the sky is rising_report (2012)

8/3/2019 The Sky is Rising_Report (2012)

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Giopdopw

Drdgtpkud Wtaajv{ 6

I~~ivptokpkdw Jfito`8 Dojfcdvw Oip Ljpdmdd~dvw 4

Citkw GM8 I~do# Btajo jo` J|dwiad

Wdgpkio 78 Pbd Atwkg Ajvmdp 67

GddCi Lvddo8 Pbd Od| Atwkg Wtggdww Wpiv{ Kw Oip Ko Wdcckol Atwkg 65

Hjwio jvmdv8 Iod \ivmkol Atwkgkjo Wbi|w Bi| di~cd \Kcc j{ 6

Ujcud8 Kovkoldadop Kw J Wdvukgd vifcda# Oip J Cdljc vifcda 76

Akodgvjp8 Mdd~ Kp Wka~cd Jo` J|dwiad 77

Btafcd Ko`kd Fto`cd8 Ajmkol di~cd \jop Pi Ft{ 70

Gbjolkol pbd @dfjpd 74


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6 Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol

Bjw pbd kopdvodp `dgkajpd` pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{# iv jvd |d ckukol ko j od| vdojkwwjogd iv fipb

giopdop gvdjpivw jo` giowtadvw9 @d~do`kol io |bi {it pjcm pi# {it aj{ bjud bdjv` fipb wpivkdw/

Pbkw vd~ivp dr~civdw pbd pvtd wpjpd i pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ jo` giogct`dw# ztkpd wka~c{# pbjp pbd

wm{ kw oip jcckol io pbd dopdvpjkoadop ftwkodww# giowtadvw iv giopdop gvdjpivw pbdawdcudw/ Kowpdj`8

Pbd Wm{ kw Vkwkol

Ko jgp# |bjp jajxd` tw ko likol pbvitlb dudv{ fkp i jpj jo` vdwdjvgb |d gitc` o`# |jw bi| tppdvc{

giowkwpdop pbd vdwtcpw |dvd8 pbd |k`dv dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ kw lvi|kol jp j vj~k` ~jgd "giopvjv{ pi

ìia % lciia adwwjldw+/ Etvpbdvaivd# aivd giopdop gvdjpivw jvd ~vi`tgkol aivd giopdop pbjo

dudv fdivd !! jo` jvd aivd jfcd pi ajmd aiod{ i i pbdkv giopdop pbjo dudv fdivd/ Io pi~ i pbjp#

giowtadvw jvd ckukol ko j pkad i jfwictpd jfto`jogd jo` gbikgd !! j pkad |bdvd giopdop kw ~cdopktc ko

ajww ztjopkpkdw# cdj`kol pi j pvtd vdojkwwjogd iv pbda/ Pbkw ìdw ~vdwdop j tokztd gbjccdold iv wiad

gia~jokdw twd` pi j udv{ `kdvdop ajvmdp# ftp kpw j gbjccdold ccd` |kpb i~~ivptokp{8 pbd iudvjccajvmdp giopkotdw pi lvi|# jo` wajvp ftwkodwwdw jvd woj~~kol t~ ~kdgdw i pbkw cjvldv ajvmdp/ Pbd

`joldv kw ko wpjo`kol wpkcc iv ~vdpdo`kol pbd ajvmdp kw wbvkomkol/ Pbdvdko ckdw pbd vdjc pbvdjp8 akwwkol

itp io jcc pbjp i~~ivptokp{/

Ko`dd`# {it |itcòp moi| kp# htwp ckwpdokol pi pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ pjcm jfitp bi| atgb pbd

dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ kw &`{kol#& ftp `jpj via ^vkgd|jpdvbitwdGii~dvw "^|G+ jo` k@JPD wbi| pbjp

via :;;2 pi 6>:> pbd ujctd i pbd |ivc`|k`d dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ lvd|via $00; fkcckio/// pi $>># 0/; i pipjc bitwdbic` w~do`kol |dop

pi dopdvpjkoadop/ Pbjp otafdv lvj`tjcc{ kogvdjwd` iudv

pbd `dgj`d !! jo` f{ 6>>2# kp |jw t~ pi 4/56# jo kogvdjwd

i odjvc{ :4$ ko pbd wjad `dgj`d jw pbd kopdvodp |dop

ajkowpvdja/ Ko ipbdv |iv`w# iv jcc pbd vd~ivpw pbjp ~di~cd htwp |jop wpt iv vdd# jo` jvd oip |kcckol pi w~do` io dopdvpjkoadop# pbd jgptjc `jpj wbi|w pbjp

pbd{vd w~do`kol oipkgdjfc{ aivd io dopdvpjkoadop pi`j{ pbjo pbd{ `k` pdo {djvw jli/

Wkakcjvc{# vd~ivpw i hif ciwwdw ko pbd wdgpiv jvd dztjcc{ bjv` pi wztjvd |kpb vdjckp{/ Iogd jljko# ciimkol

jp pbd Ftvdjt i Cjfiv Wpjpkwpkgw `jpj# da~ci{adop ko pbd dopdvpjkoadop wdgpiv lvd| okgdc{ ko pbd

`dgj`d via :;;2 pi 6>>2 !! vkwkol f{ odjvc{ 6> iudv pbjp `dgj`d/ Pbd FCW giopkotdw pi ~vd`kgp

Drdgtpkud Wtaajv{


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Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol 7

wkakcjv lvi|pb iv pbd odrp `dgj`d jw |dcc/ ^dvbj~w dudo aivd ka~ivpjopc{# `tvkol pbjp wjad ~dvki` i pkad

FCW `jpj wbi|w pbjp pbd otafdv i ~di~cd |bi |dvd ko`d~do`dop jvpkwpw lvd| jp jo dudo jwpdv vjpd !! iud

07 lvi|pb ko pbjp wjad `dgj`d/ Ko jgp# pbkw aj{ fd j wpviol bkop jw pi |b{ {it bdjv vd~ivpw i ko`twpv{

&`dakwd& via gdvpjko cdljg{ ~cj{dvw8 fdgjtwd od| pdgboicilkdw jo` wdvukgdw bjud aj`d kp atgb djwkdv i

giopdop gvdjpivw pi o` wtggdww |kpbitp likol pbvitlb pbd pvj`kpkiojc ljpdmdd~dvw/ Kp jcwi vjkwdw ztdwpkio

iv pbiwd |bi gcjka pbjp pbd gbjolkol ajvmdp~cjgd bjw fddo aiwp `kgtcp iv ko`d~do`dop jvpkwpw/ Pbd `jpj

wka~c{ `idw oip fjgm pbjp t~/

Ekojcc{# k {it ciim jp htwp jfitp jo{ jvdj i pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ pi`j{# pbd jaitop i od| giopdo

fdkol ~vi`tgd` bjw lvi|o jp j pvdado`itw vjpd/ Ko 6>>6# cdww pbjo j ztjvpdv i j akcckio od| fiimw |dvd

jujkcjfcd io pbd ajvmdp/ F{ 6>:> pbjp otafdv |jw iudv 7 akcckio/ Ko 6>>:# pbd Lvjgdoipd `jpjfjwd bj` `jpj

wbi|kol htwp jfitp :: akcckio wiol pvjgmw/ F{ 6>:># pbjp otafdv bj` ~jwwd` :>> akcckio/ Jggiv`kol pi pbd

TO# ko :;;4# pbdvd |dvd jfitp :#> caw ~vi`tgd` |ivc`|k`d/ F{ 6>>;# kp |jw aivd pbjo >>/ Adjo|bkcd

`tvkol pbkw wjad ~dvki` i pkad# pbd uk`di ljad ko`twpv{ fjcciiod` ajwwkudc{# cdjukol kpw okgbd wpjptw fdbko`

jo` fdgiakol j ajhiv ~jvp i pbd |k`dv dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{/

F{ jo{ adjwtvd# kp j~~djvw pbjp |d jvd ckukol ko j pvtd Vdojkwwjogd dvj iv giopdop/ Aivd aiod{ kw fdkol

w~dop iudvjcc/ Bitwdbic`w jvd w~do`kol aivd io dopdvpjkoadop/ Jo` j cip aivd |ivmw jvd fdkol gvdjpd /

Jo` {dp# jcc |d bdjv jfitp kw bi| pbd kopdvodp bjw `dgkajpd` pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{/

I gitvwd# iv ~vdpp{ atgb pbd dopkvd bkwpiv{ i pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{# pbdvd bjud fddo gia~cjkopw jfit

bi| jcaiwp jo{ od| pdgboicilkgjc kooiujpkio kw j iva i &~kvjg{& pbjp |kcc vd~vdwdop pbd do` i pbd |k`dv

ko`twpv{/ Evia Hibo bkck~ Witwj kowkwpkol pbjp Pbdwd pjcmkol ajgbkodw jvd likol pi vtko pbd jvpkwpkg dudci~ado

ie atwkg# pi pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ djvkol pbjp vj`ki bj` wkakcjvc{ `dwpvi{d` pbd ko`twpv{ f{ `dgvdjwkol pbd &ckd

i j wiol &via :2 aiopbw pi ;> `j{w#& cdj`kol vj`ki pi &ukvptjcc{ ~ctl t~& pbd ic` w{wpda# pi Hjgm Ujcdopkwkojaitw ~vd`kgpkio pbjp pbd UGV |itc` fd pi pbd ca ko`twpv{ &|bjp pbd Fiwpio Wpvjolcdv |jw pi j |iajo j

biad#& pbd ko`twpv{ bjw ~vd`kgpd` kpw i|o `dakwd djgb jo` dudv{ pkad j od| pdgboicil{ bjw giad jciol/

Kpw oi `kdvdop pi`j{# |kpb pbd vkwd i pbd kopdvodp/

Ko pbd ~jwp# dudv{ wkolcd iod i pbdwd ~vd`kgpkiow ~viud` |viol/ Kowpdj`# jv via mkcckol pbd dopdvpjkoado

ko`twpv{# dudv{ wkolcd iod i pbdwd kooiujpkiow ajwwkudc{ dr~jo`d` pbd ko`twpv{ !! ~viuk`kol od| jo`

kogvd`kfc{ ujctjfcd jfkckpkdw pi gvdjpd# `kwpvkftpd# ~viaipd jo`

aiodpkxd pbdkv |ivmw/

Pbd `jpj ko pbkw vd~ivp wbi| pbjp kp kw oi `kdvdop pi`j{/ Pbd

kopdvodp bjw bdc~d` pbd |k`dv dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ lvi|

jo` pbvkud# fdodpkol fipb giowtadvw jo` giopdop gvdjpivw ko

ajwwkud |j{w/

Pbkw vd~ivp wddmw pi `kl ko pi pbd otafdvw pi to`dvwpjo`# aivd


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gcdjvc{# |bjp kw pvtc{ bj~~dokol ko pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{/ Kp ciimw gciwdc{ jp itv wdgpivw8 ca % uk`di

atwkg# fiimw jo` uk`di ljadw# jo` kwgiudvw pbjp djgb iod bjw fddo lvi|kol ztkpd okgdc{ iudv pbd cjwp dgj`d

Kp dr~civdw bi| atgb i pbkw lvi|pb kw `vkudo f{ pbd kopdvodp jo` od| i~~ivptokpkdw pbjp pbd kopdvodp jcci|w

Pbd gia~vdbdowkud ~kgptvd bklbcklbpw j d| md{ ~ikopw8

Pbvitlbitp pbd vdwp i pbkw vd~ivp# |d dr~civd pbd w~dgkgw i pbdwd pbvdd ~ikopw ko lvdjp dpjkc# bklbcklbpd` |kpb

fvkd &gjwd wpt`kdw& i giopdop gvdjpivw |bi j~~djv pi bjud ltvd` itp wiad i pbd md{ wdgvdpw pi wtggdd`kol

ko pbkw ajvmdp !! gj~ptvkol jo kogvdjwkol wckgd i pbd lvi|kol ~kd f{ vdjcc{ dafvjgkol |bjp pbd pdgboicil{ bj

gvdjpd`/ Kpw j wpiv{ i j vj~k`c{ gbjolkol ajvmdp !! ftp j wpiv{ i wtggdww jo` i~~ivptokp{ jp dudv{ ptvo i

pbiwd |bi to`dvwpjo` bi| pi ~vi~dvc{ dafvjgd pbd gbjoldw/

\bjp giadw itp kw to`dokjfcd !! `dw~kpd wiad ~jvpkdw kowkwpkol ipbdv|kwd/ Pbd jaitop i aiod{ jo` giopdo

ko pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ bjw jc|j{w pvdo`d` t~|jv`w/ Pbd i~~ivptokp{ cdudcw jvd pvdadoìtw/ Pbd vdj

gbjccdold kw iv gvdjpivw jo` gia~jokdw pi ltvd itp bi| fdwp pi gj~ptvd pbjp i~~ivptokp{ !! dw~dgkjcc{ ko pbd

jgd i lvi|kol gia~dpkpkio/ Ftp# jfwictpdc{ oi|bdvd kw pbdvd jo{ wtlldwpkio pbjp pbd iudvjcc dopdvpjkoado

ko`twpv{ kw jp vkwm/ Kowpdj`# kp kw gcdjv/ Pbd wm{ kw vkwkol pi kogvd`kfcd od| bdklbpw/

Eiv giowtadvw# pi`j{ kw jo:/ jld ie jfwictpd jfto`jogd ko dopdvpjkoadop/ Aivd giopdop kw jujkcjfcdko aivd |j{w pbjo dudv fdivd/ K |d wka~c{ li f{ pbd pdvaw i pbd TW Giowpkptpkiow gcjtwd via

|bkgb gi~{vklbp gjad# kp wddaw gcdjv pbjp pbd ~vilvdww i wgkdogd jo` pbd twdtc jvpw kw fdkol

~viaipd` !! dudo jw gi~{vklbp kw ipdo fdkol kloivd` iv ivdliod/ Pbdvd kw htwp j pvdadoìt

jaitop i giopdop# j pvdadoìtw ujvkdp{ i giopdop# kpw aivd jggdwwkfcd pi aivd ~di~cd pbjo dud

fdivd/

Eiv giopdop gvdjpivw# kp kw jo6/ jld ie jajxkol od| i~~ivptokp{/ Pvj`kpkiojcc{# pi pjmd ~jvp ko pbd

dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{# {it bj` oi gbikgd ftp pi li pbvitlb j ljpdmdd~dv# |bkgb wdvud` pi mdd~

pbd ujwp ajhivkp{ i ~di~cd |bi |kwbd` pi fd giopdop gvdjpivw via dudv ajmkol jo{ aiod{ jp jc

via giopdop gvdjpkio/ Pi`j{# pbjp kw oi cioldv pvtd/ Aivd ~di~cd jvd ajmkol aivd aiod{ via

gvdjpkol giopdop pbjo dudv fdivd !! |kpb atgb i pbjp giakol ukj od| piicw pbjp bjud jcci|d`jvpkwpw pi twd pbd kopdvodp pi gvdjpd# ~viaipd# kwpvkftpd jo` aiodpkxd pbdkv |ivmw/

Eiv pbd pvj`kpkiojc ak``cdado# pbd kopdvodp7/ vd~vdwdopw fipb j gbjccdold jo` jo i~~ivptokp{

Pbdvd kw oi ìtfp pbjp pbd kopdvodp bjw djpdo j|j{ jp wiad pvj`kpkiojc adjow f{ |bkgb pbdwd

ftwkodwwdw aj`d aiod{/ Ftp# jw pbd `jpj wbi|w# pbdvd kw aivd aiod{ likol ko pi pbd iudvjc

ajvmdp# aivd giopdop fdkol gvdjpd`# jo` ajo{ od| |j{w pi ajmd aiod{/ Pbjp wbi|w pbjp pbdvd

kw j ftwkodww ai`dc gbjccdold !! jo` j ajvmdpkol gbjccdold !! ftp atgb aivd i~~ivptokp{ ko pbd

ciol vto/ Pbd md{ gbjccdold iv ftwkodww kw ko ltvkol itp bi| pi gj~ptvd aivd i pbd lvdjpd

vdudotd fdkol ldodvjpd` f{ pbd |k`dv dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{/ Cdljg{ ~cj{dvw gdvpjkoc{ jgd j ci

aivd gia~dpkpkio "jo` d|dv vdjwiow pbjp jvpkwpw bjud pi ì `djcw |kpb pbda+ !! |bkgb gjo dr~cjko

wiad i pbd ~tfckg gia~cjkopw jfitp pbd djpb i ujvkitw ko`twpvkdw !! ftp iudvjcc# kpw gcdjv pbjp f{

dafvjgkol od| i~~ivptokpkdw# pbdvd jvd ~cdop{ i |j{w pi wtggdd`/


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I~~ivptokpkdw Jfito`8Dojfcdvw# Oip Ljpdmdd~dvw

Iod ie pbd md{ cdwwiow ko pbd lvj`tjc wbkep ko ajvmdp ~i|dv ko pbd dopdvpjkoadop ko`twpv{ pbdwd`j{w kw pbjp pbd ~i|dv ie pbd ic` ljpdmdd~dvw kw `dgckokol# dudo jw pbd iudvjcc ko`twpv{ lvi|w/Pbd ~i|dv# kowpdj`# bjw `dokpdc{ aiud` `kvdgpc{ pi pbd giopdop gvdjpivw pbdawdcudw# |bi oi

cioldv odd` pi li pbvitlb j udv{ ckakpd` otafdv ie ljpdmdd~dvw# |bi iepdo ~viuk`d `djc pdvawpbjp wklokgjopc{ ckakp pbd gvdjpivw jfkckp{ pi ajmd j ckukol/

Kowpdj`# |bjp bjw bj~~dod` kw j ajhiv od| i~~ivptokp{ bjw i~dod` t~# oip eiv ljpdmdd~dvw# ftpeiv ivljokxjpkiow pbjp dojfcd jvpkwpw pi ì pbd `kdvdop pbkolw pbjp pbd eivadv ljpdmdd~dv twd`pi ì !! ftp |bkcd vdpjkokol atgb aivd giopvic# jw |dcc jw j aivd `kvdgp gioodgpkio |kpb ejow/Pbvdd lvdjp drja~cdw ie pbkw jvd Mkgmwpjvpdv# Pi~W~ko jo` Fjo`gja~/

