the next cable access technology -...

Copyright 2017 – ARRIS Enterprises, LLC. All rights reserved

The Next Cable Access TechnologyWhat the Future Holds in the Gigabit DAA World

Copyright 2018 – ARRIS Enterprises, LLC. All rights reservedCopyright 2018 – ARRIS Enterprises, LLC. All rights reserved

What’s Coming in the Access Network

Technological Bifurcation

11 April 2018 ARRIS Confidential | Roadmap Subject to Change 2

Architectural Bifurcation

ExponentialBandwidth

Growth

MSO Decisions, Decisions,

DecisionsIncreased

CompetitionSPs & OTT

Evolution vs. Revolution

Centralized vs.Distributed

Architecture

Appliance-based vs. Virtual (SDN/NFV) vs.

Both PNF & SDN

DOCSIS 3.1 / Extended Spectrum / FDX / RFoG -AgileMax / GPON / 10G EPON - DPoE / Wireless

RPHY vs. RMACPHY

Mid-split – High-Split?

Topology Evolution

Customer and Competition Drivers

Fiber Deeper or FTTH?


Recent MSO Average Bandwidth Traffic Trends

• US Tavg almost 100Kbps in 2017

• US Tavg CAGR below 20%– Doubling every ~4-5 years

– For Network Capacity planning, typically use 20% to double every 4 years


30 38 44 48 59 69 7895

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

US

Avg

BW

per

Su

b (

kbp

s)

Year

US Avg BW per Subscriber (2017 Avg = 95 kbps, 5 yr Avg CAGR = 17%)

Average MSO A MSO B MSO C

89 138 233 308 395519

823

1070

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

DS

BW

per

Su

b (

kbp

s)

Year

DS Avg BW per Subscriber (2017 Avg=1070 kbps, 5 yr Avg CAGR = 36%)

Average MSO A MSO B MSO C MSO D

• DS Tavg passes 1Mbps in 2017

• DS Tavg CAGR below 40%– Not quite doubling every other year


What is Driving this Incredible Bandwidth Growth

IN THE NEXT THREE YEARS:

• Over The Top & MSO-Managed IP Video: More Sessions at higher resolution… Unicast video replacing Bcast

• IoT: Upstream Transmissions of many surveillance IP video streams per home

• The ‘Simulcast Bubble’: Simultaneous Transmissions of TV channels in QAM and IP video during the IP video transition

• Service ‘Snappiness’: Desire for rapid response times

• Marketing Pressures: The need to respond to higher PON bandwidth offerings


IN 3-15 YEARS:

• New Ultra High Definition Video-based Applications: Video-phone, Webpages, and Games

• Machine-to-Machine Applications: The next-phase of IoT

• Virtual Reality & Immersive Video: For TV and Gaming

• New and Yet to be Invented Applications: TBD

RESOLUTION MPEG2 MPEG4/H.264 HEVC/H.265

480i30 2.5 – 4 Mbps 1.5 – 2.5 Mbps -

720p60 (or 1080i60 ) 9 – 18 Mbps 4.5 – 9 Mbps 2 – 5 Mbps

4Kx2Kp60 - 25 – 40 Mbps 12 – 20 Mbps

8Kx4Kp60 - - 25 – 60 Mbps

8Kx4Kp120 - - 30 – 90 Mbps


Changes Leading to Changes and more Changes…

YearHigh SLA

BW (Gbps)

2040 1,000

2035 300

2030 100

2026 30

2022 10

2019 3

2016 1

Bandwidth GrowthNetworking &

Infrastructure Issues

• The Head-end Rack-Space Issue…

• The Head-end Power Issue…

• The Lambda ExhaustionIssue on DWDM Fibers…

• The SNR Decrease Issue…

CCAPNode

100 subs(limited BW/sub)

100 subs(limited BW/sub)

Node

2 λ on Fiber

Node-splits

CCAPNode

CCAPNode

Node

Node

50 subs(more BW/sub)




4 λ on Fiber

Relief Techniques

• Move functions out of the Head-end and into the Node

• Use Digital Ethernet on Fiber instead of AM Optical Signals(80 lambdas instead of 32…better SNRs)

11 April 2018 ARRIS Confidential | Roadmap Subject to Change


Integrated CCAP and Distributed Architectures —Architectural Divergence along our Journey

