstrations and exhibitions. Sita is now on the committee. Brian was Secretary of the International Vegetarian Union for a number of years and the family have regularly attended Congresses in different parts of the world. They hope to meet old friends in Baltimore next year. THE GARDEN PARTY The chief joy of this annual event at the Jannaway's home in Surrey was once again the children - over twenty of them again all happily getting to know each other while their parents talked. Surely they offer us the greatest hope of a better, more compassionate world.

19

THl somi SITUATION. "Vegan diets a r e perceived as being socially r e s t r i c t i v e . v

(T. A. B. Sanders, Ph .D. , "Veganism - Scientific Aspects.") The Vegan Society regularly receives letters from people worried about how to cope socially as a vegan. Another common problem is that of close relations who a r e antagonistic to veganism, especially mothers reacting to a vegan diet becoming part of their child's growth towards independence. Vegans who a re fortunate enough to have escaped such a problem may count themselves among the lucky few. One by one the obstacles set in the path of the vegan pioneers have been overcome through the 39 year history of the Vegan Society, yet social problems remain. Now that such publications as "Vegan Nutrition" and "Vegan Mothers and Children" (90p. and 70p. each respectively, including postage from the Vegan Society's Welsh address) serve to silence doubts about the nutritional adequacy of a vegan diet, and numerous recipe books show how attractive and economical it can be, the social problem should prove easy to solve. It is, af ter ail , an entirely human one, reflecting our own inner attitudes. As Milton wrote in "Paradise Regained", however, "The mind is its own place, and of itself can make a Hell of Heaven or a Heaven of Hell! " Children grow up and have the advantage of looking forward to their rightful future independence. It is less easy with married couples where one spouse is vegan and one not, especially where there is argument about the children's diet. As Toynbee observed in his "Study of History", "the greater the difficulty, the greater the stimulus. " If the vegan way of life is to become more generally accepted, it will be because we have learned to overcome the social problem with the aid of practical experience gained from living with our close adversaries. Social isolation will bring no good to anybody. Living closely with people who feel uncomfortable with the vegan message is a test of our own deep love for them as people, come what may, and of our own inner strength for what we know to be right. The vegan way of life will be judged by the way that vegans react to others. There can be no hint of self-righteousness or overbearing zeal if we a r e to attract people towards sharing our different diet and our whole new way of living. Our demands must be on ourselves to practise love for our neighbour. People change from within. Most of us were not vegan until recently and should be able to understand how we appear to conventional people and, therefore, how we should now act as vegans. None of us is perfect. As Gandhi observed: "The weapon of Truth and Love is infallible, but there is something wrong in us, its votaries . . . I am therefore trying to examine myself. " Moving from the individual to the general level, we can best help others by spreading our knowledge so that all who a re ready to receive it may do so. There is plenty of scope for positive service to others who seek a helping hand.

20

As Dr. Gordon Latto wrote in "The Vegan", Summer 1977, "Let us be con-versant with the facts and humbly present them when the occasion presents itself and do not be-disappointed if others do not accept the views we express ." The Vegan Society exists to forward the vegan way of living, recognizing that this must be for all manner of men and women. Its unique function is shared with each of its members. Its members have always been the strength of the Vegan Society, which has recognized this fact by maintaining a low minimum subscription so that income is not a barrier to membership. Most of our members a re new to the vegan way of life. Many a r e desperate for social contact with other vegans, for their support and their experience. They a re fortunate if they a re within reach of an active local group led by a committed vegan contact. Failing that they may find contact with others who have won through by reading the Vegan Society booklets: "Pioneers of the New Age - Reminiscences of Twelve Early Vegans" and "The Vegan Way . . . Why? and How? - by Ten Very Different Vegans". Each booklet is available at 60p. inc. postage from the Vegan Society's Welsh address, or the two together for only £1.00 inc. postage. Personal contact with other vegans is the most encouraging form of support, however - hence the need to support (or create) your local vegan group. Human nature, being what it is, the more vegans who bother to register with us, the more non-vegans a r e impressed by our case. We a re currently recruiting new members at a record rate, while many more enquire about the Vegan Society and buy our recipe books. It is in the quality of our Local Vegan Contacts that we carry our greatest potential to become a 'significant minority. ' These sterling volunteers hold local group meetings, produce local vegan magazines, distribute "The Vegan", Our popular recipe books and our f ree leaflets to local wholefood shops and other outlets, contact the local press , radio and television, organize public meetings for a national vegan speaker to talk and show our film, arrange vegan stalls at local festivals and shows, give vegan cookery demonstrations, provide vegan.catering for functions of kindred societies and a r e on call for national events, such as the Shiners' Walk when their area bcomes involved. Local vegan contacts, and other individual members, have helped to produce this year ' s Vegan Holiday Accommodation Directory, a re busy ensuring-tlat next year 's is even bigger and better, and also that more and more restaurants and cafes display our distinctive yellow sunflower "We Serve Vegan Meals" window sticker. A long list of these Local Vegan Contacts appeared in the Summer, 1983, edition of "The Vegan". Names and addresses of even more a re listed in "Grassroots News" after this article. There just isn't the space to give further details of their local activities, which a re best covered by the local group's own magazines. Suffice it to say that your local vegan contact deserves your support and is most willing to hear from you. If you have difficulty finding his or her address, please send a s . a . e . for full details to the Vegan Society Ltd. at 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20, 9LW, Wales. You may live in ah area where a Local Vegan Contact is still required. If so, please write to our Welsh address (above) to volunteer your help. Laurence Main