Jp pbd gciwd ie 6>::# Mkgmwpjvpdv jooitogd` pbjp# iudv pbd gitvwd ie pbd {djv# htwp jfitp $:>> akcckiobj` fddo ~cd`ld` pi jvpkwpw pbvitlb kpw gvi|èto`kol ~cjpeiva/ \bkcd oip jcc ie pbd ~cd`ldàiod{ lidw pi wtggdwwetc ~vihdgpw# pbd gia~jo{ ~vihdgpd` pbjp j~~virkajpdc{ $20 akcckio `k`#

ko ejgp# ajmd kp pi pbiwd giopdop gvdjpivw |biwd ~vihdgpw |dvd wtggdwwetcc{ eto`d`/ Mkgmwpjvpdv|ivmw f{ lkukol jvpkwpw j |j{ pi cdp ejow gvi|èto` pbd gvdjpkio ie od| |ivmw/ Pbjp kw# vjpbdvpbjo fdkol j ~cjpeiva eiv `kvdgpc{ ft{kol j |ivm jcvdj`{ gvdjpd`# kp cdpw jvpkwpw idv `kdvdoppkdvw pbvitlb |bkgb ejow gjo bdc~ eto` j ~vihdgp# ko pbd bi~d ie vdjgbkol j eto`kol pbvdwbic` eivpbd |ivm pi fd gvdjpd`/ Ioc{ jepdv pbd pbvdwbic` kw adp ìdw pbd aiod{ gbjold bjo`w/

Jcc wivpw ie gvdjpkud |ivmw jvd eto`d` ukj Mkgmwpjvpdv# jo` ko 6>::# iudv $76 akcckio |jw ~cd`ld`pi ca % uk`di# jcaiwp 6> akcckio |jw ~cd`ld` pi atwkg# iudv 4 akcckio ~cd`ld` pi ~tfckwbkol#jo` odjvc{ $0 akcckio ~cd`ld` pi ljadw/ Jo`# ie gitvwd# Mkgmwpjvpdv kw htwp iod ie j otafdv iewkakcjv ~cjpeivaw/ Bi|dudv# pbkw wbi|w pbjp oip ioc{ jvd giowtadvw |kcckol pi wt~~ivp ajo{

jvpkwpw |bdo lkudo pbd gbjogd# ftp pbjp pbdvd jvd od| ftwkodww ai`dcw pbjp ldp jvito` pbdpvj`kpkiojc ljpdmdd~dvw/ Iod ie pbd md{ vdjwiow eiv likol |kpb j pvj`kpkiojc ~cj{dv |jw pi ldppbjp kokpkjc eto`kol pi gvdjpd pbd jvp/ Ftp ~cjpeivaw ckmd Mkgmwpjvpdv# Ko`kdLiLi# ^cdldAtwkg joìpbdvw vitpd jvito` pbd ic` ~cj{dvw/

Pi~W~ko kw jo kopdvdwpkol ~cj{dv pbjp ~viuk`dw piicw pi giopdop gvdjpivw "atwkgkjow# caajmdvw#jtpbivw jo` aivd+# pi jcci| pbda pi aivd djwkc{ gvdjpd j `kvdgp!pi!ejo vdcjpkiowbk~ ukj pbdkv|dfwkpd/ Pbkw kogct`dw pbjp jfkckp{ pi wpvdja# wdcc iv idv t~ ì|ocij`w "wiadpkadw |kpbgio`kpkiow+# ftp jcwi pbd jfkckp{ pi wdcc advgbjo`kwd jo` pbkolw ckmd `kvdgp giogdvp pkgmdp wjcdw/

Ko pbd aiwp vdgdop `jpj vdcdjwd` evia Pi~W~ko# pbd judvjld pvjowjgpkio ~vkgd pbd{ wj| |jw $65/

Jo` |bdo jo idv kogct`d` j pkgmdp eiv j ckud dudop# pbd judvjld wbip jcc pbd |j{ t~ pi 22/ Jo`pbd otafdv j~~djvw pi fd vkwkol/ J {djv djvckdv# Pi~W~ko oipd` pbjp kpw judvjld pvjowjgpkio ~vkgd|jw jfitp 66/ \bjp pbkw wbi|w# jljko# kw pbjp ~di~cd jvd |kcckol pi w~do` ke jvpkwpw idv pbdvklbp pbkol !! jo` kp wtlldwpw pbjp ejow jvd dudo aivd |kcckol pi w~do` bklbdv jaitopw |bdo pbd{moi| pbd aiod{ kw likol kvdgpc{ pi pbd jvpkwpw# vjpbdv pbjo kopi j cjvld gia~jo{ |bi aj{ odudv~j{ vi{jcpkdw/ Pbjp wtlldwpw j fkl i~~ivptokp{ ko jvpkwpw likol kogvdjwkolc{ `kvdgp pi ejow# vjpbdvpbjo gia~cdpdc{ lkukol t~ vdudotd wpvdjaw pi ljpdmdd~dvw/


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Ekojcc{# j pbkv` ~cj{dv ko pbd w~jgd# Fjo`gja~# cdpw atwkgkjow wdp t~ wka~cd giopdop wpivdw eivpbdkv |ivmw "jo` jcwi jcci|w eiv wpvdjaw# ~j{!|bjp!{it!|jop# evdd iv gio`kpkiojc `i|ocij`w+/\bkcd oip jw fkl jw Mkgmwpjvpdv# pbd gia~jo{ vdgdopc{ jooitogd` pbjp# eiv htwp pbd aiopb ie@dgdafdv# kp bdc~d` jvpkwpw ajmd iudv j akcckio `iccjvw/ ^dvbj~w pbd aiwp kopdvdwpkol wpjpkwpkgpbdvd kw pbjp |bdo lkudo pbd i~pkio ie ~j{kol!|bjp!{it!|jop eiv jcftaw |kpb j wtlldwpd` ~vkgd#jo ka~vdwwkud 0> ie pbd pkad# ejow jvd |kcckol pi ~j{ aivd pbjo pbd wtlldwpd` ~vkgd/

Ifukitwc{# pbdwd od| ~cj{dvw jvd wajccdv pbjo pbd ic` ljpdmdd~dvw pi`j{/ Ftp pbd pvdo` ckodwjvd ka~ivpjop# jw jvd |bjp pbd `jpj wbi|w/ Pbd md{ ~ikop kw pbjp od| ftwkodwwdw# |bkgb jgpjw dojfcdvw vjpbdv pbjo ljpdmdd~dvw# jvd w~vkolkol t~ pi jcci| pbd jvpkwpw pi fd gdopvjc pi pbd~vigdww# jo` oip ckakp pbdkv jfkckp{ pi ajmd j gjvddv itp ie pbdkv |ivmw/ Jo` pbiwd dojfcdvw gjofd ddgpkud eiv pbiwd |bi twd pbda |dcc/

Etvpbdvaivd# pbd `jpj evia djgb ie pbdwd dojfcdvw wtlldwp pbjp giowtadvw jvd |kcckol pi w~do`#jo` pbd{vd iepdo |kcckol pi w~do` aivd# ke pbd{ eddc pbjp pbd{vd vdjcc{ ldkol wiadpbkol ie ujctdjo` pbdvdw j `kvdgp gioodgpkio pi pbd jvpkwp/


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Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol ::# giad`kjo Citkw GM ~vdwdopd` j ~dvedgp drja~cd ie bi| jo jvpkwp gitc`vdcdjwd giopdop jo` ajmd aiod{ ko od| jo` drgkpkol |j{w/ Bd aj`d j iod!bitv w~dgkjc ie jckud ~dveivajogd ie bkw od| wpjo`t~ vitpkod# ftp vjpbdv pbjo li pbd pvj`kpkiojc vitpd ie ajmkol

kp kopi j PU w~dgkjc# j @U@ iv j G@# bd `dgk`d` pi vdcdjwd kp `kvdgpc{ pi bkw ejow io pbd kopdvodp#eiv j wka~cd 4 ~j{adop/

Bd eigtwd` io ajmkol pbd ~vigdww jw jfwictpdc{ wdjacdww jw ~iwwkfcd8 ~j{adop |jw djw{ "{it`kòp bjud pi wklo t~ eiv jo{pbkol+ jo` pbd cdw bj` oi @VA pi cigm pbda t~ iv ajmd pbkolw`kgtcp/ [it htwp ~jk` jo` lip pbd uk`di/

Ftp |bjp |jw atgb aivd kopdvdwpkol |jw bi| bd |dop jfitp ajvmdpkol pbkw jo` ldkol ~di~cdpi ft{/ Bd gbiwd pi pvtc{ gioodgp |kpb ~di~cd f{ fdkol i~do# btajo jo` j|dwiad/

Pbd vwp ~jvp pbjp aj`d kp |ivm |jw pbjp bka fdkol i~do/ Ko cjtogbkol pbd `djc# bd dr~cjkod`pbd wkptjpkio# dr~cjkod` |b{ bd |jw ikol pbkolw pbd |j{ bd |jw "jo` pbjp kp |jw jo dr~dvkadop+jo` dr~cjkod` |b{ bd bi~d` {it |itc` ft{ kp/ Bd `kòp bk`d pbd ejgp pbjp {it gitc` jcaiwpgdvpjkoc{ ldp kp eiv evdd iockod pbvitlb tojtpbivkxd` adjow/ Bd htwp dr~cjkod` |b{ bd bi~d`{it |itc` gbiiwd ipbdv|kwd/ Io pi~ ie pbjp# bd cjpdv |jw drgd~pkiojcc{ i~do ko dr~cjkokol pbdvdwtcpw ie pbd dr~dvkadop !! bklbcklbpkol oip htwp bi| atgb bd aj`d "kogct`kol j wgvddowbip iepbd j{~jc jggitop+# ftp jcwi dr~cjkokol bkw dr~dowdw jo` drjgpc{ bi| bd |jw likol pi `kwpvkftpdpbd aiod{/ Pbkw mko` ie i~doodww aj`d ~di~cd dudo aivd |kcckol pi ~j{/

Wdgio`# bd |jw btajo/ Bd kòp giad jgviww jw giv~ivjpd iv ejmd/ Bd gjad jgviww jw jtpbdopkg

jo` btajo/ Bd `k` wi f{ fdkol ~ickpd jo` dudo vdcjpkol wiad ie bkw edjvw jo` pbitlbpw jw bd|dop kopi pbd dr~dvkadop/ Ko j``kpkio# io pbd wjad `j{ bd vdcdjwd` pbkw uk`di# bd |dop io pbd~i~tcjv `kwgtwwkio wkpd Vd``kp# jo` vjo j ztdwpkio jo` jow|dv wdwwkio "gjccd` jo JAJ !! eivjwm ad jo{pbkol+ |bdvd bd gbjd` |kpb piow ie ejow# jcc |bkcd dr~cjkokol |b{ bd |jw ìkol|bjp bd |jw ìkol/ Pbd giaakpadop pi ì pbjp# jo` pi jow|dv jcc wivpw ie ztdwpkiow ko j vdjcc{btajo ejwbkio# do`djvd` ~di~cd pi bka dudo aivd/ Pbkw |jw dopkvdc{ kdvdop pbjo j pvj`kpkiojcvicc itp |kpb j fkl ajvmdpkol gja~jklo pbjp ifwgtvdw pbd vdjc ~di~cd fdbko` pbd giopdop/ Kp jcwiadjop oip pvdjpkol ejow ckmd gvkakojcw# ftp jw ejow/ Bd |jw jc|j{w udv{ j~~vdgkjpkud ie pbd ejowko jcc ie pbd kopdvjgpkiow/ Jw j |j{ pi gia~dpd |kpb koevkoldadop# pbkw vdjcc{ bdc~w fdgjtwd~di~cd edcp j gioodgpkio |kpb j btajo fdkol# vjpbdv pbjo pbjp pbd{ |dvd fdkol wic` pi f{ jejgdcdww giv~ivjpkio/

Ekojcc{# pbdvdw pbd ~ikop pbjp Citkw GM kw jo j|dwiad giakg/ Pbkw kw jo ka~ivpjop ~ikop pbjp ldpwakwwd` ko `kwgtwwkiow ie pbdwd ftwkodww ai`dcw8 @iop Eivldp Pi Fd J|dwiad "|bkgb kw jcwi pbdojad ie j wajcc ko`d~do`dop vdgiv` cjfdc# |bi wddaw pi ldp pbdwd pbkolw pii+/ Citkw bjw ftkcpt~ j |dcc!`dwdvud` vd~tpjpkio iudv pbd {djvw jw j giakg jaiol giakgw !! iod ie pbd fdwp pbdvdkw/ Pbd vdukd|w ie pbd jgptjc uk`di |dvd jcwi ztkpd bklb/ Oi giopdop kw likol pi fd wtggdwwetc ke


9/36


pbd ztjckp{ kwop pbdvd/ [it gjo bjud pbd fdwp ftwkodww ai`dc ko pbd |ivc`# ftp ke {itv giopdopkw oi lii`# kpw tockmdc{ pi |ivm/ Ko wiad gjwdw# pbiwd |bi jvd gia~cjkokol jfitp ejkctvdw ieftwkodww ai`dcw aj{ jgptjcc{ odd` pi ciim aivd gciwdc{ jp pbd giopdop kpwdce/ Ftp ke pbd giopdopkw j|dwiad# pbdo {it bjud iod ie pbd md{ kolvd`kdopw odd`d`/

Pbd vdwtcpw eiv Citkw GM |dvd ejwp jo` ifukitw/ \kpbko :6 `j{w# bd bj` aj`d iudv $: akcckio

evia pbkw dr~dvkadop !! aivd pbjo bd aj`d evia jo{ ie bkw ~vdukitw uk`di divpw/ Io pi~ie pbjp# Citkw GM giopkotd` bkw i~do# btajo jo` j|dwiad wpvjpdl{ f{ oip htwp wbjvkol pbdvdwtcpw# ftp f{ jooitogkol ~cjow pi fipb lkud bkw pdja cjvld fiotwdw jo` iojpd jfitp j ztjvpdvie pbd kogiad pi gbjvkpkdw !! wiad gbiwdo f{ ejow |bi bj` wtlldwpd` pbda iockod/ Citkw GM`daiowpvjpdw j ~dvedgp gjwd wpt`{ ie bi| {it gjo fd ztkpd wtggdwwetc dudo ko pbd ejgd ie pbd djw{ojptvd ie koevkoldadop8 ajmd pbkolw gbdj~ jo` djw{# ftp jcwi ajmd wtvd pi gioodgp f{ fdkoli~do# btajo jo` j|dwiad/


10/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol ;

Wdgpkio :8 Pbd Uk`di Ajvmdp

Pbd ko`twpv{ wtvvito`kol uk`di ad`kj kw kuk`d` kopi kwpkogpc{ wd~jvjpd gjpdlivkdw8 ca)

aiukdw# pdcdukwkio jo` pbd gjpgb!jcc wkci i iockod uk`di/ Pbdwd uk`di ajvmdp gjpdlivkd

givvdcjpd |kpb pbd ujvkdp{ i ~vi`tgpkio ft`ldp wkxdw "fcigmftwpdv caw ldodvjcc{

bjud fklldv ft`ldpw pbjo PU wbi|w+# ftwkodww ai`dcw "PU vdckdw aivd io jùdvpkwkol

kowpdj` i pkgmdp wjcdw+# `kwpvkftpkio cilkwpkgw jo` ipbdv i~dvjpkiojc ujvkjpkiow/ @dw~kpd

pbd `kdvdogdw fdp|ddo jcc pbdwd ukwtjc |ivmw# bi|dudv# pbdvd kw ifukitwc{ ~cdop{ i

gviwwiudv fdp|ddo pbda# jw PU wbi|w jvd vd!|vkppdo kopi aiukdw# jw aiukdw jvd wbi|o

io PU# jo` jw odjvc{ jcc ivaw i uk`di dudoptjcc{ do` t~ iockod/

Wpjvpkol |kpb pbd ca ko`twpv{# kpw oip pii bjv` pi wdd pbjp pbd ~i~tcjvkp{ i aiukdw bjw

lvi|o wpdj`kc{ iudv kpw gdoptv{!ciol bkwpiv{/ @dw~kpd dgioiakg vdgdwwkiow# pbd aiukd

ko`twpv{ ldodvjcc{ giopkotdw pi jppvjgp wkxjfcd jt`kdogdw pi pbdjpdvw !! jo` pbd ftwkodw

bjw fddo gjccd` d~vdwwkio ~vii# i|kol pi pbd jgp pbjp# dudo tvkol pbd d~pbw i pbd

Lvdjp @d~vdwwkio# aiukd!lidvw otafdvd` fdp|ddo 5> jo` 2> akcckio Jadvkgjow ~d|ddm "|bdo pbd TW ~i~tcjpkio |jw jfitp :66 akcckio+/ Bi|dudv# pbd ko`twpv{ `k` bjud

kpw wbjvd i ~vifcdaw ko pbd :;7>w# ftp kp wtvukud` jo` pbvkud` |kpb kooiujpkud ajvmdpkol

pjgpkgw# wtgb jw ìiv ~vkxdw# ajpkoddw jo` akòklbp wgvddokolw# jo` `kwgitopd` pkgmdp

~vkgdw pi ldp ~di~cd kopi pbdjpdv wdjpw/

Aivd vdgdopc{# pbd aiukd ko`twpv{ bjw jcwi fddo `tffd` vdgdwwkio ~vii# `td pi pbd

fir igd pkgmdp wjcdw pbjp bjud bdc` t~ vjpbdv |dcc ko gia~jvkwio pi ipbdv ko`twpvkdw

Ko 6>>2# @vdja\ivmw Jokajpkio GDI Hdvd{ Mjpxdofdvl wjk`# Fipb pvj`kpkiojcc{ jw |dc

jw vdgdopc{# |d bjud wddo pbjp itv ~vi`tgp kw# jp |ivwd# vdgdwwkio!vdwkwpjop jo`# aivd

i~pkakwpkgjcc{ jo` bkwpivkgjcc{# bjw jgptjcc{ fddo vdgdwwkio!~vii/ J``kpkiojcc{# jggiv`kolpi pbd A^JJ# pipjc |ivc`|k`d fir igd pkgmdp vdudotdw bjud kogvdjwd` f{ 64# via

