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The Qin dynasty ruled China from221 to 206 B.C. Shi Huang-Ti, the Qin ruler, called himself First Emperor.

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Shi Huang-Ticentralized thegovernment.

He ordered a uniform systemof weights andmeasures as

well as a uniformsystem of writing.

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He united previous walls intoa Great Wall of China to keep invaders out.

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However, Shi Huang-Ti was strictand cruel.

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He believed in Legalism, a Chinesephilosophy that advocated

strict laws and harsh punishments to force selfish people to be good.

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The dynasty collapsed after hisdeath.

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China’s next dynasty was the Handynasty.

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The Han dynasty unified China for over four hundred years.

Han emperors ruled China from 206 B.C. to 220 A.D.

The Han dynasty is frequently compared to the Roman Empire.

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Han emperors expanded China’s borders and increased trade.

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During the Han dynasty, Confucianism began the official philosophy of China.

Confucianism stressed the importance of individuals knowing and doing what was expected of them.

Confucius taught that social order led to peace.

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Confucius believedin the importanceof the social order.He believed that an orderly society

was a peacefulsociety.

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During the Han dynasty, a civil service examination based on Confucianism was established.

In order to work in the Chinese government, a man had to pass an examination on Chinese history and Confucianism.

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To work for thegovernment, a

Chinese man hadto pass a difficultexamination. Byestablishing a civil service

examination, education wasemphasized.

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The Silk Road was a famous Chinese trading route used during the Han dynasty.

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The Chinese invented the compass andmany other wonderful objects. These objects spread along the Silk Road.

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Chinese contactwith India even

led tothe introductionof Buddhism in

China.