The Planting of English America

Enter The English Motives for English Colonization

Dominant group in America todayDominant group in America today

1). 1). To weaken Spain, France, Portugal, To weaken Spain, France, Portugal, and Hollandand Holland2). 2). MercantilismMercantilism a. possession of colonies as a. possession of colonies as

markets/markets/ sources of materialssources of materials b. favorable balance of tradeb. favorable balance of trade c. supply of gold & silverc. supply of gold & silver

Enter The English Motives for English Colonization

Background NotesBackground Notes France/Spain government controlled France/Spain government controlled

& paid for colonies, & paid for colonies, English colonies paid for by private English colonies paid for by private

investmentinvestment North American ColoniesNorth American Colonies

• 1607 1st permanent colony - 1607 1st permanent colony - Jamestown VAJamestown VA

• 1/2 died in colonies - ship loads to 1/2 died in colonies - ship loads to replenishreplenish

Enter The English Motives for English ColonizationBackground NotesBackground Notes Adam Smith (1776 Englishman Wealth of Nations)Adam Smith (1776 Englishman Wealth of Nations) State Capitalism (State Controls)State Capitalism (State Controls) local merchants bring taxes local merchants bring taxes

• no new taxes unless new territories no new taxes unless new territories capitalist idea - tax to benefit the mother countrycapitalist idea - tax to benefit the mother country private individuals invest money under the control private individuals invest money under the control

of the Kingof the King• successful merchant in London, invests in New Worldsuccessful merchant in London, invests in New World• requires a CHARTER or contract (controlled requires a CHARTER or contract (controlled

investment)investment)

Enter The English Motives for English Colonization

3. Overpopulation in England3. Overpopulation in England Enclosure movement- fencing off land for Enclosure movement- fencing off land for

sheep , kick tenants off sheep , kick tenants off sent population into cities around 1600'ssent population into cities around 1600's crime up - homeless transientscrime up - homeless transients

4. Spread Protestant Christianity4. Spread Protestant Christianity Indians - no religion (they thought)Indians - no religion (they thought) Spanish - CatholicSpanish - Catholic Puritans/religious persecution?Puritans/religious persecution?

Enter The English Motives for English Colonization

1. To weaken Spain, France, Portugal, and 1. To weaken Spain, France, Portugal, and HollandHolland

2. Mercantilism2. Mercantilism3. Overpopulation in England3. Overpopulation in England4. Spread Protestant Christianity4. Spread Protestant Christianity

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1. Government1. Government Libertarianism Libertarianism

• "freedom in thought and conduct""freedom in thought and conduct" 1215 Magna Carta 1215 Magna Carta

•statement of rights of nobilitystatement of rights of nobility Parliament over the King: Parliament over the King: ““evolution of evolution of

a representative democracya representative democracy””•King becomes a figurehead eventuallyKing becomes a figurehead eventually•Parliament elects Prime MinisterParliament elects Prime Minister

House of LordsHouse of Lords House of Commons (title-less wealthy)House of Commons (title-less wealthy)

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2. Religion2. Religion Strong connection between church & Strong connection between church &

statesstates•Anglicans - VirginiaAnglicans - Virginia•Puritans - New EnglandPuritans - New England•Catholics - MarylandCatholics - Maryland

Strong anti-Catholic feeling in USStrong anti-Catholic feeling in US•example JFK as the 1st Catholic POTUSexample JFK as the 1st Catholic POTUS

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3. Economics3. Economics a businessman's countrya businessman's country entrepreneurs - a capitalistic countryentrepreneurs - a capitalistic country England later a dominant industrial England later a dominant industrial

country; US followscountry; US follows Private investment in US colonies Private investment in US colonies

by individualsby individuals Right of PropertyRight of Property

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4. Society4. Society elements of society from Englandelements of society from England Ethnocentric concept failing to understand Ethnocentric concept failing to understand

another cultureanother culture preoccupied with own culturepreoccupied with own culture English colonizing rest of the worldEnglish colonizing rest of the world looked down on other ethnic groupslooked down on other ethnic groups Females roles, Settlement PatternsFemales roles, Settlement Patterns

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5. Law (tradition)5. Law (tradition) Anglo-Saxon & RomanAnglo-Saxon & Roman Trial by Jury - comes out of Middle Trial by Jury - comes out of Middle

Ages Ages Becomes an issue in colonial Becomes an issue in colonial

AmericaAmerica

Enter The English Protestant Denominations

Protestant Reformation - Martin LutherProtestant Reformation - Martin Luther German Catholic priestGerman Catholic priest condemned use of priestscondemned use of priests spoke out/ need to reform churchspoke out/ need to reform church PRIESTHOOD OF INDIVIDUAL - PRIESTHOOD OF INDIVIDUAL - can pray can pray

directlydirectly Luther excommunicatedLuther excommunicated PROTEST standing of Catholic ChurchPROTEST standing of Catholic Church LUTHERANISM replaced priest with LUTHERANISM replaced priest with

hierarchy of officialshierarchy of officials

Enter The English Colonial Charters

""grants of land to individuals or groups to establish grants of land to individuals or groups to establish settlements & develop land"settlements & develop land" 1. 1. land grants map "sea to sea"land grants map "sea to sea" 2. types of grants2. types of grants

• a. a. self governingself governing•b. proprietaryb. proprietary•c. royalc. royal

3. land grants were later the basis for 3. land grants were later the basis for establishing statesestablishing states

4. original colonial government structure 4. original colonial government structure (charter) determined division of the north & (charter) determined division of the north & southsouth