$64/4 fkcckio ko 6>>5 pi $7:/2 fkcckio ko 6>:>/

Jggiv`kol pi ^|G vd~ivpw

pbjp kogct`d aiukd

vdudotdw fd{io` htwp

fir igd pkgmdp wjcdw# pbd

ca ko`twpv{ bjw lvi|o

|ivc`|k`d f{ jcaiwp

5 iudv pbd ud!{dj~dvki` via 6>>4 pi 6>:>

drgdd`kol j~~virkajpdc{ $26 fkcckio ko ujctd/ Eiv jo ko`twpv{ pbjp gcjkaw pi fd ~cjltd`

f{ ~kvjg{# pbkw wpdj`jwp cdudc i lvi|pb tvkol pbd Lvdjp Vdgdwwkio j~~djvw pi htwpk{ pbd

fijwptc wpjpdadopw i fdkol vdgdwwkio ~vii/

Ciimkol jp pbd |ivc`|k`d ~vi`tgpkio i caw# pbd TODWGI Kowpkptpd iv Wpjpkwpkgw

{djv TW % Gjoj`j "$ Fkcckiow+ \ivc`|k d "$ Fkcckiow+

6>>5 ;/6 64/4

6>>< ;/5 65/6

6>>2 ;/5 6>; :>/5 6;/0

6>:> :>/5 7:/2


11/36

:> Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol

"jo ivljokxjpkio pbjp wdvudw pbd Tokpd` Ojpkiow+ bjw

fddo mdd~kol pvjgm i ujvkitw gtcptvjc dudopw# wtgb

jw ztjopk{kol pbd otafdv i djptvd!cdolpb caw

~vi`tgd`# ko j wtvud{ i iudv j bto`vd` gitopvkdw wkogd

:;;4/ Kopdvdwpkolc{# pbd TWJ kw oip pbd cjvldwp ~vi`tgdv i

djptvd!cdolpb caw jo` bjw oip bdc` pbjp pkpcd iv ajo{

{djvw/ "Pbd TW ca ko`twpv{ kw wpkcc pbd cjvldwp ko pdvaw ifir igd vdudotdw# bi|dudv/+ Ko`kjw Ficc{|ii` ~vi`tgdw

|dcc iudv j pbitwjo` caw ~dv {djv# ajmkol kp pbd aiwp

~vickg ca!ajmkol ojpkio/ "Ko`kj giadw ko jp pbkv` |kpb

fir igd vdudotdw i $6/6 fkcckio ko 6>:> fdbko` pbd TWw

$:> fkcckio jo` Hj~jow $6/4 fkcckio# jo` Gbkoj bjw ioc{

vdgdopc{ wtv~jwwd` pbd $6 fkcckio pbvdwbic`/+ Odrp io pbd ~vi`tgpkio ckwp# Okldvkjw Oicc{|ii` bjw pjmdo wdgio`

~cjgd ko pbd vjgd pi ~vi`tgd aiukdw# gbtvokol itp odjvc{ j pbitwjo` caw ~dv {djv jkad` jp j pbvkukol biad

pbdjpdv ajvmdp/ "Okldvkj jgptjcc{ ~vi`tgd` aivd caw pbjo Ko`kj gkvgj 6>> djptvd!cdolpb aiukdw aj`d djgb

{djv/ Iudvjcc# pbdwd ~vi`tgpkio otafdvw iop wtlldwp jo{ mko` i j wci| i|o ko pbd ~vi`tgpkio i aiukdw/ Ko

jgp# ~jvp i pbd vdjwio iv Okldvkjw ka~vdwwkud aiukd ltvdw

kw pbjp pbd giwp i ca ~vi`tgpkio kw vdajvmjfc{ ci| !! cdww

pbjo $:>>#>>> !! jo` Okldvkjo aiukd!ajmdvw bjud fddo

j`d~p jp mdd~kol pbdkv ft`ldpw ci| |bkcd dr~jo`kol pbdk

jt`kdogd vdjgb/ Jo` jw pbd giwpw i klkpjc uk`di ~vi`tgpkio

giopkotd pi `dgckod# pbd lcifjc ca ko`twpv{ ciimw udv{

bdjcpb{ jw aivd jt`kdogdw gjo fd vdjgbd` aivd djwkc{ jo`

aivd gbdj~c{/

Ko j``kpkio pi djptvd!cdolpb caw# pbdvd jvd jcwi j |k`d ujvkdp{ i wbivpdv aiukdw pbjp jvd oip wi |dcc jggitopd`

iv/ Pbd aiwp ~viuigjpkud drja~cd kw pbd j`tcp ca ko`twpv{ |bkgb kw ipdo gkpd` pi fd j atcpk!fkcckio ìccj

ajvmdp# ftp drjgp otafdvw iv kp jvd `kgtcp pi giova/ Ko 6>>:# Eivfdw ~tfckwbd` jo dwpkajpd pbjp jwwtad`

jvito` :7#>>> uk`di vdcdjwdw |dvd gvdjpd` dudv{ {djv jo` ~dlld` pbd dopkvd TW ~ivo ko`twpv{ pi fd ujctd` j

cdww pbjo $0 fkcckio/ Pbd |k`dw~vdj` ~kvjg{ i pbdwd p{~dw i aiukdw kw ~tpjpkudc{ tfkztkpitw# ftp `dw~kpd pbkw

gi~{vklbp kovkoldadop# ~vd`kgpkiow iv pbd dakwd i pbd j`tcp ca ajvmdp wdda pi fd `kwakwwd` djwkc{# lkudo

pbjp pbd `dajo` iv j`tcp dopdvpjkoadop wddaw pi fd likol wpviol/

Ipbdv caw pbjp `dwdvud pi fd adopkiod` jvd ko`d~do`dop caw pbjp ìop ldodvjpd ajkowpvdja fir igd

pkgmdp wjcdw/ Ko 6>::# pbd Wto`jogd ca dwpkujc vdgdkud` jvito` 0#>>> dopvkdw# jo` ko`d~do`dopc{!ojogd`

caw jvd fdkol ~vi`tgd` |kpb vdod|d` ukliv jw ~vi`tgpkio giwpw bjud `vi~~d`/ Gvi|`to`kol wkpdw ckmdMkgmWpjvpdv iv kvjpdA{Ekca bjud dogitvjld` aivd jo` aivd caajmdvw pi pv{ pi ~vi`tgd wbivp caw ko tokztd

|j{w !! wtgb jw aiukdw cad` dopkvdc{ |kpb gdcc ~biodw iv twkol k^biodw iv aj`d ko to`dv 6 `j{w "iv ko cdww

pbjo 60 bitvw+/ Etvpbdvaivd# ko`d~do`dop caw bjud ito` aivd jo` aivd itpcdpw pi vdjgb ukd|dvw jp biad

|kpb wdvukgdw ckmd Odpekr# CiudEkca# EkcaFjf{# Ejoìv# dpg/ \kpb pbd giwp i fipb ~vi`tgpkio jo` `kwpvkftpkio

jcckol `vjajpkgjcc{# `kdvdop i~pkiow iv |jpgbkol aiukdw jvd aivd |k`dc{ jujkcjfcd pbjo dudv fdivd# |bkgb

gvdjpdw jo doukvioadop |bdvd j ci| ft`ldp ca gjo ~ipdopkjcc{ fdgiad doivaitwc{ ~i~tcjv/ Drja~cdw ckmd

{djv ' i djptvd caw ~vi`tgd` lcifjcc{

6>>4 4574

6>>5 4644

6>>< 50:5

6>>2 6>

6>>;


12/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol ::

^jvjoivajc Jgpkukp{# Pbd Fcjkv \kpgb ^vihdgp jo` D

Ajvkjgbkaklbp fd vjvd# ftp pbd{ jcwi `daiowpvjpd

pbd udv{ vdjc ~iwwkfkckp{ iv aiukdajmdvw pi

~vi`tgd kogvd`kfc{ ~vipjfcd caw |kpbitp j $6>>

akcckio ft`ldp/ Pbdvd aj{ fd wiad drjlldvjpkiow

vdljv`kol aiukd ft`ldpw# ftp adaivjfcd "jo`

~vipjfcd+ wpiv{pdcckol ìdwop odgdwwjvkc{ vdztkvdjoJujpjv!wkxd` ft`ldp/

Ko pbd djvc{ `j{w i PU# j givvdcjpkio fdp|ddo pbd

lvi|pb i PU |jpgbkol jo` pbd `dgckod i aiukd

jppdo`jogd "jo` aiukd pkgmdp vdudotdw ko pbd cjpd

:;0>w+ wddad` pi wtlldwp pbjp ~di~cd ~vddvvd` pi

wpj{ jp biad ko od|c{!ivad` wtftvfw pi |jpgb PU

vjpbdv pbjo li pi j aiukd pbdjpdv/ Ifukitwc{# pbjp

pvdo` `k` oip mkcc pbd aiukd ko`twpv{# jo` PU `kòp

gia~cdpdc{ vd~cjgd likol pi aiukd pbdjpdvw/ Ftp

PU |jpgbkol bjw fdgiad pbd wkolcd aiwp ~i~tcj

jgpkukp{ pbjp Jadvkgjow ì ko pbdkv vdd pkad# |kpb

Jadvkgjow w~do`kol jfitp bjc pbdkv cdkwtvd pkad

"6/< bitvw j `j{+ |kpb j PU/ ^d`kjpvkgkjow jvd dudo

|jvokol ~jvdopw pbjp pbdvd kw wiad wgkdopkg

duk`dogd wtlldwpkol mk`w jvd |jpgbkol pii atgb

PU/ Ko j wtvud{ i {itol ~di~cd "gbkc`vdo jld` 2 pi

:2+# |jpgbkol PU giopdop kw aivd pbjo gia~jvjfcd

pi j tcc!pkad hif !! |kpb mk`w |jpgbkol iudv > fkcckio ko 6>:>/ Jggiv`kol pi ipbdv ^|G

ltvdw# PU jùdvpkwkol w~do`kol bjw fddo wcklbpc{

aivd uicjpkcd pbjo PU wtfwgvk~pkio w~do`kol# ftpkp wpkcc drgdd`d` $:4> fkcckio lcifjcc{ `tvkol pbd

Lvdjp Vdgdwwkio !! jo` `k` wi `dw~kpd lvi|kol

gia~dpkpkio |kpb kopdvodp jùdvpkwkol/ Tockmd pbd

vdgdwwkio!~vii ca ko`twpv{# pbd PU ftwkodww

kwop wi kaatod via pbd ddgpw i dgioiakg

vdgdwwkiow/ Bi|dudv# itpwk`d i jùdvpkwkol

Gjwd Wpt`{8D` Ftvow Od|c{|d`w8 Fjgm Pi Pbd Viipw=

Wka~cd# Gbdj~ % Lii`

D` Ftvow |jw jo drpvdadc{ wtggdwwetcko`d~do`dop caajmdv# mkgmkol i bkwgjvddv |kpb pbd Fvipbdvw AgAtccdo# |bkgb kwgiowk`dvd` iod ie pbd aiwp wtggdwwetc ko`kdcaw/ Aj`d eiv jfitp 64#>>># kp fvitlbp ko iudv$:> akcckio !! jo` ljud Ftvow j ~jpb pi wtggdwwko pbd pvj`kpkiojc Bicc{|ii` wpt`ki w{wpda/ Koejgp# bd j~~djvd` ko j ed| Bicc{|ii` caw# ftpbjw giopkotd` pi wpkgm gciwd pi bkw ko`kd viipw/

\bkcd wiad ko`kd caajmdvw jvd ko`kd!ko!ojad ioc{ "wpkcc wklokol btld `djcw# ftp ìkolkp itpwk`d pvj`kpkiojc ajhiv wpt`kiw+# Ftvow bjw

vdjcc{ fddo pdwpkol itp jcc wivpw ie od| |j{wie ajmkol# ajvmdpkol jo` wdcckol ko`kd caw/Bkw aiwp vdgdop ca vdjcc{ wbi|w pbd jajxkoljfkckp{ pi ajmd j bklb ztjckp{ ca io pbd gbdj~/Pbd Od|c{|d`w giwp j lvjo` pipjc ie ;#>>> piajmd !! |kpb aiwp ie pbjp aiod{ likol pi pbdjgpivw kouicud`/ Bd twd` j fjwkg @WCV gjadvjpbjp htwp jfitp jo{iod gjo ft{# ftp |bkgb ciimwkogvd`kfc{ ~viedwwkiojc/ Itpwk`d ie pbjp# pbd{twd` ojptvjc cklbp |bdvdudv pbd{ gitc`# jo`witlbp itp cigjpkiow pbjp |itcòp giwp aiod{

"wtgb jw jwmkol j evkdo` |bi i|ow j vdwpjtvjopke pbd{ gitc` ca pbdvd jw j ejuiv+/

Iod ie pbd fkl ztdwpkiow pbjp kw jwmd` jfitpcaajmkol ko pbkw `j{ jo` jld kw bi| gjo fklwpt`kiw vdgit~ $6>> akcckio ft`ldpw/ Ftvowbjw k~~d` pbjp ztdwpkio io kpw bdj`# jo`jwmd` |b{ atwp ft`ldpw fd wi fkl/ Ko jo dvj iegbdj~dv jo` fddv piicw# kpw ~iwwkfcd pi ajmdejopjwpkg aiukdw eiv atgb cdww aiod{/ Kpw

pbdo wklokgjopc{ djwkdv pi ~vip i ie pbiwdaiukdw/

Pbd do` vdwtcp kw j cip aivd ~di~cd ajmkol j cipaivd caw !! jo` aivd ie pbiwd caw ajmkolaivd ~di~cd aiod{/ Kp aj{ oip cdj` pi aivd6>> akcckio caw# ftp kpw togcdjv ke pbd |ivc`vdjcc{ odd`w pbjp ajo{ wtgb caw/


13/36

:6 Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol

ft`ldpw# giowtadvw jvd wpkcc |kcckol pi wtfwgvkfd pi pdcdukwkio wdvukgdw ko wklokgjop otafdvw dudo |bdo vdd

iudv!pbd!jkv fvij`gjwpw jvd |k`dc{ jujkcjfcd/

Bkwpivkgjcc{# pbdvd bjud fddo udv{ d| ko`twpvkdw pbjp jvd gia~cdpdc{ ka~dvukitw pi dgioiakg iv pdgboicilkgj

gbjoldw# wi kp wbitcòp fd pii wbigmkol pbjp pbd jùdop i `klkpjc uk`di kw wpjvpkol pi gjookfjckxd ~jvpw i pbd

iudvjcc uk`di ko`twpv{/ Pbd aiukd ko`twpv{ bjw cdljcc{ gjpdlivkxd` wiad ivaw i iockod uk`di `kwpvkftpkio j

~kvjg{# ftp cdljc jo` cdlkpkajpd iockod aiukdw ì drkwp !! jo` jvd dudo wjogpkiod` f{ wiad aiukd wpt`kiw jwpbd{ dr~dvkadop |kpb vdcdjwkol aiukdw |kpb aivd biad ukd|kol i~pkiow "wtgb jw Uk`di Io @dajo` iv iockod

wpvdjakol udvwkiow+ wkatcpjoditwc{ |kpb "iv fdivd+ pbdjpvkgjc vdcdjwdw/ Pbdwd `klkpjc `kwpvkftpkio adpbi`w i

aiukdw jo` wbi|w jvd wpkcc ko pbdkv kojog{# ftp pbd gioudokdogd iv ukd|dvw gvdjpdw ujctjfcd wdvukgdw !! |bkgb

j~~djv pi fd ko lvi|kol `dajo` jw pvj`kpkiojc pdcdukwkio odp|ivmw jvd fdlkookol pi ~viuk`d pbdkv i|o iockod

uk`di wpvjpdlkdw/ Iockod PU wbi|w jvd jcwi wpjvpkol pi ~tcc gjfcd)wjpdcckpd PU wtfwgvkfdvw j|j{ via pbdkv wd

pi~ firdw# ftp oip ko doivaitw otafdvw htwp {dp/ Wpkcc# pbd ~ipdopkjc iv iockod uk`di kw lvdjp doitlb pbjp kp

gjop fd kloivd`# jo` ajo{ gia~jokdw "fipb pvj`kpkiojc ad`kj jo` oip+# ckmd J~~cd# Udvkxio jo` BFI Li# jvd

ciimkol pi idv aivd `kvdgp!pi!giowtadv iockod uk`di wdvukgdw/

^tvdc{ iockod uk`di wdvukgdw jvd gcdjvc{ oip {dp giccdgpkol vdudotdw jp pbd wjad wgjcd jw pbd pvj`kpkiojc PU jo`

ca ko`twpvkdw# ftp pbd wkxd i pbkw jt`kdogd kw toztdwpkiojfc{ cjvld/ Vdgdopc{# Ukadiw wtfwgvk~pkio wdvukgd i

iockod uk`diw wpjpd` pbjp kp bjw vdjgbd` :4>#>>> ~j{kol wtfwgvkfdvw itp i kpw pdow i akcckiow i tokztd ukd|dvw

Ipbdv iockod ~cj{dvw ckmd [itPtfd iop vdc{ io j wtfwgvk~pkio ai`dc jo` bjud wpjvpd` ldodvjpkol jùdvpkwkol

vdudotdw t~|jv`w i $0>> akcckio ko 6>:># jo` [itPtfdw jt`kdogd kw ztkpd cjvld |kpb iudv :>> akcckio tokztd

ukd|dvw "giowdvujpkudc{+ ko j aiopb/ Ko 6>::# [itPtfd jcwi wdvud` t~ iudv j pvkcckio ukd|w i kpw |k`d ujvkdp{ i

iockod uk`di giopdop# jo` pbkw iockod uk`di lkjop kw jkakol pi gia~dpd |kpb pvj`kpkiojc pdcdukwkio odp|ivmw

Pi jppvjgp dudo aivd jùdvpkwdvw# [itPtfd kw ~cjookol pi w~iowiv jo` ~viuk`d aivd ~vidwwkiojcc{!~vi`tgd`

giopdop pi j`` pi kpw jcvdj`{ kaadowd jaitop i jajpdtv uk`di/ Ka~vdwwkudc{# [itPtfd vdgdkud`# via aiwpc{

jajpdtvw# iudv 02 bitvw i uk`di giopdop dudv{ akotpd ko 6>::# t~ via twdvw t~cij`kol 2 bitvw i uk`di

~dv akotpd ko 6>>


14/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol :7

jt`kdogdw/ \jpgbkol uk`diw bjw fdgiad iod i pbd aiwp ~i~tcjv jgpkukpkdw pi `i# iv odjvc{ jcc jld lvit~w

wi pbd `dajo` iv uk`di giopdop j~~djvw pi fd drpvdadc{ wick`/ Pbd aiukd ko`twpv{ aj{ oip fd gia~cdpdc{

vdgdwwkio!~vii# ftp pbdvd jvd udv{ d| ko`twpvkdw pbjp `i jw |dcc jw pbd aiukd ko`twpv{ |bdo pbd dgioia{

wkomw/


15/36


Gjwd Wpt`{8Mduko Wakpbw Vd` Wpjpd8 ^vipkol F{ Juik`kol Pbd Ljpdmdd~dvw

Mduko Wakpb kw j ejaitw jo` wtggdwwetc caajmdv !! |vkpdv# `kvdgpiv jo` jgpiv !! |bi|dop ko j `kdvdop `kvdgpkio |kpb j vdgdop ca# Vd` Wpjpd/ Bkwpivkgjcc{# Wakpb kw moi|oeiv bkw btaivitw caw# iepdo pjvldpd` jp {itol ado/ Bi|dudv# j ed| {djvw fjgm bd bj`pbd k`dj eiv j bivviv)pbvkccdv ca gjccd` Vd` Wpjpd/ Lkudo bkw bkwpiv{ ko pbd giad`{ |ivc`#bd eito` kp aivd `kgtcp pbjo ko pbd ~jwp pi ldp ojogkol eiv pbd ca/ Jp iod ~ikop# bdgiowk`dvd` ejo!eto`kol pbd ca# ftp gbjold` bkw ako` jepdv wiad ~di~cd wjk` kp |itcòdudv |ivm/ Bd bjw wjk` vd~djpd`c{ wkogd pbdo pbjp bd aj`d j akwpjmd ko oip ejo!eto`kolpbd ca/