6

I-CCAP(MAC & PHY)Management,

Control & Data Planes

Benefits:No Software / Simple

Lowest OSP PowerLowest MTBF / MTTD / MTTR

Familiar OAM&P

I-CCAP (DOCSIS or PON)

HFC NodeNo Software

No Data Processing

MAC = Packet-level processing PHY = Bit-to-RF level processing

DAAs

CAA DAA

CCAP Core & RPHY

Benefits:Low Rackspace in HE

Low Power in HEMed Power in the OSP

More Lambdas on FiberPurpose Built Performance

Node+ RPHY Module(PHY)

Data Plane

CCAP Core(MAC)

(Management, Control &

Data Planes)

Virtualized Core (vCore) & RPHY

Benefits:Med. Rackspace in HE

Low Power in HEMed Power in the OSP

More Lambdas on FiberElasticity & Feature Velocity

w/ SDN & NFV

Node+ RPHY Module(PHY)

Data Plane

vCore(MAC)

(Management, Control &

Data Planes)

Remote MAC/PHYRMD Mgr & RMD

Benefits:Lowest Rackspace in HE

Lowest Power in HEMed Power in the OSP


w/ SDN & NFV

Node + RMACPHY

Module (MAC & PHY)

(Control & Data Planes)

RMD Manager

(Management Plane Only)

Router

Remote OLTOLT Mgr & R-OLT

Node + R-OLT Module

(MAC & PHY)(Control &

Data Planes)

OLTManager

(Management Plane Only)

Router

Benefits:Lowest Rackspace in HE

Lowest Power in HEMed Power in the OSP


w/ SDN & NFV



Headend Space Migration:2014 to ~2018+ with I-CCAP, R-PHY & R-CCAP


Existing Headend2014

I-CCAP Headend~2017

R-PHY~2018

Access Architecture (Central - CAA or Distributed - DAA)

Time Frame

Space NeededFor ~200 SG

SG per Rack

SG Scale

Older CMTS + Low Density EQAM + Older AM Optics Pre-2014 20-50 Racks 4-10 SG 0.2-0.4X

CAA E6000 + High Density UEQAM + Ext B-cast + AM Optics 2014 ~7 Racks ~28 SG 1X

CAA E6000 Gen 2 with B-cast + AM Optics ~2016-17 ~1½ Racks ~128 SG 4.5X

R-PHY DAA: Gen2 MAC Core + Ether Aggregation + WDM ~2017-18 ~⅔ Rack ~250 SG 9X

R-MACPHY DAA: Router + Aggregation + WDM mux/demux ~2017-19 ~½ Rack ~384 SG 14X

Early R-CCAP DAA: Ethernet Aggregation + WDM mux/demux ~2018-20 ~⅟5 Rack ~960 SG 34X

R-CCAP~2018+

Power Distribution - Fuses

Optical Cable ManagementFiber Patch Panel

CCAP (E6000™)

Ethernet SwitchEthernet SwitchEthernet SwitchEthernet Switch

WDM Muxing / DemuxingWDM Muxing / DemuxingWDM Muxing / Demuxing





Edge Router

Ether QAM





R-MACPHY~2018+

Evolution: HFC > RPHY WDM > RPHY DWDM

RPHY CCAP N

DM

UX

N

MU

X

N

MU

XN

D

MU

X

~400 HP

Target: ≤ 64 HP/node

Today – Parent served by two fibres

Install MUXes and DMUXes daytimeSplice the existing two fibres to MUX/DMUX pairs Migrate Parent to RPHY

Build local fibre and activate RPHY children as needed

Parent - HFC

Install & provision RPHY CCAP

RF CCAPParent - RPHY

• Please view animated mode


RPD Deployment at Scale


Boy.. I’m glad this RPD stuff is easy…


Many Evolutionary Options


Node+X (X>6) Node+3 Node+1 FTTLA (Node+0) FTTT FTTHNode+6

Fiber Depth

Architecture

I-CCAPHFC FTTN

Normal DAAHFC FTTN

I-CCAPHFC

FTTLA/FTTT

I-CCAPRFoGFTTH

DAAHFC

FTTLA/FTTT

DAARFOGFTTH

~1-10 Gbps

~1-25 Gbps wExt Spectrum?