21

GRASS ROOTS uem L. Main

Recent additions to lists of Local Contacts : -

Review "A MONTH BY MONTH GUIDE TO ORGANIC GARDENING" by Lawrence Hills,published Thorsons. £3.95 paper back, £8.95 hard back. New gardeners especially will find the format of this book useful-, it being a monthly guide through '9 year of work to be done in the food garden. Details a r e given of which crops should be available for use and their relevant sowing/' planting time. The book starts with a thorough guide to crop rotation and soil fertility /composting, plus a look at the nutritional aspects of organically grown food. For the experienced gardener too 7many tips and ideas a re to be found, the frui ts of Lawrence HiLlls many years experience. We especially liked the sections devoted to work in the fruit garden. Alan Garrett .

"STAND & DELIVER" Handbook for Speakers, Chairmen, and Committees. Pub. Thorsons £1. 95+ 20p p&p. By Kenneth Brown, Life Associate of the Vegan Society and well known throughout the vegetarian movement for his excellent speakers' courses. Into this little book he has distilled the knowledge and wisdom gained from helping all kinds of people become effective speaks. The lively and humorous style makes it a delight to read even if you do not want to perform - and you may well change your mind having read it. We need good speakers. Obtainable from our Welsh office see page 9 for address. K j "HOW TO MAKE ROPE SOLED FOOTWEAR"BY A. Raddon. Aberath Publication £4. 95. See the Vegan Self-Sufficiency Newsletter -115 Eastern Rd. , Milton, Portsmouth, Hants, for full details of this beautifully produced & practical book.

22

SCOTT NEARING MAKES HIS CENTURY. We were happy to send a cable to him on the occasion of his hundredth birthday. Well known New England home-steader, teacher and writer, he . and his wife have lived largely on the p r o d -ucts of their own gardens for many years and have inspired many others to aim at self-sufficiency living. Serena Coles writes "Some of us a re able to recall his visit as our Guest Speaker to our Vegan Dinner at The Vega Restaurant, Leicester Square when Mr. & Mrs Fleisch catered for us and have had the priv-ilege of meeting him and his wife at IVU Congresses. Their lives a r e wonder-ful examples of selfless service ." SEA SHEPHERD. Help urgently needed. "When you support the Sea Shepherd you support a marine mammal protection force willing to give all so that the oceans will continue to provide more of value than blubber and fur - a gift of beauty and intelligence, a gift of life to these magnificent beings of the sea. " Sea Shepherd Ltd. 12 Royal Terrace, Glasgow, G3 7Ny WINSTON CHURCHILL MEMORIAL TRUST offers travelling scholarships to enable people of any age or educational standard to be more effective in certain categories of employment or personal commitment each year. Among the ten categories for 1984 is "Animals in society: practical aspects of humane con-duct by those directly involved in the control and care of animals. " Write immediately for details & application forms that have to be returned by Nov. 1st. Even unsuccessful applications can "sow seeds" and an animal act-ivist may be successful. Winston Churchill Trust, 15 Queen's Gate Terrace, London. SW7 5PR THE PEACE CHARIOT needs workers and money to promote disarmament and a non-violent life style. Information 220 Lane End, Chapeltown, Sheffield, (jSAE)

We have a regular postbag from vegans and take encouragement from so many complimentary remarks on one or another of our products which have made their vegan diet so much easier. If readers who have difficulty in obtaining our latest product - Plamil Chocolate -will send us the full name and address of their Health Store, we will. take the matter up with them. We have taken up with our new Member of Parliament the question of our having to pay importation duties on soya protein and sunflower oil. We a re awaiting a reply. We have just received a letter from our distributors in Eire to say "Alas, for reasons only known to themselves,, the Government here has just put an excise duty on soya milk, which makes it quite expensive and also more difficult to clear through Customs, as it will have to be pre-entered and the duty paid in advance. " Another problem to try and overcome!

Plamil Foods Ltd., Bowles Well Green, Folkestone, Kent.