Bd `dgk`d` pbjp bd |itc` oip ajmd pbd wjad akwpjmd |bdo kp gjad pi `kwpvkftpkol pbdca/ Jepdv ftkc`kol t~ wiad ~vdww ftxx jfitp pbd ca# bd ~viakwd` pi jtgpkio kp i pij `kwpvkftpiv "pbd pvj`kpkiojc |j{ caw jvd wic`+ jp Wto`jogd/ Bi|dudv# jp pbd dudop# bdwic` pbd ca pi bkawdce# jo` wjk` pbjp bd# jo` bkw ~vi`tgdv# Hio Livìo# bj` wdp t~pbdkv i|o `kwpvkftpkio gia~jo{# jo` pbd{ |itc` fd `kwpvkftpkol kp pbdawdcudw/ Ftp pbd

md{ ~jvp |jw pbjp bd# bkawdce# |jw likol pi pitv |kpb pbd ca pbvitlb pbdjpdvw/

Kpw ka~ivpjop pi vdgilokxd j ed| pbkolw/ Wakpb# iudv pbd {djvw# bjw ftkcp t~ j cjvld jo`ci{jc eicci|kol oip htwp |kpb bkw caw# ftp jgpkudc{ gioodgpkol |kpb bkw ejow ko ipbdv |j{wjw |dcc/ Bd |jw iod ie pbd vwp caajmdvw pi fd udv{ jgpkud iockod# wdkol t~ bkw i|oadwwjld eivtaw# |bkgb bd jgpkudc{ twd` pi doljld |kpb ejow/ Aivd vdgdopc{# bd piim pi~i`gjwpkol# ftkc`kol t~ oip htwp j wkolcd ~i`gjwp# ftp jo dopkvd iockod vj`ki odp|ivm ie~i`gjwpw# fvij`gjwpkol jcc pbd pkad# jo` ìkol ckud wbi|w jo` pitvw/ Io pi~ ie pbjp# bdwfddo j udv{ jgpkud P|kdv twdv# doljlkol `kvdgpc{ |kpb piow ie ejow/

Wd~jvjpd evia pbjp# bd bjw ftkcp t~ j "|dcc!`dwdvud`+ vd~tpjpkio jw j ejopjwpkg ~dveivadv)

wpiv{ pdccdv jp pbd ujvkitw ztdwpkio!jo`!jow|dv dudopw bd bjw bdc` iudv pbd {djvw/ Iudvpbd ~jwp ed| {djvw# bd bjw pitvd` pbd |ivc` ìkol Z%J wdwwkiow "|bkgb iepdo bjud bklb!~vkgd` pkgmdpw+/

Wi# |bdo kp gjad pkad pi ~viaipd Vd` Wpjpd# bd jggtvjpdc{ vdgilokxd pbjp bd kòp odd` j`kwpvkftpiv eiv pvj`kpkiojc ajvmdpkol iv `kwpvkftpkio/ Kowpdj`# bd gitc` pjmd pbd aiukd iopitv bkawdce# jo` twd bkw btld "jo` ci{jc*+ P|kdv fjwd pi bjo`cd pbd ajvmdpkol/ Moi|kolpbjp bkw ejow jcvdj`{ ~j{ cjvld wtaw pi wdd bka ì j Z%J# bd |jw jfcd pi fto`cd pbd p|ipildpbdv# jo` ì j ca pitv |kpb j Z%J# adjokol pbjp bkw ~dv pkgmdp wjcd ~vkgd |jwjgptjcc{ pbd bklbdwp ko pbd ftwkodww |bkcd pbd pitv |jw iolikol/ Evia pbdvd# |bkcd bd

witlbp pi ì j pvj`kpkiojc ca vdcdjwd !! |bkgb bd jàkd` |jw aivd wdopkadopjc pbjojo{pbkol dcwd !! bd jcwi jgpkudc{ dafvjgd` jo{ jo` jcc eivaw ie uk`di!io!`dajo`# ajmkolwtvd pbjp pbd aiukd |jw jujkcjfcd ko jcaiwp jo{ ajoodv pbjp j ejo aklbp |jop pi |jpgbkp/

Pbd vdwtcpw |dvd ka~vdwwkud/ Bd fjvdc{ w~dop j kad io ajvmdpkol "bd w~dop jfitp ;#>>>io j`w pbjp |dvd vdztkvd` eiv Iwgjv giowk`dvjpkio# pbitlb bd bjpd` bjukol pi ì wi+#


16/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol :4

adjokol pbjp bkw aiukd bj` pi vdgit~ j cip cdww pbjo jo{ aiukd likol j aivd pvj`kpkiojcvitpd/ Jw bdw adopkiod`# |bkcd aiwp ~di~cd moi| pbd giwp pi ajmd j aiukd# pbd{ `iopvdjckxd pbjp htwp jw atgb# ke oip aivd# kw j``d` io pi~ ko ajvmdpkol giwpw# jcc ie |bkgb odd`pi fd vdgit~d` fdeivd jo{ ~vip kw aj`d/

Bi|dudv# ko Wakpbw gjwd# bd |jw jfcd pi etcc{ vd~j{ bkw koudwpivw htwp evia pbd kokpkjcpitv jo` wdcckol eivdklo vklbpw/ Pbjp adjow# |kpbko aiopbw ie pbd ca fdkol gia~cdpd`#kp |jw ko pbd fcjgm# jo` jcc j``kpkiojc vdudotd |jw ~tvd ~vip/ Pbkw kw jcaiwp dopkvdc{tobdjv` ie ko pbd aiukd ftwkodww/ F{ `ikol pbkolw `kdvdopc{# bd |jw jfcd pi gvdjpd judv{ wtggdwwetc# ~vipjfcd aiukd udoptvd/

Iod eiipoipd io pbkw wpiv{8 fdgjtwd ie j cdljg{ pbdjpdv w{wpda pbjp bjw jcwi fddo vdwkwpjoppi j`j~pkol# ajo{ pbdjpdvw wbtp Vd` Wpjpd itp evia jo{ wivp ie |k`dw~vdj` pbdjpvkgjcvdcdjwd# ko ~vipdwp ie bka ~twbkol pbd aiukd pi uk`di!io!`dajo` fdeivd wbi|kol kp ko pbdpbdjpdvw/ Pii iepdo |d wdd wtgb cdljg{ ~cj{dvw ~vdudop |k`dv wtggdww/


17/36


Wdgpkio 68 Pbd Fiim ^tfckwbkol Ajvmdp

Bkwpivkgjcc{# pbd giowtadv fiim ko`twpv{ bjw fddo vdcjpkudc{ kaatod pi dgioiakg

ì|optvow# jggiv`kol pi ^vkgd|jpdvbitwdGii~dvw "^|G+ Lcifjc Dopdvpjkoadop jo`

Ad`kj Itpciim# jo` pbd otafdvw wdda pi giova pbjp giowtadvw giopkotd pi vdj`

dudo |bdo pkadw jvd pitlb/ Evia 6>>2 pi 6>:># pbd fiim ~tfckwbkol ko`twpv{ |jwop

lvi|kol f{ cdj~w jo` fito`w# ftp tockmd j cip i ipbdv ko`twpvkdw `tvkol pbjp pkad

~dvki`# kp `kòp jcc/

Gitopkol t~ jcc pbd fiimw ~tfckwbd` ko j {djv kw oi wajcc pjwm/ Pbd Tokpd` Wpjpdw

kw# f{ jcc jggitopw# pbd cjvldwp ajvmdp iv fiimw/ Pbd otafdv i Jadvkgjo ~tfckwbdvw

"kogct`kol wajcc# ko`d~do`dop ~vdwwdw+ |jw dwpkajpd` pi fd jfitp 7#>>> ko pbd :;w

Pbjp otafdv lvd| pi iudv 5>#>>> ~tfckwbdvw f{ pbd do` i pbd 6>pb gdoptv{/ Jo` iud

pbd ~jwp `dgj`d# pbd jujkcjfkckp{ i ~vkop!io!`dajo` pdgboicil{ bjw aj`d kp wiad|bj

gbjccdolkol pi `dokpkudc{ wpjpd bi| ajo{ ~tfckwbdvw drkwp# jwwtakol |d |jop pi gito

wdc!~tfckwbkol jw j cdlkpkajpd ftwkodww jgpkukp{/ "\d ì/+ Pbd `kgtcp{ i `dpdvakokol

bi| ajo{ ~tfckwbdvw drkwp kw dw~dgkjcc{ jgtpd# k pbd vicd i j ~tfckwbdv kw wka~c{ `dod`

f{ pbd jfkckp{ pi `kwpvkftpd pdrp pi j |k`d jt`kdogd/ Jtpbivw gjo "jo` bjud+ fdgiad pbdk

i|o ~tfckwbdvw jw pbd pdgboicil{ pi ~tfckwb pdrp bjw fdgiad kogvd`kfc{ jiv`jfcd

jo` |k`dc{ jujkcjfcd pi jo{iod |kpb pbd ~jwwkio pi |vkpd/ Jw jo drpvdad drja~cd# pbd

~vilvdww i pdgboicil{ bjw jcci|d` iod ^bkck~ A/ ^jvmdv pi fdgiad j b{~dv!~vickg

jtpbiv# i|kol pi bkw :>>#>>>- fiim pkpcdw# |bkgb bd jclivkpbakgjcc{ ldodvjpdw via

~tfckg `jpj "jo` wdccw io jajxio/gia+/

Bi|dudv# pbd otafdv i fiim

~tfckwbdvw kw okpd# wi jcc kw oip ciwp Pbd KWFO "Kopdvojpkiojc Wpjo`jv

Fiim Otafdv+ ~viuk`dw j vdgiv`

i fiim pkpcdw pbjp bjud fddo

vdlkwpdvd` f{ jo KWFO Jldog{# ftp

oip dudv{ fiim ~tfckwbdv ifpjkow jo

KWFO/ Wpkcc# pbkw kw pbd j~~vijgb pbjp

FiimWpjpw twd` ko kpw adpbiìcil{

pi dwpkajpd pbd wkxd i pbd TW fiim

ajvmdp via 6>>2 pi 6>:>/ @tvkol

pbjp pkad# 74#2>> ~tfckwbdvw vdlkwpdvd` |kpb jo KWFO jo` FiimWpjpw ljpbdvd` koivajpkiovia :#;57 i pbiwd ~tfckwbdvw/

Ko kpw vwp jootjc wpt`{ i pbd TW ~tfckwbkol ko`twpv{# FiimWpjpw wtvud{d` jfitp j git~cd

pbitwjo` ~tfckwbdvw iv ltvdw wtgb jw pbdkv jootjc vdudotdw jo` tokp wjcdw `jpj/ Jo`

via pbdwd otafdvw# FiimWpjpw gvdjpd` j ai`dc pi drpvj~icjpd pbd dopkvd TW fiim ajvmdp

fjwd` io pbd ~vkajv{ `jpj ~viuk`d` f{ ~tfckwbdvw |bi |dvd |kcckol pi ~jvpkgk~jpd


18/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol :> fkcckio ko 6>>0 jo` bjw lvi|o pi jcaiwp $::> fkcckio ko 6>:>/ Giowk`dvkol pbjp pbd Lvdjp Vdgdwwkio

iggtvvd` tvkol pbjp pkad vjad# pbjpw jgptjcc{ j jkvc{ ka~vdwwkud vjpd i lvi|pb i jfitp ; iudv < {djvw |kpb

j gia~ito` jootjc lvi|pb vjpd i jcaiwp :/4 "jcpbitlb pbd jgptjc {djv!iudv!{djv otafdvw fitogd` jvito`

j ckppcd+/ Eiv Oivpb Jadvkgj "oip htwp pbd TW+# pbd fiim ko`twpv{ lvd| via jfitp $62 fkcckio pi j ckppcd iudv $77

fkcckio iudv pbd wjad ~dvki` i pkad !! kogvdjwkol jfitp :7 iudv < {djvw/ Pbdwd ltvdw jvd ifukitwc{ j~~virkajpd

jo` ckmdc{ wtfhdgp pi j wklokgjop ajvlko i dvviv/ Ftp pbdwd otafdvw jlvdd |kpb ipbdv dwpkajpdw pbjp pbd fiim

~tfckwbkol ajvmdp bjw oip

wbvtom# ftp vjpbdv bjw bdc`

kpw lvito` jo` dr~jo`d`

dudo |bkcd pbd lcifj

dgioia{ dr~dvkdogd`

bkwpivkgjcc{ fj` pkadw/

Ko ipbdv vd~ivpw# pbd

wkxd i pbd lcifjc fiim

~tfckwbkol ajvmdp bjw

jcwi fddo dwpkajpd` pi fd

jvito` $::: fkcckio "2>

{djv vdudotd "fkcckiow+ gbjold tokpw wic` "fkcckiow+ gbjold

6>>2 $65/4 6/0>; $6:> $6>0 $6; :>>

6>>4 $7: 5/; :>5 5/>

6>>5 $7: > :>0 !:/;

6>>< $76 7/6 ::> 4/2

6>>2 $77 7/: ::> >

6>>; $77 > :>2 !:/2

6>:> $77 > :>; >


19/36


fkcckio dtviw+ f{ ivljokxjpkiow wtgb jw pbd Kopdvojpkiojc ^tfckwbdvw Jwwigkjpkio "K^J+# t~ wklokgjopc{ via

kpw dwpkajpd i j~~virkajpdc{ $>5/ Pbjp |itc` fd j vdajvmjfcd lvi|pb vjpd "iudv 4>*+# ftp

pbd K^J bjw ioc{ vdgdopc{ wpjvpd` gia~kckol gia~vdbdowkud wpjpkwpkgw io lcifjc ~tfckwbkol jo` kpw vdwdjvgbdvw

jàkp pbjp kpw j kgtcp pjwm !! cjvldc{ td pi pbd odjv!jfwdogd i wpjpkwpkgw iv wtf!Wjbjvjo Jvkgj jo` pbd Jvjf

|ivc`/ Tcpkajpdc{# pbitlb# pbdvd wddaw pi fd giowdowtw pbjp pbd iudvjcc wkxd i pbd fiim ~tfckwbkol ajvmdp k

wpdj`{ ko pdvaw i ~tfckwbdv vdudotdw jo` giowtadv w~do`kol/ Jo`# jajxkolc{# pbkw wpdj`kodww vdajkow jak`

dgioiakg ptvaikc/

Kopdvdwpkolc{# |bkcd pbdwd ajvmdp dwpkajpdw ~ikop pi j vdajvmjfc{ wpjfcd doukvioadop iv pbd fiim ~tfckwbkol

ko`twpv{# |d wbitc` jcwi ~tp pbdwd otafdvw kopi giopdrp/ Pbd fiim ~tfckwbkol ko`twpv{ ìdw oip drkwp ko

j ujgtta !! jo` fiimw jvd ko gia~dpkpkio iv giowtadv jppdopkio jljkowp j |k`d ujvkdp{ i ipbdv ivaw i

dopdvpjkoadop# wtgb jw aiukdw# uk`di ljadw jo` dudo itpìiv jgpkukpkdw/ J``kpkiojcc{# |d bjud ~tv~iwdc{

drgct`d` ipbdv vdj`kol ajpdvkjcw ckmd od|w~j~dvw# ajljxkodw# jw |dcc jw pbd dcd~bjop ko pbd viia# pbd ujwp

jaitop i pdrptjc koivajpkio io pbd kopdvodp !! fcilw# p|ddpw# iockod giakgw jo` gitopcdww ipbdv |dfwkpdw/ Iod

aklbp dr~dgp dopdvpjkoadop pi fd j xdvi!wta ljad# ftp wiadbi| dudo ko gia~dpkpkio |kpb otadvitw ipbd

jgpkukpkdw pbjp gitc` pjmd j|j{ via pbd fiim ajvmdp# pbd fiim ko`twpv{ bjw vdajkod` kogvd`kfc{ wpjfcd/

Ko jgp# `dw~kpd jcc pbd wpivkdw pbjp oi iod vdj`w fiimw jo{aivd# pbdvdw fddo j gtvkitw kogvdjwd ko pbd otafd

i fiimw pbjp |dvd ~vi`tgd` ko vdgdop {djvw/ "Jo` ìop ivldp# jw |d fvkde{ adopkiod` djvckdv# FiimWpjp

dwpkajpd` pbjp pbd otafdv i fiimw wic` ko pbd TW bjw jcwi kogvdjwd` wkogd 6>>2/+ Jggiv`kol pi V/V/ Fi|mdv#

pbd otafdv i pvj`kpkiojc fiim pkpcdw ~vi`tgd` lvd| 4 ko 6>:> gia~jvd` pi 6>>;# jo` pbd itp~tp i oio

pvj`kpkiojc pkpcdw "wtgb jw ~vkop!io!`dajo` fiimw# wdc!~tfckwbd` |ivmw jo` akgvi!okgbd ~tfckgjpkiow+ wijvd`

:5;/ Fi|mdv bjw fddo mdd~kol pvjgm i KWFO vdlkwpvjpkiow# jo` wkogd 6>>6# pbd otafdv i pvj`kpkiojc fiimw

bjw lvi|o f{ 0>6 6:4#:72 76#57; 60#>;2 65#660 655#766

6>>0 64 64:#;>7 7>#4;< 626#4>>

6>>5 6>< 620#7 :67#6>2 62;#>; 7>6#0:> :#>77#>54 :#774#0:> 7:5#02> 6#;6#


20/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol :;

ko pbd giwpw pi ~vi`tgd jo` `kwpvkftpd fiimw bjw

i~dod` t~ kootadvjfcd i~~ivptokpkdw/ Jtpbivw |kpb

okgbd jt`kdogdw gjo pbvkud oi|j`j{w# |bdvdjw pbd{

aklbp odudv bjud fddo `kwgiudvd` !! iv bj` pbdkv

ajotwgvk~pw wka~c{ vdhdgpd` iv ~tfckgjpkio ko pbd

~jwp/ Ko`d~do`dop jtpbivw bjud dckakojpd` wiad i

pbd ak``cdado kouicud` ko fiim ~tfckwbkol# wi dudok pbd dr~iodopkjc lvi|pb i oio!pvj`kpkiojc fiimw

bjwop vdwtcpd` ko dr~iodopkjc vdudotd lvi|pb# pbd

~vip ajvlkow iv ko`kuk`tjc jtpbivw gjo fd bklbdv

pbjo dudv fdivd/

Kopdvdwpkolc{# pbd fiim ajvmdp `kòp wptafcd `tvkol

pbd Lvdjp Vdgdwwkio# jo` kp wbitc` fd oipd` pbjp

pbkw djp |jw ~dvivad` dudo pbitlb pbd adpvkgw

ko pbkw ko`twpv{ vdc{ bdjukc{ io pbd wkolcd vdudotd

wpvdja i htwp wdcckol ~b{wkgjc# ~vkopd` fiimw !! tockmd

ipbdv gvdjpkud ko`twpvkdw# |bkgb jcwi djvo wklokgjop

vdudotdw via witvgdw wtgb jw jùdvpkwkol# ckgdowkol

jo` bjv`|jvd wjcdw/ Ldodvjcc{# aiukd ckgdowkol `djcw

bjud oip fddo gitopd` ko dwpkajpdw i pbd wkxd i pbd

fiim ajvmdp/ "Jo` wiad jvltd pbjp aiukd ckgdowkol

bjw oip fddo ~jvpkgtcjvc{ wtggdwwtc iv pbd ajhivkp{

i vklbpw i|odvw i fiimw/+ J``kpkiojcc{# pbd wjcdw

i dfiim bjv`|jvd "d/l/# pbd Mko`cd# Oiim# k^j`# dpg/+

jvd jcwi oip kogct`d` ko pbd fiim ko`twpv{/ Bi|dudv#

pbdwd mko`w i jcpdvojpkud witvgdw i vdudotd jvd

fdlkookol pi fd dr~civd` !! dw~dgkjcc{ jw pbd dfiim

ajvmdp ajptvdw jo` jw ~tfckwbdvw dr~dvkadop tvpbdv

|kpb ftwkodww ai`dcw/ J wjckdop drja~cd i j gviww!

