The Northern The Northern RenaissanceRenaissance

The Renaissance ContinuesThe Renaissance Continues

Merchants and Merchants and scholars carried scholars carried the Renaissance the Renaissance out of Italy.out of Italy.

Hanseatic LeagueHanseatic League

Assisted in the Assisted in the spread of spread of Renaissance Renaissance ideas to the ideas to the northnorth

Also helped Also helped shipping by shipping by building light building light houses and houses and training ship training ship captainscaptains

Characteristics of the Northern Characteristics of the Northern RenaissanceRenaissance

Humanists in north Humanists in north were more were more interested in interested in religious ideas than religious ideas than the secular themes the secular themes of the Italian of the Italian Renaissance.Renaissance.

Developed plans for Developed plans for social reform based social reform based on Christian values.on Christian values.

Printing PressPrinting Press

Johannes Gutenburg Johannes Gutenburg (German) reinvents (German) reinvents movable type movable type around 1440.around 1440.

This leads to his This leads to his printing pressprinting press – a – a machine that machine that presses paper presses paper against a tray full of against a tray full of inked movable type.inked movable type.

Gutenburg Bible Gutenburg Bible

Around 1455, first Around 1455, first book printed on the book printed on the printing press was printing press was a complete Bible, a complete Bible, the the Gutenburg Gutenburg BibleBible..

Printing Spreads LearningPrinting Spreads Learning

Books were cheap enough that many Books were cheap enough that many people could buy thempeople could buy them

Ideas spread more quicklyIdeas spread more quickly Rise in literacyRise in literacy Writing in vernacularWriting in vernacular More people read Bible for More people read Bible for

themselvesthemselves

Christian HumanistsChristian Humanists

Holland – Desiderius ErasmusHolland – Desiderius Erasmus England – Thomas MoreEngland – Thomas More Combined the interests of theology, Combined the interests of theology,

fiction and historyfiction and history

ErasmusErasmus

Leading Christian Leading Christian HumanistHumanist

Worked as a Priest Worked as a Priest in present day in present day NetherlandsNetherlands

Preached about Preached about pure and simple pure and simple Christian lifeChristian life

Praise of FollyPraise of Folly

In Praise of FollyIn Praise of Folly – poked fun at – poked fun at many people in many people in society and the society and the churchchurch

Led to Led to Protestant Protestant ReformationReformation

Thomas MoreThomas More

Contemporary of ErasmusContemporary of Erasmus

1516 – wrote 1516 – wrote UtopiaUtopia – about an – about an imaginary land inhabited by peace-imaginary land inhabited by peace-loving people.loving people.

Criticizes English government while Criticizes English government while offering his view of a perfect societyoffering his view of a perfect society

Northern Renaissance WritersNorthern Renaissance Writers

1. William Shakespeare1. William Shakespeare 2. Christine de Pisan2. Christine de Pisan

William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare

Wrote plays and Wrote plays and poems that showed a poems that showed a deep understanding deep understanding of human beings.of human beings.

Revealed the souls of Revealed the souls of real men and women.real men and women.• Macbeth, Hamlet, Macbeth, Hamlet,

Romeo and Juliet, A Romeo and Juliet, A Midsummer Night’s Midsummer Night’s DreamDream

MacbethMacbeth

Early 1600sEarly 1600s About the King About the King

Macbeth of Macbeth of ScotlandScotland

Shortest of Shortest of Shakespeare’s Shakespeare’s tragediestragedies

Deals with murder Deals with murder and ghostsand ghosts

Romeo and JulietRomeo and Juliet

Written in the Written in the 1590s1590s

About two teenage About two teenage loverslovers

Untimely deaths of Untimely deaths of the two teenagers the two teenagers lead their feuding lead their feuding families to unitefamilies to unite

HamletHamlet

1599-16011599-1601 The play, set in The play, set in

Denmark, recounts Denmark, recounts how Prince Hamlet how Prince Hamlet wants revenge on wants revenge on his uncle Claudiushis uncle Claudius

Claudius murdered Claudius murdered his father and his father and married his mothermarried his mother

Christine de PisanChristine de Pisan

Italian born writerItalian born writer Wrote Wrote The City of The City of

Women Women that that discussed women’s discussed women’s roles in societyroles in society

Champion of Champion of equality and equality and education of education of womenwomen

Elizabethan AgeElizabethan Age

Renaissance in Renaissance in England called England called “Elizabethan Age” “Elizabethan Age” (named after (named after Queen Elizabeth 1)Queen Elizabeth 1)

Elizabeth was well-Elizabeth was well-educatededucated

Northern Renaissance ArtistsNorthern Renaissance Artists

1. Albrecht Durer-DETAILS1. Albrecht Durer-DETAILS 2. Jane van Eyck2. Jane van Eyck 3. Hans Holbein3. Hans Holbein 4. Peter Brueghel4. Peter Brueghel Northern Artists-used oil to paint and Northern Artists-used oil to paint and

used a candle or light from a window used a candle or light from a window to represent God’s presenceto represent God’s presence

Albrecht DurerAlbrecht Durer

Self PortraitSelf Portrait Painted in oilsPainted in oils

Jan van EyckJan van Eyck

Focused on landscapes and everyday Focused on landscapes and everyday lifelife

Flemish school of paintingFlemish school of painting

Jan van EyckJan van Eyck

Hans HolbeinHans HolbeinThe AmbassadorsThe Ambassadors

Pieter BruegelPieter Bruegelscenes from peasant lifescenes from peasant life