Arthur Ling 23

Shopping with Linda Please send all information and all enquiries r e food and other commodities to: Linda Emptage, 40 Harold Road, Cliftonville, Kent. (Items in capitals a r e vegan.)

F O O D N E W S Norico Foods: APPLE TURNOVERS (may only be available North of London.) Golden Rose : KOSHER MARGARINE Lindt Chocolates: EXCELLENCE, SURFIN PLAIN, PLAIN TABLETS, PLAIN WAFERS. Modern Health Products: NEW VECON is made with vegetable glycerine and has added B ^ • ft has a different flavour from other yeast extracts. GELOZONE - vegetable alternative to gelatine. Granose: Some of these a r e repeats but, owing to enquiries from new members, l a m listing all products: CEREALS: NATURAL BRAN, FRUIT BRAN, WHEAT-GERM, SOYA BRAN. DIABETIC and SLIMMING FOODS: STARCH REDUCED ROLLS (PLAIN and WHEATMEAL.) SPREADS: PEANUT BUTTER, PEANUT CRUMBLE, TASTEX (B 1 2 ) , VEGETABLE PATE. VEGETABLE PROTEIN FOODS: NUTTOLENE, LENTIL & VEGETABLE CASSEROLE, NUTBRAWN, PROTOSE, SAVIAND, MEATLESS SAVOURY CUTS, TENDER BITS, SAUSALATAS, SAVOURY PUDDING, SOYA BEANS IN TOMATO SAUCE, CURRY, GOULASH, BOLOGNESE SAUCE, RISSOLNUT, SAUSALENE, SAUSFRY, NUT LOAF, MINESTRONE SOUP, BOLOGNA. BEVERAGES : LIQUID SOYA MILK, LIQUID SOYA MILK WITH CAROB, SWISS CUP, GRANOGEN SOYA BEAN MILK POWDER (B 1 2 ) , GRANOLAC INFANT FORMULA SOYA MILK POWDER (B 1 2)-

N O N - F O O D S 'Cotton-On' : A mail-order f i rm by Dorothy Pearson, Bankside House, Great

Plumpton, Kirkham, Preston, Lanes. A range of cotton only garments, in-creased recently to cater for adults. Designed for people allergic to man-made fibres. Nike: Spiked running shoes. There a r e two models: 'Zoom Sprint' and 'Zoom Distance. ' These shoes a r e quite expensive, but we a r e given to believe they a r e used by famous Olympic runners. For further information please write to Colin Howlett, 72, Curzon Street, Reading. (Vegan Society member.) Polycell confirm that all their products a r e Vegan except Alabaster. Radiol Chemicals Ltd. VETERINARY PRODUCTS: COLIC RADIOL, RADIOL (M - R) LINIMENT. HUMAN PRODUCTS: RADIAN-A LINIMENT COPHOLCO COUGH SYRUP, COPHOLCOID COUGH PASTILLES, MAALOX SUSPENSION AND TABLETS, MAALOX PLUS SUSPENSION AND TABLETS , MAALOX CONCENTRATE SUSPENSION AND TABLETS, PHYTOCEL FOOT POWDER, BIOVITAL LIQUID AND TABLETS, FERRLECET IRON TABLETS. This f i rm also confirms that they do not use animals for testing.

24

C O S M E T I C S Bright Eyes , 56 Bell Street, Candleriggs, Glasgow, have now started a mail order business for cruelty f ree cosmetics. They say a number of their goods a r e suitable for Vegans. For further information please write, to the above address. Oriflame Cosmetics: Their latest letter states that only the following items a re Vegan: GENTLE AND ACTIVE CLEANSERS, DELICATE AND REFINING TONERS, MOISTURE CONCENTRATE, MOISTURE PROTECTION, NIGHT ENRICHMENT AND NIGHT REPLACEMENT. Jane Howard Cosmetics: Due to letters from members I must again point out that the only entirely Vegan range of cosmetics a r e Jane Howard Cosmetics, 8, Woodburn Drive, Chapeltowh, Sheffield, South Yorkshire. Please send s . a . e. to Jane Howard for details. These products a r e of excellent quality and good value for money.

N O N - V E G A N Oriflame Cosmetics: Only items listed above a r e Vegan. Please disregard earlier entry in Shoppers' Guide. New Era: Tissue salts a r e used extensively in most of Hymosa's range. It would appear from their letter that any product with tissue salts is NOT VEGAN as it is based on Lactose or Sugar of Milk.

C. B. " WALKING BOOT Strong upper with soft ankle rolls , sewn in tongue, soft insole, arid the ecologically approved sole unit.

£25.95 plus £1.50 p&p. Sizes 4-12. No half sizes. FELL WALKING BOOT Similar to "CB" but lighter weight. Ideal for rambling & casual walks.