~cjpiva fiim vjogbkwd kw pbd t~giakol iockod uk`di

ljad# îppdvaivd# fjwd` io pbd ~i~tcjv Bjvv{ îppdv

wdvkdw/ H/M/ Vi|ckolw ~tfckwbdv jcwi bjw vtaivd` ~cjow

iv j wigkjc odp|ivm jo` dfiimw# pi fdgiad io!likol

vdudotd ldodvjpivw iv pbd Bjvv{ îppdv vjogbkwd

"ko j``kpkio pi advgbjo`kwkol jo` jùdvpkwkol

i~~ivptokpkdw+/

Pbd pi~kg i dfiimw kw ifukitwc{ jo ka~ivpjop wdgpiv

i pbd fiim ko`twpv{# ftp jcpbitlb pbdvd bjud fddo

ujvkitw dcdgpviokg fiim dukgdw giaadvgkjcc{ jujkcjfcd

wkogd pbd :;;>w# pbd ~i~tcjvkp{ i dfiim bjv`|jvd kw

ioc{ htwp wpjvpkol pi vdjcc{ pjmd i/ Jo` f{ htwp jfitp

dudv{ adpvkg# pbd ajvmdp iv dfiimw kw wijvkol/ Wjcdw

Gjwd Wpt`{8HJ Miovjpb jo` Fjvv{ Dkwcdv8

Pbd Od| I~~ivptokpkdw Ko Wdce!^tfckwbkol

Pbdwd p|i jtpbivw ie a{wpdv{ pbvkccdv oiudcwbjud fddo ajmkol ztkpd j fkp ie od|w eiv pbdkv`dgkwkiow pi dafvjgd dfiimw `kvdgpc{/ Fipbbjud fddo ~tfckwbd` f{ pbd fkl pvj`kpkiojc~tfckwbdvw ko pbd ~jwp "|kpb Dkwcdvw fiimwfdkol fdwp wdccdvw+# ftp fipb bjud `dgk`d` kpwwklokgjopc{ aivd fdodgkjc pi htwp vdcdjwddfiimw `kvdgpc{ io pbdkv i|o iv# aivdjggtvjpdc{# |kpb aivd ai`dvo ~jvpodvw |bijgp aivd jw dojfcdvw pbjo jw ljpdmdd~dvw/

Oip ioc{ i pbd{ bjud aivd giopvic iudv pbd|ivm# ftp pbd{ ajmd aivd aiod{/ Pbjpw

fdgjtwd# to`dv pbd pvj`kpkiojc ai`dc# pbdcjvld ~tfckwbdvw ~viuk`d udv{ wajcc vi{jcpkdwpi jtpbivw/ Miovjpb jo` Dkwcdv k` pbd ajpb#jo` vdjckxd` pbjp |kpbitp bjukol pi lkud t~;>$ pi ~tfckwbdvw# pbd{ gitc` ~vkgd pbdkvfiimw j cip ci|dv# ftp wpkcc ajmd aivd aiod{~dv wjcd/ F{ pbdo ajmkol kp djw{ jo` gbdj~pi ~tvgbjwd pbdkv |ivmw# pbd{ gitc` ajmdaivd aiod{ ko pipjc/

Ko ejgp# ko vtookol ujvkitw dr~dvkadopw#

Miovjpb eito` pbjp jw bd fvitlbp pbd ~vkgdie bkw fiim ci|dv jo` ci|dv pi jvito`>/;;# bd aj`d kogvdjwkolc{ aivd aiod{"jo` ftkcp t~ jo dudo cjvldv ejo fjwd+/ F{etvpbdv gioodgpkol |kpb pbiwd ejow# jo` dudodogitvjlkol ejow pi ldp evdd gi~kdw ie wiadie bkw fiimw# bd |jw jfcd pi ftkc` t~ jo dudocjvldv ci{jc jt`kdogd# |bi |dvd aivd pbjo|kcckol pi hta~ jp pbd gbjogd pi wt~~ivpbka `kvdgpc{# jw bd gjad itp |kpb djgb od|

fiim/

Miovjpb vdgdopc{ oipd` pbjp bdw wic` iudv>#>>> dfiimw# jo` ko @dgdafdv ie 6>::aj`d $:0>#>>> evia dfiim wjcdw/ \kpbitp j~tfckwbdv/ Pbdvd jvd gcdjvc{ btld ~ipdopkjcvd|jv`w eiv pbiwd |bi jvd jfcd pi dafvjgdpi`j{w i~~ivptokpkdw# |bkcd ~vi`tgkolztjckp{ |ivm/


21/36

6> Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol

i dfiimw bjud vkwdo wbjv~c{ iudv pbd cjwp pbvdd {djvw

jggiv`kol pi FiimWpjpw# f{ :7:/; via 6>>2!6>:>

Pipjc dfiim vdudotdw ko 6>:> |dvd jfitp $:/56 fkcckio

Tokp wjcdw lvi|pb iv dfiimw iudv pbd wjad ~dvki`

|jw 70>> pi iudv :>>#>>> ko htwp p|i{djvw# |kpbitp jo{ ipbdv ajvmdpkol divp/

Jepdv wddkol wkakcjv vdwtcpw dcwd|bdvd# bdojcc{ |dop ~tfckg |kpb pbkw jo` gioukogd`bkw ~tfckwbdv# Bjv~dv Gicckow# pi fd aivdgiaeivpjfcd |kpb jgptjcc{ vdcdjwkol igkjc`klkpjc udvwkiow ie bkw fiimw eiv evdd/

Wkogd pbdo# Gidcbi bjw vdajkod` joitpw~imdo wt~~ivpdv ie twkol evdd`kwpvkftpkio jw j |j{ pi ftkc` t~ jo dudocjvldv jt`kdogd# jo` bjw {dp pi wdd bkw wjcdwwtdv ko jo{ |j{/ Ko ejgp# pbd vdwtcpw bjudfddo htwp pbd i~~iwkpd/

Ie gitvwd# kpw jcwi |ivpb oipkol pbjp tvkolpbkw pkad# Gidcbi bjw vdajkod` udv{ doljld`|kpb bkw ejow/ Twkol P|kdv# Ejgdfiimjo` [itPtfd drpdowkudc{# bdw vdltcjvc{ ko

giopjgp |kpb ajo{ ie bkw ejow/ Bdw jcwigvdjpd` ljpbdvkolw# jo` dogitvjld` bkw ejowpi gvdjpd j aiukd itp ie iod ie bkw fiimw#~kdgkol pildpbdv `kdvdop ejo!gvdjpd`wdgpkiow kopi jo iudvjcc |ivm/ \bjp bdwwbi|o kw pbjp# |bdo `iod vklbp# pbdwd piicwpbjp jvd iepdo fcjad` eiv `dwpvi{kol pbdko`twpv{# gjo fd twd` pi pbd j`ujopjld iepbd jvpkwpw "jo` ejow+/


22/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol 6:

vd~cjgdadop iv j ~vkopd` fiim/ D!vdj`dvw

bjud fjppdvkdw pbjp gjo `kd# ~jldw pbjp jvdo

jc|j{w ukd|jfcd ko wtocklbp# vdwpvkgpkiow

io bi| pbd{ gjo fd wbjvd`# jo` t~viop

bjv`|jvd giwpw pbjp jvd j wklokgjop fjvvkdv pi

dopv{ iv ajo{ giowtadvw/ Pbdwd `i|owk`dw

pi dfiimw jvd oip likol pi fd gia~cdpdc{dckakojpd` jo{pkad wiio# wi ~j~dv!fjwd`

fiimw jvdop `dj` htwp {dp/

Pbjp wjk`# dfiim wjcdw vdudotdw bju

vdgdopc{ wtv~jwwd` pbd $: fkcckio ajvm# jo`

jvd ~vihdgpd` pi pvk~cd ko giakol {djvw/ Pbjp

|itc` ajmd dfiimw wpkcc ioc{ jfitp j pdopb

pbd wkxd i pbd iudvjcc TW fiim ajvmdp# ftp pbd vjpd i lvi|pb i dfiimw kw jwpito`kol jo` gjo oip fd kloivd`

Jcwi# pbd dgioiakgw i dfiimw ~ikopw pi|jv`w j tptvd |bdvd ~tfckwbdvw wbitc` giowk`dv pbdkv dfiim wpvjpdl{

jw pbdkv ~vkajv{ igtw !! |kpb ~vkopd` fiimw fdgiakol jmko pi wdcckol mdd~wjmdw/ Pbd cilkg fdbko` pbkw jwwdvpkio

kw pbjp pbd ~vipjfkckp{ i ~vkopkol ~b{wkgjc fiimw bjw fddo `dgckokol# jo` dudo |kpb ~vkop!io!`dajo`# pbdvd

kw oi pdgboicil{ io pbd bivkxio pbjp gjo ajmd ~vkopkol io ~j~dv jw gbdj~ jw wpivkol# gi~{kol jo` `kw~cj{kol

`klkpjc fkpw/ Jo dopkvd ckfvjv{ i fiimw gjo fd bdc` ko j wkolcd bjo` io wiad `klkpjc `dukgd# jo` pbd pdgboicil{

pbjp dojfcdw ujwp jaitopw i koivajpkio pi fd vdj`kc{ jujkcjfcd kw oip likol pi `kwj~~djv/

Pbd pdgboicil{ pbjp dojfcdw |k`dw~vdj` `kwpvkftpkio i k`djw jo` moi|cd`ld wbitc` oip fd ukd|d` ko

odljpkud cklbp/ \bkcd pvj`kpkiojc ~tfckwbkol vdudotdw aj{ fd odljpkudc{ jdgpd` f{ pbd lvi|kol `dajo` i

dfiimw |kpb ci|dv tokp ~vkgkol# pbd wictpkio kw oip pi vdwpvjko pbd lvi|pb i `klkpjc |ivmw !! ftp pi dogitvjld

dudo aivd lvi|pb/ Pbkw kw iod i pbd vjvd gjwdw |bdvd pbd ~vjgpkgjc jow|dv pi ci|dv ~vip ajvlkow gjo jgptjcc{

fd pi kogvdjwd uictad/ Pbd vkwmw jwwigkjpd` |kpb ~vi`tgkol dfiimw jvd `vjajpkgjcc{ ci|dv pbjo ajojlkol j

~vkopkol vto i j ~j~dv fiim/ Wiad bjud wtlldwpd` pbjp ~tfckwbdvw odd` pi tcc{ dafvjgd `klkpjc ~tfckwbkol

f{ eii`kol pbd ajvmdp |kpb dfiim pkpcdw !! ajmkol vdudotd |bdvdudv kp kw ~iwwkfcd jo` lvi|kol ~vip |kpb

kaadowd wgjcd via wdcckol ci|!giwp dfiimw jo` gvdjpkol j gioudokdop ajvmdp~cjgd iv giowtadvw |kpb jo

jcc!pbd{!gjo!djp ftdp/ Pbjp wtlldwpkio aj{ fd j Tpi~kjo ukwkio# ftp j bjc!adjwtvd j~~vijgb i vdwpvkgpkol

wiad pkpcdw pi ~vkopd` d`kpkiow gvdjpdw j ajvmdp~cjgd |kpb ~ipdopkjcc{ ckakpd` giowta~pkio via giowtadvw

bjukol pi ojukljpd gia~cdr ~tvgbjwkol fjvvkdvw/Pbd jodg`ipjc drja~cdw i Jajxio/gia jo` J~~cd ~viuk`kol

gioudokdop :!gckgm wbi~~kol dr~dvkdogdw lkudw wiad duk`dogd pbjp giowtadvw lvjukpjpd pi|jv`w wka~cd

~vkgkol jo` dckudv{ adpbi`w/ Fiim ~tfckwbdvw jvd jcvdj`{ dr~dvkadopkol |kpb ujvkitw ivaw i dfiim ~vkgkol

ai`dcw# wi ftwkodww ai`dcw jvd gtvvdopc{ fdkol pdwpd`# jo` kp wddaw ckmdc{ pbjp dfiimw |kcc giopkotd pbdk

vj~k` lvi|pb !! dw~dgkjcc{ jw wiad i pbd ztdwpkiow jvito` ftwkodww ai`dcw wpjvp pi wdppcd to`dv vdgilokxjfcd

~jppdvow i |bjp |ivmw/

Ko pbd fiim ko`twpv{# pbdvd bjw fddo j bkwpiv{ i wpjfkckp{ iv ~tfckwbdvw jo` j jkvc{ giopkotitw wpvdjm i jo

kogvdjwkol ~vi`tgpkio i fiim pkpcdw/ Pbdvd kw jcvdj`{ jo doivaitw jo` lvi|kol wt~~c{ i fiim pkpcdw fdkol

~vi`tgd`# aivd pbjo dudv fdivd# jo` pbdvd jvd fipb vkwmw jo` i~~ivptokpkdw pi li jciol |kpb pbkw pvdo`

Pbd vkwmw ckd aiwpc{ |kpb pvj`kpkiojc ~tfckwbdvw pbjp jvd vdckjop io j ~vi`tgpkio ~vigdww |kpb bklb t~vio

giwpw# |bkgb vdztkvd ajwwkud wjcdw otafdvw iv j fvdjm!dudo ~ikop/ Bi|dudv# jw pbd giwpw i ~vi`tgpkio jo`


23/36


`kwpvkftpkio `dgvdjwd# pbdvd jvd ~cdopktc i~~ivptokpkdw iv wdc!~tfckwbkol jo` oio!pvj`kpkiojc ~tfckwbkol

Pvj`kpkiojc ~tfckwbdvw |kcc odd` pi j`j~p pi j ajvmdp pbjp aj{ oi cioldv giopjko j wbivp ckwp i ~vd`kgpjfcd

fdwp!wdcckol pkpcdw# ftp pbd `kudvwkgjpkio i fiim gjpdlivkdw wbitc` ajmd kp djwkdv# oip bjv`dv# pi wdcc aivd jo`

aivd fiim pkpcdw/

Pbdvd jvd j``kpkiojc jgpivw pbjp jcwi ~ikop pi j fvklbp tptvd iv fiimw/ Io j udv{ ajgviwgi~kg cdudc# pbd

|ivc` ~i~tcjpkio giopkotdw pi lvi|# jo` ckpdvjg{ vjpdw jvd ldodvjcc{ kogvdjwkol/ "Pbdvd jvd giogdvpd` divpwpi w~vdj` ckpdvjg{ jcc iudv pbd lcifd# jo` wiad dudci~kol ojpkiow aj{ fd jfcd pi pjmd j`ujopjld i pbd ci|d

kovjwpvtgptvjc giwpw i dfiimw ko kooiujpkud |j{w/+ Jw kw~iwjfcd kogiad cdudcw pdo` pi kogvdjwd# pbdvd bjw jcwi

fddo j givvdcjpd` kogvdjwd ko ad`kj giowta~pkio# |bkgb kogct`dw vdj`kol fiimw jaiol ipbdv jgpkukpkdw/ Ko

pbd TW# pbdvd jvd vitlbc{ 56/0 akcckio juk` vdj`dvw# |bi w~do` aivd pbjo 4 bitvw ~dv |ddm vdj`kol/ Wpt`kdw

bjud ito` pbjp ckfvjv{ ~jpviow pdo` pi vdj` aivd jo` jcwi ~tvgbjwd aivd fiimw# wi pbd ~iwwkfkckp{ pbjp pbd

jujkcjfkckp{ i vdd fiimw gitc` do` pbd giaadvgkjc ajvmdp iv fiimw bjw jp cdjwp wiad dr~dvkadopjc duk`dogd

pi pbd giopvjv{/ Ko ldodvjc# pbd |ivc` kw bdj`d` pi|jv`w ldodvjpkol aivd fiimw jo` aivd k`djw |kpb djwkd

jo` gbdj~dv jggdww pi koivajpkio jo` ad`kj/ Pbd ~jpb pi ldp pi j |ivc` i tfkztkpitw fiimw aj{ oip fd djw{

iv dudv{ jtpbiv iv ~tfckwbdv# ftp pbd jllvdljpd ajvmdp ciimw ztkpd ~viakwkol/


24/36


Wdgpkio 78 Pbd Atwkg Ajvmdp

@dokol pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ kw pvkgm{ !! kp gjo fd `dod` ko wdudvjc `kdvdop |j{

jo` djgb adpbi` gjo cdjud itp wklokgjop wdladopw i pbd ajvmdp/ Eiv kowpjogd

ujvkitw atwkg ivljokxjpkiow jo` liudvoadop wpjpkwpkgw ìop gitop "iv ujwpc{

to`dv!gitop+ giopvkftpivw pi pbd atwkg ko`twpv{# wtgb jw wdc!da~ci{d` jvpkwpw

|bi aklbp |ivm ~jvp!pkad iv atwkgkjow |ivmkol iv oio!~vip jgpkukpkdw ckmd

wgbiicw# gbtvgbdw iv ipbdv gtcptvjc udotdw/ Pbdvd jvd jcwi wdudvjc ko`d~do`do

atwkg `kwpvkftpivw pbjp jvdop gitopd` ko ajkowpvdja atwkg ko`twpv{ wpjpkwpkgw

Tcpkajpdc{# atwkg kw j ~dvujwkud ~jvp i ckd# jo` pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ kw oip j

gdopvjckxd`# aioickpbkg ftwkodww/ Pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ kw aj`d t~ i wdudvjc atwkg

ko`twpvkdw !! vjolkol via pbd ajhiv cjfdcw pi ~kjoi pdjgbdvw/ K pbd fiim ko`twpv{

ciimd` jcaiwp pii ujwp pi jggitop iv# pbdo pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ gitc` wdda dudo

aivd jtopkol/

Tockmd fiimw# pbdvd kwop jo jojcilitw KWFO `jpjfjwd iv atwkg pvjgmw# ftp pbdvdjvd wdvukgdw ckmd Lvjgdoipd# |bkgb ~viuk`dw j lcifjc ad`kj `jpjfjwd iv atwkg

