the rising discontent
DESCRIPTION
The Rising Discontent. HWH UNIT 4 CHAPTER 6.1. “ The most perilous moment for a bad government is one when it seeks to mend its ways. ” -Alexis de Tocqueville, French Historian, 1850s. French Society: The Old Regime. The Three Estates First Estate: The Clergy - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Rising Discontent
HWH UNIT 4CHAPTER 6.1
“The most perilous moment for a bad government is one when it seeks to mend its ways.”
-Alexis de Tocqueville,French Historian,
1850s
The Three Estates
First Estate: The Clergy Second Estate: The Nobility
Nobility of the Robe Nobility of the Sword
Third Estate: Everyone Else Bourgeoisie Peasants Urban workers
French Society: The Old Regime
PEASANTS
≠ URBAN POOR!
A Quick Note…
The French Urban
Poor
The Three Estates Compared: Population
1% 2%
97%
First Es-tateSecond EstateThird Es-tate
Taxation in France,
1789
100%
First EstateSecond Es-tateThird Es-tate
Land Ownership in France,
1789
10%25%
65%
First Es-tateSecond EstateThird Es-tate
The Agenda of the 3rd
Estate3rd Estate
Urban Poor
Peasants
Bourgeoisie
DesireLower Bread PricesPolitical VoiceFair Taxes
End of Feudal ObligationsFair Taxes
Political PowerFair Taxes
Louis XVI (r. 1774-1792) and Marie
Antoinette
Inflation
1730-1780: Price increase 65%, wages increase 22%
The “Feudal Reaction” War Debt
½ of Royal budget went to interest on the debt Taxation system
Inefficient
Louis XVI’s Problems
Finance Minister
Exposed royal spending Proposed taxing all estates
Jacques Necker (1732-1804)
The Problem of the Estates
General“Voting by estate”
The First and Second Estate ALWAYS voted together
First Estate1 Vote
Second Estate1 Vote
Third Estate1 Vote
The “Doubling of the
Third”
Third Estate648
2nd Estate300
1st Estate300
Emmanuel Sieyes
What is the Third Estate?
Lists of complaints drawn up by each estate
Exposed problems in society and government
Cahiers de Doléances
The Turbulent Summer
of 1789
The Estates General meets
(May 5, 1789)
June 17, 1789: The Third Estate walks out; National Assembly
formed
June 20, 1789: Tennis Court
Oath
June 27, 1789: Members of the 1st and 2nd Estate join the National
Assembly
July 11, 1789: Necker is
dismissed
July 14, 1789: Parisians storm
the Bastille