£17.99 plus £1.50 p&p. Sizes 4-11. No half sizes. Also Rohner vegan socks. See above. FROM Westsports, 17 Fleet Street, Swindon. Wilts. Tel. 0793 32588

FEET FIR O n a 11 occasions Fully synthetic sandals with contoured footbeds and natural comfort

* Capri £14with r-. rf-— sUH'kcilivmikir

c white straps on % dark blue

\ Hawaii £14.50 = Other.st vli'S&ioliuirsuuirili'r

I Footprints 116BodIam Avenue Tuffley Gloucester S 0 4 5 2 — 2 1 9 6 8 ( ; 1 ' 4 ( ) T N

25

INTERPRETING THE ADDITIVE NUMBERS The long awaited new labelling laws are now in force. Useful in some ways, they are frustrating to Vegans in that additives are listed only in a number code. A food technologist member has kindly identified them for us. NON-ANIMAL:

. 4, 5

E100 E101 E102 £110 E122 E123 E l 27 E131 E140 E141 E142 E150 E151 E160(b)

(c) ( d )

E161(b) (c) (d) (e) ( f ) <fl)

E162 E163 E170 E171 E172 E173, E180 E200, 1, 2, 3 E210, 11, 12, 13 E220 E221 E260 E306 E307, 8, 9 E330 E331 E332 E334 E335 E336 E337 E400 E401 E402 E406 E407 E410 E412 E413 E414 E415 E420 E421 E440(a) E440(b) E460( i ) E460( i i ) E466

Curcumin Ribof lav in B2 Tertrazine Sunset Yel low Carmolsine Amaranth Erythros lne Patent 8l'ue V Ch lo rophy l l

Ch lo rophy l l (Copper complex) Green pigments Caramel Black PN or BN Annat to , b ix in , no rb lx in Capsanthin Lycopene Lute in Cryp toxan th in Rub lxan th ln V i o l e x a m h l n Rhodoxan th in Centhaxanth in Beetroot Red Anthocyar i ins Calcium Carbonate t i t a n i u m d iox ide I ron oxides

A l u m i n i u m , Silver, Gold Rubine p igment Sorbic acid and salts Benzoic acid and salts Sulphur d iox ide Sod ium sulphite Acet ic acid V i tam in E V i t a m i n E Ci t r ic acid Sod ium Citrates Tri-Potassium Ci t rate Tartar ic acid Sod ium Tartrate Potassium Tar t ra te P o t a s s i u m S o d i u m T a r t r a t e Alginic acid Sod ium alginate Potassium alginate Agar Carrageenan Locust bean gum Guar gum Tragacanth gum Gum Arab ic Xanthan gum Sorb i to l Mann i to l Pectin Amlde ted Pectin Microcrysta l l ine Cellulose Powdered Cellulose Carboxymethylcei lu lose

Plant (Curcuma longa) Yeast or Microbe biological Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Plants Plant and Mineral Synthet ic-Mineral Sugar Mineral Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Beetroot Plants Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral Vinegar or alchohol Vegetable oi ls Synthet ic Fru i t , sugar-fermentat ion Ci t r ic acid and Mineral Ci t r ic acid and Mineral Grapes Tartar ic acid and Mineral Tartar ic acid and Mineral Tartar ic acid and Mineral Seaweed Seaweed and Mineral Seaweed and Mineral Seaweed Seaweed Carob bean Seeds Plant exudate Acacia tree exudate Microbio logical Plant Seaweed Plants Plant and mineral Plant Plant Co t ton

ANIMAL or AMBIGUOUS: E104 Colour:Glycerol involved E120.124&132 Colour:from insect E15 3 Maybe animal charcoal E270.325—6&7 Maybe from whey

E470—1,2,3,4,5&7 E 4 8 1 - 2 & 3 E322

Colour Colour , supplement Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour and Flavour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Colour Whi te dye, alkali Colour Colour Colour Colour Preservatives Preservatives Preservative Preservative Flavour, acid A n t i o x i d a n t , supplement An t i ox iden t , supplement Flavour, acid Flavour, acid Flavour, acid Ac id adjustment Ac id adjustment Ac id adjustment A c i d a d j u s t m e n t S t a b i l i z e r a n d t h i c k e n e r Stabilizer and thickener Stabil izer and thickener Stabil izer and thickener Stabil izer and thickener Stabil izer and thickener Stabil izer and thickener Stabi l izer and thickener Stabil izer and thickener Stabi l izer and thickener Diabetic sweetener Textur izer Gell ing agent Gell ing agent Gell ing agent, Stabi l izer Bulk ing aid Stabil izer and thickener

Maybe animal fatty acids Maybe animal fatty acids Lecithin—maybe from soya, corn, eggs.