"jw |dcc jw uk`diw# |bkgb |dcc `kwgtww wd~jvjpdc{+/ Jggiv`kol pi Lvjgdoipdw

giccdgpd` `jpj# pbdvd jvd iudv :>> akcckio wiolw via iudv 0>>#>>> `kdvdo

jvpkwpw/ \bkcd pbjp wito`w ckmd jo ka~vdwwkud giccdgpkio# kp gdvpjkoc{ ìdwo

giopjko dudv{ `kwpkogp atwkgjc gia~iwkpkio dudv vdgiv`d` iv gia~iwd`# dkpbdv

Bi|dudv# gia~jvd` pi wkakcjv atwkgjc jpjfjwdw# wtgb jw AtwkgFvjkox iv Evdd@F

Lvjgdoipdw jpjfjwd kw vitlbc{ jo iv`dv i ajlokpt`d cjvldv jo` bjw drkwpd` i

iudv j `dgj`d/ Lvjgdoipd jcwi gcjkaw pi giudv j |k`d kopdvojpkiojc `kwpvkftpkio

i atwkg via iudv 6>> gitopvkdw ko aivd pbjo 2> cjoltjldw/

Iudv pbd cjwp pdo {djvw

Lvjgdoipd bjw kogvdjwd`

pbd otafdv i atwkg

pvjgmw ko kpw `jpjfjwd

jcaiwp pdo!ic`# t~ via

jvito` :: akcckio wiolw

ko 6>>:/ Oi|# pbjp lvi|pb

i pbd Lvjgdoipd jpjfjwd

ifukitwc{ kogct`dw j cip i ic`dv atwkg pbjp bjw ioc{ vdgdopc{ fddo ko`drd`# wi kpw

dr~jo`kol ko`dr ìdwop drjgpc{ wdvud jw pbd k`djc ~vir{ iv pbd kogvdjwkol vjpdi ~vi`tgpkio i od| atwkg/ Bi|dudv# pbd pvdo` wpkcc gcdjvc{ ciimw ckmd pbd jaito

i atwkg jujkcjfcd pi giowtadvw kw wpdj`kc{ lvi|kol !! |kpb ckppcd wklo i wci|kol

ì|o/ Aivd jvpkwpw jvd toìtfpd`c{ ajmkol aivd atwkg pi`j{# ftp pbd adpvkgw

iv ~viukol kp jvdop jllvdljpd` ko j gdopvjckxd` |j{/ Ldodvjcc{# ko`d~do`do

atwkgkjow jvdop odgdwwjvkc{ vdlkwpdvkol pbdkv |ivmw jw pbd{ ~dviva pbda# ftp

pbjp wbitcòp pjmd j|j{ via pbd pvdo` pbjp kpw djwkdv pbjo dudv pi vdgiv` jo`

{djvotafdv i pvjgmw ko`drd` f{ Lvjgdoipd

"akcckiow+

6>>: ::

6>>4 05

6>>5 44

6>:: :>>


25/36


~cj{ atwkg jo` pbjp pbd ~vi`tgpkio i atwkg kw vkwkol/

Pbdvd jvd ipbdv atwkg ~vi`tgpkio wpjpkwpkgw# wtgb jw pbd

otafdv i od| jcfta vdcdjwdw# jujkcjfcd via Okdcwdo

Wito`Wgjo/ Udv{ vitlbc{# pdow i pbitwjo`w i jcftaw

jvd vdcdjwd` djgb {djv# fjwd` io Okdcwdow ltvdw/ Okdcwdo

vd~ivpd` j~~virkajpdc{ 72#>>> od| jcftaw |dvd vdcdjwd`ko 6>>7# jo` pbjp otafdv lvd| pi odjvc{ 2>#>>> od|

jcftaw f{ 6>>>2+ |jw ~vi`tgkol atwkg jp #>>> od| jcftaw ko j {djv/ Aivd vdgdopc{# PtodGivd bjw jvltd`

pbjp kp ~vi`tgdw j wklokgjop jaitop i atwkg pbjp Okdcwdo kloivdw !! jo jaitop pbjp gitc` ~iwwkfc{ itfcd pbd

wkxd i pbd ~vi`tgpkio i atwkg ko pbd TW |kpb ;>#>>> od| vdcdjwdw ko 6>>;/ "Io pi~ i pbjp# ipbdv ko`d~do`do

atwkg `kwpvkftpivw jvd jcwi oip gitopd` ko Okdcwdo Wito`Wgjow vd~ivpw !! d/l/# Hjadoì# Wito`Gckgm/+

J``kpkiojcc{# pbdvd jvd ipbdv ~vifcdaw |kpb pvjgmkol pbd gvdjpkio i jcftaw/ Pbd |bicd giogd~p i jo jcfta

kw dvi`kol jw pbd ~i~tcjvkp{ i wkolcd pvjgmw ìakojpdw pbd `klkpjc atwkg ajvmdp/ "Pdcckolc{# atwkg ko`twpv{

pvj`d lvit~w bjud gvdjpd` wpjpkwpkgw vdcjpd` pi jcftaw wtgb jw pvjgm dztkujcdop jcfta "PDJ+ otafdvw pbjp

jppda~p pi gitop atcpk~c{!wic` wkolcd pvjgmw jw pbd wjad jw jo jcfta wjcd/ Kopdvdwpkolc{# jcfta wjcdw otafdv

gitc` jcwi fd gioudvpd` kopi wkolcd pvjgmw wjcdw# ftp pbjp kwop j |k`dc{ twd` adpvkg/+ Tcpkajpdc{# pbitlb# pbd

giogctwkio wbitc` wpkcc fd pbjp pbd ~vi`tgpkio i atwkg kw lvi|kol jo`# jp |ivwp# fdkol ujwpc{ to`dv!gitopd`

Io pbd giowta~pkio wk`d# atwkg kw jcwi fdkol giowtad` jp odj

vdgiv`!wdppkol cdudcw/ Jggiv`kol pi Okdcwdo Wito`Wgjo ltvdw

pbd iudvjcc wjcd i atwkg "kogct`kol jcftaw# wkolcdw# `klkpjc pvjgmw

dpg/+ drgdd`d` :/4 fkcckio pvjowjgpkiow ko 6>:>/ Pbjpw t~ via 204

akcckio pvjowjgpkiow ko 6>>>/ Pbdwd iudvjcc wjcdw ltvdw wdda pi

vkwd jo` jcc j fkp iudv pbd {djvw# ftp pbd{ ìop odgdwwjvkc{ `vi~

`tvkol dgioiakg vdgdwwkiow/

Jljko# pbdvd jvd j d| gjudjpw |kpb pbd Okdcwdo Wito`Wgjo wjcd

`jpj pbjp wbitc` fd adopkiod`/ Ekvwp i jcc# pbdwd jvd pvjowjgpkiow

|kpbitp vdljv` pi pbd ~vkgd i jo kpda# wi jw |dcc kwgtww cjpdv# pbkw

ìdw oip odgdwwjvkc{ adjo pbjp giowtadvw jvd w~do`kol aivd

|bdo pbd{ ft{ atwkg/ "Ko j aiud pbjp |kcc tvpbdv gia~ckgjpd pbdwdadpvkgw ko pbd tptvd# Okdcwdo bjw vdgdopc{ wpjpd` kp |kcc gbjold

kpw ~ickg{ iv gitopkol pvjowjgpkiow !! f{ gia~cdpdc{ kloivkol

pvjowjgpkiow ~vkgd` to`dv $7/0;/+ Wdgio`c{# jw |d adopkiod`

fdivd# pbdwd otafdvw ìop kogct`d j wklokgjop jaitop i ko`d~do`dop atwkg wjcdw# kogct`kol gjwb wjcdw

jp cigjc atwkg dudopw jo` giogdvpw/ Cjwpc{# pbdvd bjud fddo jggtwjpkiow i Wito`Wgjo vjt` f{ |bkgb pbdwd

otafdvw jvd ~tv~iwdc{ ajok~tcjpd` ko iv`dv iv ~tfckwbdvw pi ka~viud pbdkv wjcdw vd~ivpw jo` pbdkv vjom io

{djviudvjcc wjcdw pvjowjgpkiow

"akcckio+6>>> 204

6>>: 2>>

6>>6 5;7

6>>7 52>0 202

6>>4 :#>>7

6>>5 :#:;2

6>>< :#75;

6>>2 :#4:76>>; :#404

6>:> :#4>


26/36


Fkccfijv` gbjvpw/ Ftp ~vdwtajfc{# pbkw vjt` ìdw oip giowpkptpd j ajhivkp{ i pbd atwkg ko`twpv{/ Tcpkajpdc{

|bkcd pbdwd pvjowjgpkio ltvdw aj{ fd wiad|bjp kojggtvjpd# pbd pvdo` i ckwpdodvw giowtakol aivd jo`

aivd atwkg kw wpkcc ujck`/

Joipbdv |j{ i ciimkol jp pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ kw pbvitlb pbd otafdvw pbjp pbd KE^K "Kopdvojpkiojc Ed`dvjpkio i

pbd bioilvj~bkg Ko`twpv{+ ~tfckwbdw io |bjp kp gjccw pbd fvij`dv atwkg ko`twpv{/ Ko 6>>4# pbd KE^K dwpkajpd`

pbd lcifjc atwkg ko`twpv{ pi fd |ivpb $:76 fkcckio !! |bkgb kogct`d` vdudotdw via atwkg ko vj`ki jùdvpkwkolvdgiv`d` atwkg wjcdw# atwkgjc kowpvtadop wjcdw# ckud ~dvivajogd vdudotdw jo` ~ivpjfcd `klkpjc atwkg ~cj{d

wjcdw "jaiol j d| ipbdv kogiad gjpdlivkdw+/ F{ 6>:># pbd KE^K dwpkajpd` pbd ajvmdp pi fd |ivpb $:52 fkcckio

ftp kp bj` jcwi gbjold` bi| kp gjpdlivkxd` wiad i pbd vdudotdw jo` j``d` gjpdlivkdw wtgb jw jt`ki biad

w{wpdaw# atwkg!vdcjpd` uk`di ljad wjcdw jo` atwkg vdudotdw via PU jùdvpkwkol "ko j``kpkio pi j d| ipbdv

gjpdlivkdw+/

Wi jggiv`kol pi pbdwd ltvdw# atwkg ~vi`tgpkio jo` giowta~pkio

ciim ckmd pbd{vd ldodvjcc{ bdjcpb{ jo` lvi|kol/ Pbkw wbitcòp fd

pii wtv~vkwkol# lkudo pbjp pbd adjow pi ~vi`tgd atwkg bjw fdgiad

gbdj~dv jo` djwkdv iudv pbd {djvw/ Ko pbd :;;>w# vdgiv`kol wpt`kiw

|dvd jfcd pi gbjvld pdow i pbitwjo`w i ìccjvw iv htwp jo bitv

i jggdww pi pbdkv bklb!do` jt`ki dztk~adop/ Oi|j`j{w# drpvdadc{

lii`!ztjckp{ vdgiv`kol dztk~adop iv jt`ki gjo fd ~tvgbjwd` f{

giowtadvw "iv ~vi!wtadvw+# jo` biad wpt`kiw gjo ~vi`tgd `klkpj

atwkgjc vdgiv`kolw iv j vjgpkio i pbd giwp pbjp atwkgkjow twd` pi

w~do` io ~vidwwkiojc vdgiv`kolw/ ^dvbj~w pbd wito` ztjckp{ kwop

jw bklb jw kp twd` pi fd# ftp pbdvdw oi akwpjmkol pbjp pbd giwpw pi

~vi`tgd `dgdop!wito`kol atwkg bjud jccdo `vjajpkgjcc{/ Io pbd giowta~pkio wk`d# atwkg ciudvw jvd jcwi

dohi{kol pbd fdodpw i pdgboicilkgjc ~vilvdww |kpb fdppdv jo` gbdj~dv |j{w pi `klkpjcc{ wpivd jo` vd~cj{

atwkg pbjo dudv fdivd/ Pbd vwp ~ivpjfcd A^7 ~cj{dvw gitc` bic` wdudvjc bto`vd` wiolw# jo` pbjp gj~jgkp{ bj

oi| lvi|o pi wtgb vk`kgtcitwc{ bklb cdudcw pbjp kpw jcaiwp toodgdwwjv{ pi giopkotd pi jùdvpkwd pbd wpivjld

gj~jgkp{ i `klkpjc atwkg ~cj{dvw/

Ftp# `dw~kpd pbd kogvdjwkol ~vi`tgpkio jo` giowta~pkio i atwkg# pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ ìdwop wdda viw{ pi

dudv{iod/ Pbd vdudotdw via vdgiv`d` atwkg# wtgb jw G@ wjcdw# bjud fddo jcckol wpdj`kc{ iudv pbd cjwp wdudvj

{djvw/ Pbkw wbitcòp giad jw j btld wtv~vkwd# dkpbdv/ Bkwpivkgjcc{# atwkg bjw fddo wic` io ujvkitw mko`w i

~b{wkgjc ad`kj8 uko{c vdgiv`w# 2!pvjgm gjwwdppdw# gjwwdppd pj~dw# G@w jo` ipbdv cdww |dcc!moi|o ivajpw/ Djgb

i pbdwd ivajpw bjw wddo kpw ~djm# jo` djgb i pbda aj{ wiad`j{ gdjwd pi fd wic` dopkvdc{ !! pbitlb pbjp

pkad bjw oip giad {dp dudo iv uko{c "jw pbdvd jvd wklow pbjp uko{c vdgiv`w wpkcc bjud ~cdop{ i twdtc ckd cdp jo`

pbdkv wjcdw |dvd t~ 0: iv 6>::+/ Wpkcc# jw pbd G@ ivajp |jodw# pbd vdudotdw via wdcckol G@ jcftaw jvd

`kakokwbkol# pii/ Pbd ~vifcda# kp wddaw# kw pbjp giowtadvw jvd ft{kol aivd wkolcd pvjgmw oi| kowpdj` i dopkvdjcftaw jo` pbjp giowtadvw bjud jo dr~dgpjpkio pbjp `klkpjc atwkg pvjgmw wbitc` fd gbdj~dv pbjo ~tvgbjwkol

~cjwpkg `kwgw/ Pbd vdwtcp kw pbjp pbd otafdv i wkolcd `klkpjc pvjgmw ~tvgbjwd` kw vkwkol "kokpkjcc{ |kpb ìtfcd

`klkp lvi|pb+# ftp pbd vdudotdw via wdcckol wkolcd pvjgmw kwop ajpgbkol pbiwd i pbd ~djm {djvw i wdcckol G@

jcftaw/ Pbkw pvdo` |jw j~~jvdop ko 6>>>4 $:766>>5 $:7;

6>>< $:4>

6>>2 $:4:/4

6>>; $:0>

6>:> $:52


27/36


j ivadv drdgtpkud jp Tokudvwjc Atwkg# Pka Vdoodv# bjw wjk`

pbjp pbd ajhiv cjfdcw bj` j gbjogd pi `kudvwk{ pbdkv kogiad

wpvdjaw |bdo pbd{ bj` pbd aiod{ jo` gitc` bjud ftkcp pbd

gia~dpdogd f{ ft{kol giogdvp jldogkdw jo` advgbjo`kwkol

gia~jokdw/ Bi|dudv# pbkw bko`wklbp kwop odgdwwjvkc{ pbd |j{

iv|jv` iv pbd ajhiv atwkg cjfdcw oi|/

Jp pbkw ~ikop# kp aj{ fd bdc~tc pi to`dvwpjo` pbd wpjpd

i pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ jo` kpw bkwpiv{ ko iv`dv pi ldp wiad

~dvw~dgpkud io kpw tptvd/ Ko pbd cjwp gdoptv{# pbdvd |jw j

atwkg vdgdwwkio pbjp cjwpd` via :;>5# wi pbkw wdladop i atwkg ftwkodww kw oip kaatod pi

dgioiakg ì|optvow# ftp kp `k` vdgiudv via pbjp wcta~ f{

pbd ak`!2>w/ Gdvpjkoc{# pbd atwkg ftwkodww bjw gbjold` wkogd

pbdo !! jo` jw |d ~ikopd` itp# G@w jvd oi cioldv pbd aiw

gioudokdop iv dwkvjfcd ivajp iv atwkg ckwpdodvw oi|j`j{w

"Jo` kp wddaw ckmd to|jvvjopd` ~dwwkakwa pi pbkom pbjp pbd

dopkvd atwkg ko`twpv{ |iop vdgiudv via pbd do` i pbd G@

dvj/+ Wiad ~i~tcjv jvpkwpw# ckmd Wpkol# bjud vdgilokxd` pbjp

pbd G@ dvj kw do`kol jo` jvd dudo aiukol pi|jv`w ajmkol

atwkg j~~w/

Ko pbd ~jwp# pbd wtggdww i jo jvpkwp |jw adjwtvd` |bdo

jo jcfta |dop lic` !! adjokol pbjp kp bj` wic` aivd

pbjo 4>>#>>> gi~kdw/ F{ :;;;# pbd VKJJ bj` dudo gvdjpd`

j @kjaio` j|jv` iv jo jcfta "iv wkolcd+ pbjp wic` aivd

pbjo :> akcckio gi~kdw/ Bi|dudv# wkogd pbdo# pbdvd bjw

fddo atgb aivd vjladopjpkio ko pbd wjcd i atwkg# jo`

pbd otafdv i jcftaw |kpb pbitwjo`w iv akcckiow i gi~kdw

wic` aj{ fd `dgckokol/ Jw pbd ujvkdp{ i atwkg ~vi`tgd`

fdgjad |k`dv jo` |k`dv# pbd giowta~pkio i atwkg bjwop

vdajkod` giood` pi adlj!jvpkwpw ko htwp j d| ldovdw

J``kol pi pbd atwkg gjpdlivkdw i ~i~# V%F# gitopv{ jo`

vigm%vicc# pbdvd bjw fddo jo dr~ciwkio i od| ldovdw

jo` wtf!ldovdw8 bk~bi~)vj~# dcdgpviokgj# ~tom# dai# dpg

Ko`d~do`dop cjfdcw jvd ~vi`tgkol jo kaadowd jaitop i

`kudvwd atwkg# jo` ckwpdodvw bjud j cjvldv ftdp pi gbiiwdvia pbjo dudv fdivd/ Toivptojpdc{ iv pbd ajhiv cjfdcw

pbjp ìdwop odgdwwjvkc{ gvdjpd j ajvmdp pbjp juivw pbda

jo` pbd pvj`kpkiojc ~vigdww i vdcdjwkol atwkg ko j bklbc{!

