the skull: maxilla and mandible. temporal,...

The skull: maxilla and mandible.

Temporal, infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossa.

Ph.D., M.D. David Lendvai

Anatomy, Histology- and Embryology Institute

2018.Painting: Munkácsy Mihály: Az ásító inas (Yawning apprentice) (1868-69.) www.mng.hu

Sobotta

Topography

Maxilla

• Paired

• Largest bone of the viscerocranium

• Floor of the orbit

• Floor and lateral wall of the nasal

cavity

• Roof of the oral cavity

• Carries the upper row of teeth

Maxilla

Pyramidal shaped body

Processes (4):

• Frontal

• Zygomatic

• Palatine

• Alveolar

Parts of the Maxilla

Corpus maxillae

Contains the maxillary sinus

(largest paranasal sinus)

4 surfaces:

• anterior

• infratemporal

• orbital

• nasal

2

4

1

1 Zygomatic process

2 Frontal process

4 Alveolar process

(left side)

Aspectus anterior

Szentágothai - Réthelyi

Faller

anterior surface of

the maxilla

• Accessible with

palpation

• Infraorbital margin

• Infraorbital foramen

(Trigeminal pressure

point!)

• Canine fossa

• Nasalis incisure

1

2

3

4

1 Zygomaticus proc.

2 Frontal proc.

3 Orbital surf.

4 Alveolar proc.

(right side)

Aspectus lateralis

Faller

Sobotta

Infratemporal surface

• Behind the zygomatic process

infrazygomatic crest

• Maxillary tuber

• Alveolaria foramina

Aspectus medialis

Sobotta

Nasal surface of the maxilla

• Part of the lateral nasal wall

• Hiatus maxillaris (in the case of

an intact skull largely covered by

the lacrimal, ethmoid, palatine,

inf. nasal concha)

• Lacrimal groove → nasolacrimal

canal

• Conchal groove → inf. nasal

concha

Aspectus superior

Sobotta

Orbital surface of the maxilla

• Infraorbital margin

• Most of the orbital floor

• Infraorbital groove →

infraorbital canal

• Bounds the inf. orbital

fissure

• Orbital process of the

palatine bone

• Lamina papyracea of the

ethmoidal bone

• Lacrimal bone

Frontal and zygomatic

process

Frontal process:

• Ant. lacrimal crest

• Lacrimal margin

• In between: lacrimal incisure

Zygomatic process

Aspectus inferior

Sobotta

• Parabolically curved

• Construction and

maintenance depends

on the functionality of

the dentition

• Alveoli dentales

• Juga alveolaria

• Septa interalvolaria

• Septa interradicularia

Alveolar process

• Ant. 2/3 of the hard palate

• Median and transvers palatine

sutures

• Nasal crest → Ant. nasal spine

• Incisive canal (Y shaped) → incisive

foramen

• Incisive suture

Palatine process

http://www.almanahmedical.eu

Sobotta

Florian Dental – Dr. S. Kovách

http://www.almanahmedical.eu/

Fehér

Fehér

Szél Szél

http://www.hc-bios.com

http://www.hc-bios.com/

1 Ramus of the mandible

2 Coronoid proc.

3 Alveolaris proc.

4 Angle of the mandible

5 Basis of the mandible1

2

34

5

Faller

Sobotta

Fehér

Sobotta

Fehér

Florian Dental – Dr. S. Kovách

Pernkopf

Fehér

Faller

Temporal and infratemporal

fossa

Topography

Infratemporal fossa

BORDERS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA

ANTERIOR

tuber of maxillae

inferior orbital fissure

POSTERIOR

temporomandibular joint

SUPERIOR

infratemporal surface (greater wing)

squamous part of temporal

EXTERNAL

ramus of mandible

coronoid process

INTERNAL

lateral plate of pterygoid

pterygomaxillar fissure

(then the carotid vagina, tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, pharyngeal muscles)

Infratemporal fossa WHERE (TO/FROM)

Pterygomaxillary fissure pterygopalatine fossa

Inferior orbital fissure orbit

(anterolateral part)

Foramen ovale middle cranial fossa

Foramen spinosum middle cranial fossa

Petrotympanic fissure (Glaseri) tympanic cavity

Foramina alveolaria upper posterior teeth

CONNECTIONS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA

INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA

Infratemporal fossa WHERE (TO/FROM)

Pterygomaxillary fissure pterygopalatine fossa


(anterolateral part)

Foramen ovale middle cranial fossa

Foramen spinosum middle cranial fossa

Petrotympanic fissure (Glaseri) tympanic cavity

Foramina alveolaria upper posterior teeth

PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA

BORDERS OF THE PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA

CONNECTIONS OF THE PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA

Pterygomaxillary fissureInferior orbital fissureSphenopalatine foramenGreater and lesses palatine foraminaPterygoid canalForamen rotundum

(Posterior superior alveolar foraminaPalatovaginal canal )

Anterior

Posterior

Pterygopalatine fossa WHERE (TO/FROM)

Pterygoid canal (Vidii) external skull base

Greater and lesser palatine canals

(greater and lesser palatine foramina) oral cavity


(posteromedial part)

Pterygomaxillary fissure infratemporal fossa

Foramen rotundum middle cranial fossa

Sphenopalatine foramen common nasal meatus

CONNECTIONS OF THE PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA

Fossa pterygopalatina WHERE to (from where) Inhalt

Canalis pterygoideus (Vidii) Basis cranii externa N. canalis pterygoidei:

- N. petrosus major (ex N. VII.)

- N. petrosus profundus (symp.)

A. canalis pterygoidei

Canalis palatinus major Cavum oris N. palatinus major (ex N. V/2.)

(öffnet sich mit Foramen palatinum majus) A. palatina descendens

Canales palatini minores Nn. palatini minores (ex N. V/2.)

(öffnen sich mit Foramina palatina minora)

Fissura orbitalis inferior (hinterer, medialer Teil) Orbita N. infraorbitalis,

N. zygomaticus (ex. N. V/2)

V. ophtalmica inf.

Fissura pterygomaxillaris Fossa infratemporalis Nn. alveolares supp. postt. (ex

N. V/2),

A. maxillaris

Foramen rotundum Fossa cranii media N. maxillaris (N. V/2)

Foramen sphenopalatinum Cavum nasi (Meatus nasi communis) Nn. nasales postt. supp. (ex. N.

V/2)

A. sphenopalatina

Fossa infratemporalis WHERE TO (from where ) Inhalt

Fissura pterygomaxillaris Fossa pterygopalatina Nn. alveolares supp. postt. (ex

N. V/2),

A. maxillaris

Fissura orbitalis inferior (vorderer, lateraler Teil) Orbita A., V. infraorbitalis

Foramen ovale Fossa cranii media N. mandibularis (N. V/3)

Foramen spinosum Fossa cranii media A. meningea media

R. meningeus nervi mandibularis

Fissura petrotympanica (Glaseri) Cavum tympani Chorda tympani (ex N. VII.)

A. tympanica ant.

Lig. mallei anterius

Foramina alveolaria Zu den oberen Zähne in Aa. et Nn. alveolares supp.

canales alveolares von Maxilla postt. (ex N. V/2)

PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA 1.

X RAY (CT) IMAGES

HORIZONTAL SECTION FRONTAL SECTION

FOSSA PTERYGOPALATINA 2.

RTG (CT)


RTG (CT)

the skull: maxilla and mandible. temporal,...

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