SOURCES: Look at the Label MAFF 1982 HMSO. A Consumer's Guide to Food Additives, R Winter 1972. Pearson's Chemical Analysis of Foods, 8th Edition. Merck Index, 9th Edition 1976.

26

ADVERTISEMENTS

Please send to the Assistant Secretary, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW, Wales, by October 21st, 1983, for the next issue. Rate 10p a word. Advertisers are asked to note that we are unable to deal with box numbers. PLEASE NOTE the following advertisements have been accepted in good faith and the Vegan Society cannot take responsibility in the event of any complaint. Editors reserve the right to refuse advertisements without giving explanations.

VEGANIC CULTURE. The truly ecological and humane way to garden. A second re-print of the 2nd edition' of "The Guide to Veganic Gardening" by Kenneth Dalziel O'Brien is available. The detailed text covers the unique no-digging technique, vegetable compost making, natural weed control, salads, soft fruit and herbs, and many more topics. Follow this clean, productive and pleasant system by ordering a copy which is fully illustrated with diagrams and photographs. Price £3.25 (Includes post and packing). Send cheque or postal order made out to Veganic, at 36 Granes End, Great Linford, Milton Keynes, MK 14 5DX, Buckinghamshire.

CHASE SM3 - Liquid Extract of Seaweed. Soil conditioner and Plant Growth Regulator. 4 oz bottle - 94p to treat 100 sq. yds. 1 litre £5.32; 1 gall. £11.20.

CHASE Q.R. COMPOST ACTIVATOR: Purely herbal and works by stimulation of bacteria already present in all vegetable matter used for compost making. 50p small pkt sufficient to treat approx. 2 tons material. £1.50 large pkt sufficient to treat approx. 10 tons material.

CWO available from Chase Organics Ltd., Gibraltar House, Shepperton, Middlesex, TW17 8AQ.

THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY isn't just an award-winning tourist attraction. We sellbooks through the post too. Please ask for our mail order booklist (35p & s.a.e.), details of our courses and a leaflet for tourists to visit us. Write now to N.C.A.T., Lwyngwern Quarry, Machynlleth, Powys, Wales.

VEGFAM'S trustee requires help: housekeeping, repairs, maintenance, grounds. Accommodation. Tel. 082 282 203 or 0462 56294.

NATURAL FAMILY PLANNING - modern vivisection-free research methods have recently rendered this one of the most reliable of methods instead of the least reliable. Using the symptothermal method, the woman monitors her fertility daily using several signs. The couple can then choose whether to abstain or not. Wall chart and introductory informat-ion in exchange for four first-class letter stamps. C.C.L., 38 Hampden Road, Hitchin, Herts.

THE SPROUTLETTER - a newsletter of useful and unusual information on sprouts, raw foods and nutrition. Send S14 (U-.S. dollars) for an airmail subscription to the U.K. or 33 (U.S. dollars) for a sample copy of this bi-monthly journal to :The Sproutletter, P.O. Box 62, Ashland, OR 97520, U.S.A.

SEND S.A.E. to Unit A1, Chapman's Yard, Waterhouse Lane, Scarborough, Y011 1 DP, for free leaflets on "RAW FOOD DIET" and/or "TAO", the Great Philosophy of Ancient China, still thriving.

SEVEN VEGAN PERFUMES. Each 1.8ml for £7.00, or send s.a.e. for details. Tamworth B78 1BZ.

SPIRULINA VEGETABLE PLANKTON - food from sunlight: Highest protein and natur-al source of vitamin B12, rich in minerals and trace elements. Eat light, eat Life Source Spirulina. 100 x 500 mg tablets pure Spirulina £3.95, 4 oz tub pure Spirulina powder £4.95. 50p p&p orders under £7.00. Orders over £7.00 post free, or send s.a.e. for further information and book list to:

BREAD WITHOUT YEAST? Bread-making with sourdough-starter avoids yeast-allergy, provides lacking lactic acid. Historical, medical, dental information and recipes: THE PRISTINE LOAF. Send £1 to

LIQUID CONCENTRATE is a biodegradable liquid soap derived from coconut oil, which is free from animal products and animal testing. S.a.e. for details: JANCO SALES, 11 Seymour Rd., Hampton Hill, Middlesex, TW12 1DD.

THE VEGAN SELF-SUFFICIENCY NETWORK. S.A.'i. for full details to: V.S.S.N., 115 Eastern Road, Milton, Portsmouth, Hants.

GREEN LINE monthly paper of the green movement. Regular articles by Kathleen Jannaway. 8 issues £3.20. Single copy 45p. 14 Alexandra Rd., Oxford.

THE LEY HUNTER - leading international magazine of ley-lines and other Earth Myster-ies. £1.25 sample copy to TLH, P.O. Box 13, Welshpool, Powys.