gbivdilvj~bd` |j{/ Jggiv`kol pi Okdcwdo `jpj# pbd otafd

i atwkg pvjgmw pbjp wic` iudv j akcckio gi~kdw |jw ioc{ 75

ko 6>>akcckio ko 6>::# |kpb pbd wajccdwpwckgd ie pbd ~kd giakol evia jgptjcatwkg wjcdw/

Lvddo jo` bkw ~tfckwbdv)ajojldadoppdja jp ^vkajv{ \jud# bjud vdjckxd`pbjp pbd ai`dvo atwkg |ivc` bjwbtld i~~ivptokpkdw ko gbjolkol pbdajvmdpkol dztjpkio# vjpbdv pbjoeigtwkol htwp io atwkg wjcdw/ Pbjpkw# pbd gia~jo{ bjw eigtwd` io ftkc`kol t~ Lvddo jw j fvjo`# kojo` ie bkawdce# |bkgb bjw i~dod`t~ jcc wivpw ie i~~ivptokpkdw eviaw~iowivwbk~ jo` doìvwdadop `djcw

pi PU j~~djvjogdw jo` j biwpkol hif io pbd PU wbi| Pbd Uikgd/ Bdwjcwi |ivmkol io j pbdjpvkgjc wbi| eiv^cjodp Bicc{|ii`/

Pbd md{ vdgilokpkio bdvd kw pbjp#|bkcd pbd atwkg kw ka~ivpjop# pbdvdjc i~~ivptokp{ kw ko pbd fvjo` ftkcpjvito` pbd atwkg/ Pbd aivd {it gjoì |kpb j fvjo`# pbd aivd aiod{ gjofd aj`d/ Pbd atwkg wpkcc odd`w pi fdlii` "ipbdv|kwd pbd fvjo` |kcc wtdv+#ftp pbdo pbd atwkg htwp fdgiadw ~jvpie pbd piic pi bdc~ ~viaipd pbd fvjo`/Jo` {it gjop ~kvjpd j atwkgkjowfvjo` |kpbitp pbd atwkgkjo/ Ko ejgp#pbd |k`dv pbd atwkg kpwdce kw w~vdj`#pbd aivd ujctjfcd pbd fvjo` gjofdgiad/


28/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol 6>> wic` htwp

j wkolcd gi~{ "jo` vdadafdv pbjp Okdcwdo iakpw

j cjvld otafdv i ko`d~do`dop jvpkwpw+/ Pbkw

wtlldwpw pbjp ~vi`tgkol atwkg kw fdgiakol

atgb aivd i jo dr~dvkadopjc ~vigdww |bdvdakcckiow i wiolw gjo fd pdwpd` itp !! jo`

pbjp bklb!giwp koudwpadopw pi ~vi`tgd jo

jcfta aj{ oip fd j wtwpjkojfcd wpvjpdl{ iv

j ~vi`tgdv/ Kp ìdwop adjo pbd ~vi`tgpkio

i atwkg kw `{kol iv fdkol vd`tgd` pi to~jk`

jajpdtvw# ftp pbjp pbd pvj`kpkiojc ~vigdww i

J%V kw gbjolkol wi pbjp atwkgkjow jvdop fdkol

~kgmd` f{ atwkg drdgtpkudw iv vigm!wpjv

wtggdww/ Pbd cj{dvw fdp|ddo pbd jvpkwp jo` pbd

jo# ojadc{ pbd otafdv i ak``cdado# kw io pbd

`dgckod/ Pbd duk`dogd iv pbkw kw ko pbd lvi|pb

i gvi|`to`d` atwkg ~vihdgpw via wkpdw ckmd

MkgmWpjvpdv iv WdccjFjo` !! jw |dcc jw pbd vkwd i

|j{w iv jow pi aivd `kvdgpc{ ~jpviokxd pbdkv

juivkpd jvpkwpw/

Jcpbitlb pbd fiim ko`twpv{ bjw wiad pkad

fdivd d!vdj`dvw vdjcc{ ~viuk`d jw atgb iv aivd

gioudokdogd pbjo ~vkopd` fiimw# pbd atwkg

ko`twpv{ bjw oi wtgb ctrtv{ ko pbd jgd i klkpjc

atwkg/ Jw wiio jw `klkpjc atwkg |jw gvdjpd`# kp

ljud ckwpdodvw ajo{ aivd gioudokdop |j{w pi

jggdww atwkg pbjo ivajpw ckmd gjwwdppdw iv G@w/

Bi|dudv# pbd jùjopjld pbjp pbd atwkg ko`twpv{

bjw iudv ipbdv gvdjpkud ko`twpvkdw kw pbjp atwkg

kw j ~jvpkgtcjvc{ ~dvujwkud ~vi`tgp pbjp gjo fd

jwwigkjpd` |kpb dudv{pbkol via wip `vkomw pi

gjvw pi dopdv~vkwd wip|jvd)bjv`|jvd/ Wi pbd

atwkg ko`twpv{ bjw atcpk~cd i~~ivptokpkdw pi

`kudvwk{ kpw vdudotd wpvdjaw/

\bkcd pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ kw ldodvjcc{ jwwigkjpd`

|kpb `kvdgp giowtadv w~do`kol# pbdvd jvd ipbdv

|j{w iv pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ pi `kudvwk{ kpw

vdudotd wpvdjaw/ Pbd TM atwkg ko`twpv{w pvj`d

lvit~ F^K bjw dudo `tffd` pbkw dr~jowkio

fd{io` giowtadv w~do`kol jw wdgio`jv{

Gjwd Wpt`{8Hjwio ^jvmdv8 Iod \ivmkol Atwkgkjo Wbi|w Bi|

^di~cd \kcc ^j{

Hjwio ^jvmdv kw j hjxx atwkgkjo ko Wdjcd# |bi bjwfddo i~do jfitp wbjvkol htwp bi| bd ajmdw j ckukoljw iod |ivmkol atwkgkjo/ Bdw pvkd` ujvkitw

dr~dvkadopw# jo` fddo ztkpd ~tfckg jfitp ajo{ iepbda/ Iod gjwd# kouicud` pdwpkol itp j ~j{ |bjp{it |jop w{wpda/ \bkcd ~j{ |bjp {it |joplip ~cdop{ ie jdopkio fjgm |bdo Vj`kibdj` `k`kp# ajo{ ~di~cd bjud ztdwpkiod` ke kp vdjcc{ |ivmweiv cdww!|dcc!moi|o jvpkwpw/ ^jvmdv bj` idvd`bkw drkwpkol jcftaw eiv j 4 ì|ocij` ~vkgd# ftpw|kpgbd` pi > vdztkvd` |kpb j ~j{ |bjp {it|jop idvkol/// jo` `kwgiudvd` pbjp bkw wjcdw wbipt~/ Iudvoklbp# jepdv ajmkol pbd pbd gbjold# bd lip

aivd wjcdw pbjo bd bj` ko pbd ~vdukitw pbvdd iv eitvaiopbw giafkod`/

Io pi~ ie pbjp# `dw~kpd pbd ejgp pbjp {it gitc`ì|ocij` kp eiv evdd# ajo{ ~di~cd ~jk`/ Bd wjk`pbjp iudv j pbvdd `j{ ~dvki`# bd aj`d aivd aiod{pbjo jo{ pkad wkogd pbd vwp pbvdd `j{w jepdv pbdjcfta |jw vdcdjwd`/ Wkogd pbdo# bdw liod io piajmd jcc ie bkw jcftaw jujkcjfcd to`dv pbkw w{wpda#jo` bjw wddo atgb bklbdv iudvjcc wjcdw/ Jo` |bkcdpbd ic` ~vkgd vdztkvdadop |jw 4# bdw oi| wddkol

jo judvjld ~vkgd ie 2/4> io pbiwd jcftaw !! jo` bdwwpkcc giowkwpdopc{ wdcckol aivd pbjo bd |jw fdeivd/

Pbkw |jwop htwp iockod/ Bd jcwi pvkd` jo dr~dvkadop|kpb ikol j ~j{ |bjp {it |jop wbi|w jo` G@w#jo` jljko eito` pbjp ajo{# ajo{ ~di~cd |dvd|kcckol pi ~j{# jo` bd |jw iepdo jfcd pi djvo atgbaivd pbjo |bdo bd bj` j wdp ~vkgd/ Bkw G@w twd`pi wdcc eiv $:># ftp bjud judvjld` iudv $:6 |bdo bdcdpw ejow wdp pbd ~vkgd/ Io j vdgdop pitv# bd wj| pbdjudvjld ~vkgd wbiip t~ pi $:0)G@/ Bd oipd` pbjpdudo pbd jgp ie pdcckol ~di~cd pbjp pbd{ gitc` ~j{|bjpdudv pbd{ pbkom kw ejkv eiv pbd G@ vdwtcpd`ko ~cdop{ ie ~di~cd htwp `vi~~kol j $6> fkcc kopi bkwbjo`w/

Ie gitvwd# bd oipdw pbjp atgb ie pbkw kw `d~do`dopio giopkotjcc{ gioodgpkol |kpb ejow/ Drgdccdopatwkg ìdwop btvp# dkpbdv/


29/36


vdudotd# |bkgb kogct`dw jcc ipbdv kogiadw itpwk`d i ~b{wkgjc atwkg wjcdw jo` `klkpjc atwkg wjcdw# wtgb jw

jùdvpkwkol `djcw jo` ckgdowkol vdudotdw via PU# aiukdw jo` uk`di ljadw/

J``kpkiojcc{# ckud atwkg jo` giogdvpw bjud fddo ìkol ~vdpp{ |dcc jw j ftwkodww ko vdgdop {djvw# ko w~kpd i pbd

dgioia{/ Evia :;;; pi 6>>;# giogdvp pkgmdp wjcdw ko pbd TW pvk~cd` via $:/4 fkcckio pi $0/5 fkcckio# jggiv`kol

pi îccwpjv/ Pkgmdp ~vkgdw jo` advgbjo`kwd bjud fdgiad ajhiv witvgdw i kogiad iv ajo{ ~i~tcjv vigm wpjvw

ckmd Cj`{ Ljlj# Ajìooj# Fvtgd W~vkolwpddo jo` iv fjo`w ckmd T6/ Kpw oip djw{ pi `t~ckgjpd pbd dr~dvkdogd ij ckud wbi|# wi giogdvpw bjud fdgiad j witvgd i vdudotd iv atwkgkjow jo` jvdop odljpkudc{ jdgpd` f{ pbd

jujkcjfkckp{ i vdd ì|ocij`jfcd atwkg !! ko jgp# vdd atwkg gjo dogitvjld jow pi jppdo` ckud ~dvivajogdw

Pbdvdw jgptjc wgjvgkp{ "oip jvpkgkjc wgjvgkp{+ iv ckud atwkg# ftp io pbd ipbdv bjo`# vigm wpjvw ìop wgjcd udv{

|dcc# dkpbdv/ Wi |bdo Fioi kohtvd` bkw fjgm ko 6>:># pbd fjo` wpi~~d` pitvkol |bkcd bd vdgiudvd`/ Pbdv

vdjcc{ kwop j |j{ pi vd~ckgjpd vigm wpjvw ckmd Fioi# jo` ajo{ jow |kcc ì "iv ~j{+ jcaiwp jo{pbkol pi wdd pbda

Vdgilokxkol pbkw# pbd ajhiv atwkg cjfdcw "jo` wiad ipbdv ~viaipdvw+ bjud wpjvpd` wklokol aivd 75> `djcw

|kpb jvpkwpw pi gj~ptvd j vjgpkio i pbd vdudotdw

i pitvkol# advgbjo`kwd jo` ipbdv oio!pvj`kpkioj

wjcdw/

Ko ipbdv udotdw# aivd atwkg kw fdkol `kwgiudvd`

jo` w~iowivd` f{ jùdvpkwdvw ukj giopdwpw ckmd

Jadvkgjo Kìc# Pbd R Ejgpiv# Pbd Uikgd jo` ipbdv

~i~tcjv PU wbi|w |kpb atwkg!vdcjpd` pbdadw

Wdudvjc fkl vdpjkc gbjkow "d/l/# Wpjvftgmw+ bjud

jcwi w~iowivd` atwkg dudopw pi bdc~ pbda fdppd

pjvldp w~dgkg `dailvj~bkg lvit~w/ Pbdvd kw dudo

j ajvmdp iv twkol atwkg pi ~viaipd jcc mko`w i

giowtadv dcdgpviokgw/ J~~cd kw ~vifjfc{ pbd aiwp

~viakodop drja~cd i j pdgb gia~jo{ pbjp twdw atwkg pi ~viaipd pbd wjcdw i kpw ~vi`tgpw# ftp pbdvd jvd jcwi

ipbdv drja~cdw# wtgb jw Wdjljpd# |bkgb bjw w~iowivd` atwkg pi fd vddc{ lkudo pi giowtadvw pi ~viaipd kp

fvjo` jo` ~vi`tgpw/ Fto`ckol ~vi`tgpw jo` wdvukgdw jciol |kpb atwkg bjw fddo ìod |kpbitp ivajc `djcw

iv j ciol pkad# jo` atwkg ko`twpv{ drdgw wiadpkadw "|kwptcc{+ ~ikop itp pbjp pdcdgia wdvukgd ~viuk`dvw bjud

ciol fdodpd` via dckudvkol vdd atwkg i|ocij`w jo` via pbd kogvdjwd` dajo` iv kopdvodp fjo`|k`pb

via `klkpjc atwkg !! pbitlb pdcdgiaw bjud ioc{ vdgdopc{ wpjvpd` pi ckgdowd atwkg jo` ~j{ vi{jcpkdw iv atwkg

wdvukgdw/

@dw~kpd pbd ajhiv atwkg cjfdcw fdkol wci| pi j`j~p pi pbd `klkpjc |ivc`# pbdvd bjud fddo jo` jvd ~cdop{ i

atwkg wpjvpt~w pv{kol pi gj~kpjckxd io `klkpjc atwkg wdvukgdw/ Jclivkpbaw aj{ fd vd~cjgkol btajow ko wiad

~jvpw i kwgiudvkol od| pjcdop "iv jp cdjwp kwgiudvkol pjcdop aivd giwp!ddgpkudc{+/ Pbdvd jvd aivd pbjo j d|

gia~jokdw pv{kol pi jpjakod atwkg adpj`jpj ko iv`dv pi wdvud fdppdv atwkg vdgiaado`jpkiow pi giowtadviv pi ~vd`kgp |bkgb jvpkwpw |kcc fd ~i~tcjv |kpb pjvldp dailvj~bkg lvit~w/ Eiv drja~cd# Wpigmbica!fjwd` R4

gvdjpdw ~i~tcjv gcjwwkgjc atwkg gia~kcjpkiow jo` bjw gjvud` itp j ~vipjfcd ftwkodww via ckgdowkol drkwpkol

atwkg jo` ajmkol kp djwkdv pi `kwgiudv atwkg pbjp aklbp fd bjv` pi o` iv wiad ckwpdodvw/ \bkcd oip dudv{

atwkg wpjvpt~ gjo fdgiad j wtggdww "jo` kp kwop gcdjv drjgpc{ bi| wiad atwkg wpjvpt~w |kcc wtggdd`+# pbdvd

kw gcdjvc{ kopdvdwp ko koudwpkol ko atwkg ftwkodwwdw jo` atwkg wpjvpt~w !! jo` pbjp kwop jo ko`kgjpiv i j `{kol

ko`twpv{/


30/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol 6;

Ko 6>>7# pbd KE^K oipd` pbdvd |dvd cdww pbjo 4> ckgdowd` atwkg wdvukgdw ko pbd |ivc`# jo` pbjp otafdv bjw

lvi|o pi iudv 0>> oi|/ Wiad udoptvd gj~kpjckwpw jwwdvp pbjp pbd vkwm jwwigkjpd` |kpb atwkg ckgdowkol kwop |ivpb

pbdkv koudwpadop# ftp ipbdvw jvltd pbd vkwm ko atwkg kw j a{pb/ Pbd vtcdw i koudwpkol jvd odudv pbjp gtp jo`

`vkd` jo`# ifukitwc{# pbd ito`dvw i atwkg wpjvpt~w fdckdud pbjp pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ kw jo jppvjgpkud ajvmdp pi

pjvldp/ AILw GDI wpjpd` pbjp ~viuk`kol atwkg giopdop kw j wajccdv!ajvlko ftwkodww ftp pbjp pbd j``vdwwjfcd

ajvmdp kw ajwwkud# jo` pbjp pbd wdgio` fklldwp cdkwtvd jgpkukp{ fdbko` |jpgbkol PU kw ckwpdokol pi atwkg/ WpkcUGw ckmd @juk` ^jmajo bjud j vdjwiojfcd jvltadop pbjp atwkg ckgdowkol giwpw iv wpjvpt~w gjo fd pii atgb

i j ftv`do# fjwd` io pbd ldodvjc ifwdvujpkio pbjp pbd ajhiv atwkg cjfdcw pdo` pi mkcc i atwkg wpjvpt~w

|kpb drivfkpjop ckgdowkol ddw/ ^joìvj# |bkgb |dop ~tfckg ko 6>::# jcaiwp adp kpw do` ko 6>>< `td pi od|c{

ka~iwd` ckgdowkol giwpw iv dudv{ wiol kp wpvdjad`# ftp kp dudoptjcc{ wdppcd` |kpb ci|dv ddw jpdv p|i {djvw i

odlipkjpkiow jo` divpw pi ciff{ Giolvdww pi wjud kpw atwkg wdvukgd via aivd dr~dowkud vi{jcpkdw/ Oj~wpdv

pbd ivklkojc `klkpjc atwkg `kwvt~piv# |jw jgptjcc{ wbtp ì|o f{ pbd Vdgiv`kol Ko`twpv{ Jwwigkjpkio i Jadvkgj

ukj cj|wtkpw jo` j gitvp iv`dv "pbitlb Oj~wpdv |jw vdgdopc{ fitlbp f{ Vbj~wi`{ jo` aj{ oi| gia~cdpdc{

gdjwd pi drkwp jw kpw wdvukgd kw advld` |kpb Vbj~wi`{+/ Ko ajo{ gjwdw# pbdvd wdda pi fd wklokgjop fjvvkdvw i

atwkg wpjvpt~w# ftp pbd pitlbdwp fjvvkdv ìdwop wdda pi fd j cjgm i giowtadv `dajo` iv ~vibkfkpkud giwpw

iv atwkg ~vi`tgpkio/ Kpw aivd ckmdc{ pbjp ajhiv atwkg cjfdcw |kcc wtd atwkg wpjvpt~w itp i drkwpdogd/