LIVE ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION, slaughtering of baby seals, wild animals torn to pieces by hounds, innocent animals suffering in factory-farm systems: "Flesh and Blood" magazine will show how you can help stop these atrocities. To subscribe send £3.40 U.K., £4.50 overseas, to Caroline Publications, Dept " V " P.O. Box 32, Stevenage, Herts, SG1 3SD.

PEACE NEWS is part of the movement to remove nuclear arms, and the oppressions which cause violence. " A ray of joy and hope" - Ronnie Lee (animal liberationism. 40p fort-nightly. £12/year. Trial subscription £2. "Peace News", 8 Elm Avenue, Nottingham.

AH I MSA - quarterly magazine of the American Vegan Society. Veganism, Natural Living, Reverence for Life. Calendar year subscription S8 or £5. Address: 501, Old Harding Highway, Malaga, N.J. 08328, U.S.A.

LONDON VEGAN NEWS. Send 50p for sample copy to Alpay Torgut (to whom cheques should be made payable), 25 Tabley Road, London, N7 ONA.

THE HUNGER PROJECT invites you to join with other members in the developed countries, and millions, involuntarily, in other parts of the globe, to fast on the 14th day of the month, to align yourself with the hungry of the world and to create the context of ending starvation on our planet before the year 2000 AD. Ask about Hunger Project. Tel. 01 373 9003. (77 Cromwell Rd., London, SW7).

TAROT READINGS - £5.00 - "your year ahead". Please enclose personal article (return-able) such as scarf, pen - must have been owned for over ONE year AND bought by self!

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NEW AGE SPIRITUALIST CENTRE, Bishops Waltham, near Southampton. Meetings for Autumn: 11th Sept. 2.30 p.m. Youth Hall, Sonia Bewick & Malvina Viney: Talks & Clairvoyance. FESTIVAL OF LIGHT, LEARNING & LAUGHTER, BISHOPS WALTHAM. 8th Oct. 11 a m - 7 pm. Theme: Healing Through Fun. 9th Oct.: 11 am - 6 pm Theme: Healing Through The Arts. 23rd Oct.: 2.30 pm. Youth Hall, Michaela Bluskle: Acupuncture. Followed by shared tea. 6th Nov. 2.30 pm Youth Hall, Audrey Hedges Metamorphic Technique (Foot Therapy) also Kirlian prints. 20th Nov. 2.30 pm Youth Hall, Rex Howarth, Homeopathy. All enquiries from:

OVERCOME DESPAIR. Read "Children of Fire" novel, post free £4.50. "Holocaust or World Change", £2.00. "Spiritual Defence", s.a.e. from AB(V) 365 Sandycombe Road, Kew Gardens, Surrey.

FREE BOOKLIST: Extensive range covering veganism, vegetarianism, raw eating, alternat-ive therapies, animal rights, moral & spiritual philosophies, Christian and esoteric theology, meditation etc. New items! "Meat Means Bloody Murder" or "Vivisection is Satanic" " T " shirts. Details in booklist. TZADDI BOOKS, Rosewood House, Bridge Road, Downham Market, Norfolk.

LOOKING FOR A GREEN WORLD by Harry Mather examines ecology, animal rights, disarmament and other topical issues, ending with possible hope. £2.55 including p&p from H.

AN OPPORTUNITY exists to develop a centre for Alternative Healing and a food-proces-sing co-op and restaurant to promote Vegan/Macrobiotic food and its role in health, ecology, spiritual development and world peace. Interested groups and individuals should contact .

VEGAN LANDOWNERS could make some extra cash with a " 5 caravan" certificate from the Camping and Caravanning Club. Full details from

SOUNDS RELAXING: How restful to listen to the singing of the birds, the rustling of the wind in the trees and the trickling of a gentle waterfall - a panorama of peaceful sounds plus the enchanting and relaxing music of David Sun. "A perfect aid to relaxation, medit-ation, healing, and,for all seeking deep inner peace." On two cassettes for only £9.98, post and packing FREE plus full money back guarantee. Post your order to: Sun Productions, (VE9), 83 Suttonhall Road, Hounslow, Middlesex.

SILVER BIRCH REST HOME, 107 Enys Road, Eastbourne, BN21 2ED, caters for the aged and infirm (geriatrics). We take care of the elderly when they can no longer do so for' themselves and they are considering giving up their own home. There are day and night staff and all rooms have bells. For further information please write or 'phone 0323 29666. Matron is a strict vegan over 22 years. We also cater for non-vegans.

VEGFAM feeds the hungry via plant-based foodstuffs, leaf protein, seeds, irrigation etc. The Sanctuary, Lydford, Okehampton, Devon (tel. Lydford 203).