Iudvjcc# pbd atwkg ko`twpv{ kwop fjwd` wicdc{ io pbd vdudotdw i pbd ajhiv atwkg cjfdcw/ Pbdvd jvd jcwi od|

dopvjopw pi pbkw ajvmdp |bi iop vdc{ io wdcckol G@ jcftaw iv giogdvp pkgmdpw jp jcc/ Dwpjfckwbd` pdgb gia~jokdw

jvd ciimkol pi ~viuk`d atwkg jciol |kpb jùdvpkwkol jo` wip|jvd !! jo` pbd vdd "iv odjvc{ vdd+ giwp i

`kwpvkftpkol `klkpjc atwkg idvw i~~ivptokpkdw pbjp jvd tokztd pi atwkg/ Ftp pbd dadvldogd i od| atwkg

ftwkodwwdw idwop adjo pbjp wdcckol klkpjc atwkg pvjgmw "iv atwkg wtfwgvk~pkio wdvukgdw+ kvdgpc{ pi giowtadv

kw j fj` ftwkodww jp jcc/ Pbdvd jvd wiad ~vd`kgpkiow pbjp `klkpjc atwkg wjcdw |kcc dudoptjcc{ drgdd` G@ wjcdw jo`

giopkotd pi lvi|# wi pbd gtvvdop wcta~ iv vdgiv`d` atwkg vdudotdw aj{ wka~c{ fd j pda~ivjv{ ~jvp i pbd

ojptvjc ftwkodww g{gcd/ Wi io pi~ i wdcckol klkpjc pvjgmw kvdgpc{ pi giowtadvw# pbdvd jvd jcwi ojwgdop ftwkodw

ai`dcw iv atwkg pbjp kouicud aivd ftwkodww!pi!ftwkodww pvjowjgpkiow# wtgb jw giv~ivjpd w~iowivwbk~ i atwkg

iv atwkg ckgdowkol iv wip|jvd `dudci~adop/ Atwkg ckgdowkol iv iockod uk`diw kw j lvi|kol ajvmdp jw aivd

jo` aivd ~di~cd |jpgb uk`diw pbjp jvd jggia~jokd` f{ atwkg/ Atwkg ko uk`di ljadw kw joipbdv ftwkodww pbj

gitc` fdgiad wklokgjop jo` ldodvjpd ajwwkud vdudotdw/ Jw Jajxiow U^ i Aiukdw jo` Atwkg Fkcc Gjvv wjk`

\dvd oip pkd` pi jo{ iod ftwkodww ai`dc/ K |d |dvd# |d` wpkcc fd ioc{ j fiim vdpjkcdv/ Pbd atwkg ko`twpv{

kw jgptjcc{ ~iwkpkiod` pi bjud j |k`d ujvkdp{ i kogiad wpvdjaw jw aivd jo` aivd ~di~cd ljko kogvdjwkolc{

gioudokdop |j{w pi ckwpdo pi atwkg/


31/36

7> Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol

Wdgpkio 08 Pbd Uk`di Ljad Ajvmdp

Pbd uk`di ljad ko`twpv{ kw f{ jv pbd {itoldwp i pbd gvdjpkud jvdojw !! |kpb

pbd udv{ djvckdwp uk`di ljadw gvdjpd` ko pbd cjpd :;0>w pi djvc{ :;4>w/ Pbd vwp

giaadvgkjc jvgj`d uk`di ljad# gjccd` Gia~tpdv W~jgd# |jw wic` ko :;> tokpw i pbd giko!i~dvjpd` ajgbkodw

Htwp iod {djv cjpdv# Jpjvkw îol jo` Ajlojuirw I`{wwd{ |dvd gia~dpkol pi

jppvjgp ~cj{dvw pi pbdwd ljad ajgbkodw# jo` pbd ko`twpv{ |jw giaadvgkjcc{

dwpjfckwbd`/

Kpw jcaiwp pii ifukitw pi wj{ pbjp pbd uk`di ljad ko`twpv{ bjw lvi|o wtfwpjopkjcc{

ko pbd cjwp 4> {djvw# ftp pbd ko`twpv{ bjwop fddo gia~cdpdc{ |kpbitp kpw ~vifcdaw

Pbdvd |jw j akoiv ajvmdp gvjwb iv biad uk`di ljad giowicdw ko :;w/ @tvkol pbd djvc{ ~jvp i pbjp vdgdwwkio# pbd uk`di ljad ljadko`twpv{ |jw lvi|kol |kc`c{ "jp jo tcpkajpdc{ towtwpjkojfcd vjpd+/ Ko pbd TW# pbd

biad ajvmdp iv ljad giowicdw bj` vd~ivpd` ~vipw i jvito` $7 fkcckio ko :;26

ftp kp dcc `vjajpkgjcc{ f{ 74 pbd icci|kol {djv/ Ko :;27# pbdvd |dvd otadvitw

biad uk`di ljad giowicdw gvi|`kol pbd ajvmdp# htwp |bdo aivd ldodvj

~tv~iwd biad gia~tpdvw |dvd fdgiakol aivd jiv`jfcd/ Jpjvk# pbd ìakojo

ljad ajmdv i pbd 2>w# bj` ~djmd` jo` iudvdwpkajpd` pbd ~vi`tgpkio vto i

kpw uk`di ljad# D/P/ pbd Drpvj!Pdvvdwpvkjc# |bkgb kp bj` w~dop iudv $:>> akcckio pi

~vi`tgd/ Eivptojpdc{# pbd uk`di ljad ko`twpv{ `kòp do` ko pbd ak`!:;2>w |kpb

j lctp i cjgmctwpdv ljadw |kpb |bkgb ~cj{dvw |dvd `kwj~~ikopd`/ Pbd Okopdoì

Dopdvpjkoadop W{wpda j~~djvd` ko pbd TW ko :;24# jo` pbd biad uk`di ljadajvmdp vdfito`d`/ J``kpkiojcc{# bjo`bdc` ljad `dukgdw gjad itp ko pbd cjpd

2>w# jo` pbd fdlkookolw i iockod ljadw jcwi wpjvpd` pi fdgiad ~i~tcjv f{ pbd

:;;>w/ Jo` jw pdgboicil{ ka~viud`# dudo aivd kooiujpkiow |dvd dudci~d` i

ljadw ko pbd 6:wp gdoptv{/

Vdgdopc{# uk`di ljad pkpcdw bjud ìod ztkpd |dcc# |kpb wiad i pbd aiwp ~i~tcj

iodw ldodvjpkol vdudotdw wkakcjv pi vdgiv`!wdppkol aiukd fir igd bkpw/ Pbd

cjpdwp Gjcc ie @tp{ vdcdjwd drgdd`d` $: fkcckio ko wjcdw ko htwp :5 `j{w !! jwpd

pbjo Jujpjv bkp pbd wjad akcdwpiod f{ iod `j{/ Jo` `dw~kpd pbd jkctvd i D/P

jw j uk`di ljad# pbdvd bjud fddo wdudvjc bkp ljadw fjwd` io aiukdw/ Pbd Wpj\jvw tokudvwd bjw w~j|od` j ciol ckwp i uk`di ljad pkpcdw io ajo{ `kdvdop

ljakol ~cjpivaw iudv pbd {djvw# via ^Gw pi ^cj{Wpjpkiow pi aifkcd ~biodw

jo` |dfwkpdw/ Bi|dudv# kp ciimw ckmd DJ w~dop odjvc{ $:>> akcckio pi `dudci~ pbd

vdgdop Wpjv \jvw8 Pbd Ic` Vd~tfckg ljad# jo` pbdvd jvd wiad giogdvow pbjp pbkw

ljad aj{ odd` pi ai`k{ kpw ftwkodww ai`dc# iv kp aj{ fd pbd cjwp i kpw mko` jw

j fkl!ft`ldp ajwwkudc{ atcpk~cj{dv iockod "AAI+ ljad pbjp vdckdw io aiopbc{


32/36

Eciiv 504Pbd Wm{ Kw Vkwkol 7:

wtfwgvkfdvw/ Ipbdv ~i~tcjv AAI ljadw vdc{ io j vdd!pi!~cj{ ftwkodww ai`dc pbjp jppvjgp j cjvld jt`kdogd

|bi pbdo odd` pi ~j{ iv ko!ljad `klkpjc kpdaw pbjp dobjogd ljad~cj{/ îppdvaivd# pbd AAI ljad fjwd`

io pbd Bjvv{ îppdv tokudvwd# kw j ojwgdop drja~cd i wtgb jo AAI ljad# wkogd kp kw wpkcc ko fdpj ai`d |kpb

iudv j akcckio ~cj{dvw pdwpkol itp pbd ljad/ Iudvjcc# uk`di ljadw jvd aivd ~i~tcjv pbjo pbd{ bjud dudv fddo

jo` ljad ajmdvw jvd j`j~pkol pi pbdkv jt`kdogdw jo` gvdjpkol ljadw |kpb fvij` j~~djc jo` aiodpkxjpkio

wpvjpdlkdw pbjp jvd kooiujpkud jo` vdwkckdop/

Lcifjcc{# pbd jaitop pbjp giowtadvw w~do` io uk`di ljadw

!! iv bjv`|jvd# wip|jvd jo` jggdwwivkdw !! bjw lvi|o

ka~vdwwkudc{ "aivd pbjo pvk~ckol*+ via jfitp $6> fkcckio

ko 6>>> pi j~~virkajpdc{ $ fkcckio ko 6>::# jggiv`kol pi

ujvkitw vd~ivpw via ^|G# Ljvpodv jo` k@JPD/ Ko htwp Oivpb

Jadvkgj# giowtadv w~do`kol io uk`di ljadw bjw aivd

pbjo ìtfcd` via jfitp $:> fkcckio ko 6>>4 pi iudv $64

fkcckio ko 6>::# jw vd~ivpd` f{ pbd Dopdvpjkoadop Wip|jvd

Jwwigkjpkio "DWJ+/ Ipbdv vd~ivpw wpjpd pbjp pbd vdudotdw

iv uk`di ljadw pi~~d` $77 fkcckio ko 6>:># via iudv 7/6

fkcckio ljad ~tvgbjwdw/ Toìtfpd`c{# |bkgbdudv otafdvw

jvd twd`# pbd uk`di ljad ko`twpv{ jw j |bicd bjw ~dvivad` drpvdadc{ |dcc iudv pbd cjwp `dgj`d# jo` pbdvd

jvd wdudvjc vdjwiow pi fdckdud pbkw pvdo` |kcc giopkotd iv pbd ivdwddjfcd tptvd/

Pbd dailvj~bkgw i uk`di ljad ~cj{dvw bjw dr~jo`d` lvdjpc{ fd{io` pbd pvj`kpkiojc givd i fi{w jo` {itol

ado/ J``kpkiojcc{# iod wtvud{ oipdw pbjp pbd otafdv i uk`di ljad ~cj{dvw ko pbd TW bjw aivd pbjo ìtfcd`

via 45 akcckio ko 6>>2 pi :74 akcckio ko 6>::/ \ivc`|k`d# pbd ~i~tcjpkio i ljadvw bjw dr~ci`d` via 64>

akcckio ko 6>>2 pi :/4 fkcckio ko 6>::/ Gjvodlkd Adccio ^vidwwiv Hdwwd Wgbdcc ifwdvudw# Pbdvd jvd ljadw oi|

iv ~vdpp{ atgb dudv{ jld# dudv{ `dailvj~bkg/ Jggiv`kol pi j 6>:> wtvud{ i wigkjc ljadvw ko pbd TW jo` TM

aivd |iado jvd ~cj{kol wigkjc ljadw "dl/ Ejvaukccd io Ejgdfiim+ pbjo ado !! jo` pbd judvjld jld i pbdwd

wigkjc ljadvw kw iudv 0> {djvw ic`/ Ko jgp# uk`di ljadw ko ldodvjc jvd fdkol ~cj{d` f{ j aivd ajptvd jt`kdogd

pbjo pbd ljadv wpdvdip{~d aklbp wtlldwp# jw pbd DWJ vd~ivpw pbjp pbd judvjld jld i Jadvkgjo ljadvw k

7< {djvw ic`/ "Pbd DWJ bjw jcwi vd~ivpd` pbjp 5> i jcc Jadvkgjow iudv 5 {djvw ic` ~cj{ wiad mko` i uk`di

ljad# jo` 6; i TW ljadvw jvd iudv 4>+/ ^cdop{ i mk`w jvd ~cj{kol uk`di ljadw# jo` pbd jaitop i pkad

pbd{vd w~do`kol io uk`di ljadw bjw lvi|o iudv pbd ~jwp wdudvjc {djvw jw |dcc !! via 65 akotpdw ~dv `j{

ko :;;; pi : bitv jo` :7 akotpdw ko 6>>; !! jggiv`kol pi wtvud{w via pbd Mjkwdv Ejakc{ Eito`jpkio/ Mk`w jvd

jcwi kogvdjwkolc{ ~cj{kol uk`di ljadw io aifkcd `dukgdw# jcci|kol pbda pi wztddxd aivd ~cj{kol pkad kopi

pbdkv ftw{ `j{w/ J`tcp ljadvw ~cj{ j wkxjfcd otafdv i aifkcd ljadw# pii# |kpb 44 i jcc TW ljadvw ~cj{kol

io ~biodw iv bjo`bdc` `dukgdw/ Wi pbd uk`di ljad ko`twpv{ bjw ~viudo pi fd udv{ okafcd jo` jfcd pi icci|

~cj{dvw iopi jcaiwp jo{ giowtadv `dukgd jo` kopi odjvc{ dudv{ jw~dgp i giowtadvw ckudw/

Pbd vj~k` ~jgd i gia~tpdv dudci~adop ajmdw kp j fkp kgtcp pi pvjgm pbd lvi|pb i uk`di ljadw ~vi`tgd`

iudv pbd {djvw/ Uk`di ljadw jvd wiad|bjp kdvdop via fiimw iv atwkg iv aiukdw ko pbjp pbd{ vdztkvd gdvpjko

bjv`|jvd !! jo` gia~tpdv bjv`|jvd gjo ztkgmc{ fdgiad ifwicdpd jo` bjv` pi o`/ Dopkvd ljad ~cjpivaw gjo

gdjwd pi fd ajotjgptvd` iv wic`# jo` k pbd ~vi~vkdpjv{ bjv`|jvd jo` wip|jvd kwop ~vdwdvud`# kp gjo fd udv{

`kgtcp pi pv{ pi ~ivp ic` uk`di ljadw pi od| ajgbkodw/ Wpkcc# pbdvd jvd wiad vdukujcw i ic` ljadw pbjp bjud

fddo fvitlbp pi od| ljakol w{wpdaw# ftp ko ldodvjc# pbd ~vilvdww i uk`di ljad dudci~adop pdo`w pi cdjud


33/36


ic` ljadw fdbko`/ Ko j``kpkio pi ljadw likol itp

i wp{cd vdcjpkudc{ vdztdopc{# wkogd ljad ~cjpivaw

pdo` oip pi cjwp atgb aivd pbjo j `dgj`d# pbd

otafdv i ljad pkpcdw ~vi`tgd` kw gia~ckgjpd` f{

`t~ckgjpkio jgviww ~cjpivaw jw wiad ljadw jvd

vdcdjwd` wd~jvjpdc{ io kdvdop giowicdw jp wcklbpc{

`kdvdop pkadw/ Iod i pbd aiwp ~i~tcjv ~cjpivawiv ljadw kw J~~cdw kIW ckod i `dukgdw/ Cjtogbd`

ko Htc{ 6>>2# J~~cdw J~~ Wpivd bj` jp cdjwp 5#>>>

ljadw jujkcjfcd pi `i|ocij` f{ Ajvgb 6>>;/ J

d| aiopbw cjpdv ko Htc{ 6>>;# pbd kIW ~cjpiva bj`

iudv :7#>>> ljadw/ Pbd odrp {djv ko Ajvgb 6>:>#

pbdvd |dvd iudv 7>#>>> ljadw ko pbd J~~ Wpivd# jo`

wiad vdgdop otafdvw ~tp pbd otafdv i ljadw#

htwp iv J~~cdw kIW `dukgdw# jp iudv ;>#>>> pi|jv`w

pbd do` i 6>::/ Wi ko htwp pbd cjwp d| {djvw# pbd

otafdv i ljadw io pbd kIW ~cjpiva lvd| f{

jfitp :0>>/ @dudci~dvw bjud fddo eigmkol pi

pbd kIW ~cjpiva# jo` jcaiwp jo{iod gjo ftkc`

jkvc{ wka~cd ljadw iv J~~cdw `dukgdw/ Jo` pbjp

kw htwp j wkolcd ~cjpiva# ifukitwc{ pbdvd jvd ipbdv

ljad giowicdw jo` G ljad ajmdvw pbjp bjud jcwi

~vi`tgd` ajo{ ipbdv ljadw/ Wpkcc# lkudo pbjp pbkw

~vickdvjpkio i kIW ljadw iggtvvd` `tvkol iod i

pbd |ivwp vdgdwwkiow ko bkwpiv{# pbdvd j~~djvw pi fd

jfwictpdc{ oi wci|`i|o ko pbd gvdjpkio i uk`di

ljadw/ Bi|dudv# jw |d adopkiod` djvckdv# |bdo

ljad `dudci~adop ft`ldpw vkwd pi itpvjlditwc{

bklb cdudcw# pbdvd aj{ fd gjtwd iv wiad giogdvo

iv pbd ldovd i ljad pbjp vdztkvdw vdcjpkudc{ bklb

~vi`tgpkio giwpw/ Ftp jw pdgboicil{ bjw aj`d kp

djwkdv jo` gbdj~dv pi dudci~ ljadw# kp wddaw pbjp

pbd gvdjpkio i uk`di ljadw giopkotdw pi eitvkwb

jo` pbd `dajo` iv ljadw kw wpkcc ztkpd bdjcpb{/

Pbd ljad `dudci~dv giaatokp{ bjw wddo jo

doivaitw jaitop i gbjold iudv pbd vdcjpkudc{ fvkd

bkwpiv{ i pbd uk`di ljad ko`twpv{/ Pdgboicilkgjcgbjoldw bjud fddo j giowpjop ko pbkw ko`twpv{ jo`

bjud ~vd~jvd` ajo{ `dudci~dvw pi oip vdwp io jo{

cjtvdcw/ Pbd giwpw i ljad `kwpvkftpkio bjud jccdo

wpdd~c{# htwp jw pbd{ bjud iv fiimw# atwkg jo`

aiukdw# ftp ljad ajmdvw bjudop fddo wi wtv~vkwd`

f{ pbd dgioiakg jo` pdgboicilkgjc `kwvt~pkiow/

Gjwd Wpt`{8Ujcud8 Koevkolda

the sky is rising_report (2012)

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