GO NUTS ON FRUIT! S.a.e. for free literature to:

29

VEGETARIAN MATCHMAKERS: Discreet, inexpensive, postal introduction service exclusively for unattached adult vegetarians/vegans, nationwide. (Clients from diverse walks of life; ages from 18 to sunset years). Dreams could become reality for you too, by requesting details today from V.M.M., (Dept VQ), 34 Bridge Street, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey.

ZAN LIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE supplies interested individuals with the addresses/ leaflets of Animal Rights/Conservation Societies. The service is FREE but a S.A.E. IS ESSENTIAL.

HOLIDAYS BONNAFORD COUNTRY HOUSE, West Devon, Health and Spiritual Centre - Hydro. Holidays, B & B Retreats. Courses. Vegan & vegetarian meals. S.a.e. for full details to "Bonnaford", Brentor, Tavistock, W. Devon. members VSUK & Vegan Society.

PENZANCE: Self-catering accommodation for 3/4. Two miles f rom Penzance with large garden, sea and country views. Occasional vegan meals available. Tel. 0736 2242.

BEXHILL-ON-SEA: Small private house offering vegetarian or vegan bed and breakfast for £5. Evening meal if required. Guests welcomed all year. Peg and Bill Giddings,

East Sussex, TN39 4LT (tel. 042 43 5153).

BRIGHTON: Wholefood vegetarian or vegan bed and breakfast in a very attractive, quiet private house in Regency Kemptown, near the sea, the Marina, wholefood restaurants, good

30

shopping. Brighton is a very good centre for places of interest and beautiful walks over the Downs or along the coast. Tel. 0273 683819.

MYSTICAL GLASTONBURY - Stay at the Ramala Centre set in a 200 year old Georgian manor house surrounded by lovely grounds. Close to town centre, the Abbey and the Tor. Wholefood cooking using homegrown produce. Hard tennis court. Indoor heated swim-ming pool (summer only). Audio-visual and guest information service on mystical Glastonbury provided. Beautiful pine sanctuary available to guests for meditation. Bed and breakfast £10.00. Evening meal by arrangement. Chalice Hill House, Dod Lane, Glastonbury, Somerset (tel. 32459).

NORTHUMBRIA: Vegan D. B. & B. Quiet riverside village, beautiful walking country, convenient Durham, Roman Wall. Children welcome. No dog's, no smoking. S.a.e. Crompton, 19 Beech Grove, Blackhall Mill, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE17 7TD (tel. 0207 561104).

INVERNESS: Vegan/vegetarian accommodation in charming cottage on high road bet-ween Inverness and Nairn. Good tourist centre, walking, golf-course, sea, beach nearby. Guests welcome all year. Margaret Lawson, IV1 2PG (tel. 066 78 352).

WALES: Vegan B & B £5.50 or £50 per week full board at Gwallia, Cemmaes, Machynlleth, Powys, SY20 9PU (tel. 06502 377). Near National Centre for Alternative Technology. Paradise for children.

MEXICO! Villa Vegetariana Holistic Health Spa, Box 1228, Cuernavaca, Mexico. (Tel. 3-10-44). Free brochure and travel directions.

FREE! The revised "Backpacking the Vegan Way" and "Youth Hostelling the Vegan Way" leaflets when you order a Mainroutes guide-book to one of the following long-distance footpaths: A Somerset Way (via Glastonbury Tor); A Bristol Countryway (via Cheddar Gorge); A South Wessex Way (via Breamore Mizmaze); A Wiltshire Way (via Stonehenge); King Alfred's Way (via Watership Down) and a South Coast Way (via the site of the Battle of Hastings). £1.08 each inc. p&p (or any 3 for £3) from: The Vegan Society Ltd., 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW, Wales.

A FEW COPIES of this year'sVEGAN HOLIDAY ACCOMMODATION DIRECTORY are still available for only 45p each (inc. p&p) from The Vegan Society Ltd., 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth, SY20 9LW, Wales.

A C T I V E VEGANS (non-smokers) wanted to j o i n vegan household of 4 people and 3 cats on edge of Blackheath, South London. L a r g e house and garden. Must be p repared to put w o r k in . Rent £15 pe r week p lus cost of food. F o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n please r i n g 01 852 2518

LGJNDGJN V E G A N N E W S £1. 50 sub. f o r th ree copies to A lpay T o r g u t , 25 Tab ley Road, London N. 7 Help w i t h se l l i ng and d i s t r i b u t i n g u rgen t l y needed. Please make out cheques to A. T o r g u t .

31

V COUNTRY HOUSE ^ Surrounded by the loohs and heather - clad hills of the Trossachs , Scotland's longest established, whole - food vegetarian and vegan guest house of fers you a centre for

relaxation and Tevitalisation. In large, peaceful grounds, our spacious and elegant Victorian house commands

magnificent views. Only ten minutes' walk from Callander famous a s the Tannochbrae of Dr. Finiay's Casebook. ' Within easy reach of Stirling, Edinburgh and Gleneagles, whilst' the immediate a rea abounds with beautiful walks. Our delicious home - made meals use ingredients from our organically cultivated garden. We offer bed, breakfast and evening meal. H. & C. in all bedrooms. Central

heating. Easy motorway access . Stamp appreciated for brochure from

Marilyn and Ian Roberts Brook Linn Country House, Callander,,

Per thshi re Tel . 0877 30103

THE PRODUCT YOU'VE

BEEN WAITING FOR

V I T A L I F E S P I R U L I N A

SOOmg of pure Mexican SpirUlina in a unique

easy to swallow capsule shaped tablet

60 TABLETS FOR £2.42 only

available now from your Health Food Store, or direct (Cheque or P.O. please. P & P free) from Vitalife Ltd., 291 Cricklewood Lane,

London NW2 2JL.

TORQUAY ( Queen of the English Riviera )

BROOKESBY HALL HOTEL Exclusively Vegetarian.

Hesketh Road. TQ1 2LN Tel. 0803 22194

350 yards from Meadfoot Beach, enjoying glorious sea views across Torbay, the hotel is situated in the exclusive Lincombe Conservation area, generally considered to be the loveliest part of Torquay. We offer restful holidays in beautiful surroundings coupled with imagin-ative and delicious Vegan and Veg-etarian meals. Some rooms have private showers. Fully centrally heated. Full details from the

Vegan Proprietress Mrs. Hilda Baker

(stamp only please.)

"Woadcote" The Saltings, Lelant

St. Ives. Cornwall Tel. (0736) 753147

WHY not visit Britain's oldest established Vegan /Vegetarian Hotel and for once experience a truly relaxing holiday? Woodcote is a small family-owned hotel standing in its own grounds overlooking the beautiful tidal estuary and bird sanct-uary of Hayle. It is within easy reach of many fine beaches and coastal walks and is the ideal centre from which to explore and discover the beauty of Cornwall.

On a personal note, our cuisine is both varied and imaginative and for good measure is supported by an abundance of old-fashioned personal service — the ingredient so often overlooked in these material times.

For further information and brochure please contact:

John or Pamela Barrett (stamp appreciated)

Also available (May-Sept), self catering chalet, sleeps four.

© r e l k & i r d l IHfo®

Lakeland's strictly Vegetarian Guest House offers a warm and hospitable welcome to Vegans. Come to us to relax, to walk and climb, to absorb the tranquil i ty of Orchard House and the Lake District. We have,a peaceful garden, a warm and comfortable home, delicious and different food, and we are situated in superb Lake District country.

VEGANS WELCOME

A truly fine STRICTLY VEGETARIAN RESTAURANT, offering a wide range of both Western and Eastern dishes. Open from 8.30 for breakfast thro' ti l l 8.30 in the evening . . . last orders at 8.00 Morning coffee, lunch, afternoon tea and Vegan dishes daily. Do come and enjoy.

(stamp appreciated)

Brochure from: Monty Alge & Keong Wee Orchard House, Borrowdale Road, Keswick on Derwentwater, Cumbria

Tel. (0596) 72830

Restaurant just round the comer and next to Fishers at: 31 Lake Rd. Keswick.

MILK THAT'S NEVER EVER SEEN A COW!

It's 100% vegetable ... made from the soya bean and packed with protein and goodness. Its production involves no exploitation of animals. The flavour is quite delicious - all the family, particularly the children will love it. You can drink it on its own as a super health drink or use it on breakfast cereals, in coffee or tea or in dishes such as milk puddings and custards.

What's more it will keep in the can just as long as you want to keep it. A wonder-fully versatile and nutritious food .... Golden Archer Beanmilk by Itona. It's at your health food store.

'Golden Archer* B E A N M I L K The Milk That's 100% Non-Animal

CRANKS HeALTH FOODS William.Blake House, Marshall Street, London W1

CRANKS at Heal's, 196 Tottenham Court Road, W.1 CRANKS at Shinners Bridge, Dartington, Devon CRANKS at Peter Robinson, Oxford Circus* W.1 CRANKS at The Market, Covent Garden, W.C.2 CRANKS at 35 High Street, Totnes, Devon

PLAMIL SOYA PLANTMILK -

not instead of breast-milk, but on weaning and through the rest of life provides important nutrients including B12, CALCIUM & PROTEIN. High in polyunsaturates.

All Plamil products are guaranteed exclusively vegan. List and recipes (SAE please) from Plamil Foods Ltd. Plamil House, Bowles Well Gardens, Folkestone.