~1-400+ Gbps wExt Spectrum?


New - FDX


~1-400+ Gbps wExt Spectrum?

Head-endPON OLT

FTTH

~1-400+ Gbps?

RemotePON OLT

FTTH

~1-400+ Gbps?

I-C

CA

PD

AA

PO

N

AM Optics

I-CCAP

Node

AM Coax CM

Enet Optics

CCAP Core

DAA Node

AM Coax CM

xPON Optics

CCAP OLT

ONU

Node OLT

~1-10 Gbps

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Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N

High Speed WAN Ports

Switch Fabric

Management Plane

Control Plane (L3)

Data Plane (L3)

Traditional I-CCAP (e.g. I-CCAP DOCSIS System)

11

Active-ActiveNon-Blocking Switch Fabric

Active-ActiveSwitch Fabric

& WAN

Access Line Cards

x Client SlotsUS LTM

10G PHY

DS TM

EPON MAC

US UTM

Switch Fabric

10G EPON Ports

Purpose Built CCAP Based DPoE System (Aggregation)

DPoE MediationvCM vCM

ControlPlane

Core Router Core Router

100G WAN Ports

PON ExtenderNode

10G Ethernet using DWDM

10G EPON Ports

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N


Switch Fabric

Management Plane

Control Plane (L3)

Data Plane (L3)

Dat

a P

lan

e

RouteFabric Card

File Server

FTP/SFTP/ TFTP

NTP/ SNTP

TOD Server

SNMP

SNMP Server

SYSLOG

SYSLOG Server

IPDR Streaming Protocol

IPDR Collector

CLI over SSHv2/ Telnet

Operator (CLI)

DHCP

DHCP Server

CCAP Management Interfaces

Switch Fabric

DS RF Ports

Switch Fabric

US RF Ports

US Scheduler

DS LM

DS UM

DS Scheduler

US UM

US LM

DS PHY US PHY

DCAM, UCAM, &EPFM Client Cards



Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N


Switch Fabric

Management Plane

Control Plane (L3)

Data Plane (L3)


12



& WAN

Access Line Cards

x Client Slots



100G WAN Ports

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N


Switch Fabric

Management Plane

Control Plane (L3)

Data Plane (L3)

File Server

FTP/SFTP/ TFTP

NTP/ SNTP

TOD Server

SNMP

SNMP Server

SYSLOG

SYSLOG Server

IPDR Streaming Protocol

IPDR Collector

CLI over SSHv2/ Telnet

Operator (CLI)

DHCP

DHCP Server

CCAP Management Interfaces

Switch Fabric

DS RF Ports

Switch Fabric

US RF Ports

US Scheduler

DS LM

DS UM

DS Scheduler

US UM

US LM

DS PHY US PHY

RPD Disruptions



L2/3 Network or Switch Fabric

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N


Switch Fabric

Management Plane

Control Plane (L3)

Data Plane (L3)


13



& WAN



100G WAN Ports

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N

Swit

ch F

abri

c &

WA

N


Switch Fabric

Management Plane

Control Plane (L3)

Data Plane (L3)

RPD

L2/3 Network or Switch Fabric

External NetworkInterconnect Remote

PHY to MAC CORE

De-PopulatedPICs – PHY in RPD

US Scheduler

DS UM

DS Scheduler

US UM

Switch Fabric Switch Fabric

DS LM US LM

PERouter

External NetworkInterconnect MAC

CORE to Remote PHY



Leaf

Closer Look at Ethernet Fabrics

• Converged Interconnect Network “CIN”

– Topology• Layer 2 and or Layer 3• Physical & Logical Mesh• Options for Fabric Networks

– Roles of Leaf, Spine, S-Leaf• Leaf terminates edges into Mesh• Spine is a the backbone of Mesh• S-Leaf – a MACSEC implementation Leaf Switch serving RPD’s

– Authentication• S-Leaf is a NAS • NAS in a Controller

– Discovery for RPD to CORE• DHCP Based

– Relay in the S-Leaf– Relay in a Controller

14

N

MU

XN

D

MU

X N

MU

XN

M

UX

RPHY CCAP

S-LeafSpine

Spine

Leaf

S-Leaf

5RU

CIN Fabrics Enable Consolidation of all Remotes :Remote PHY, Remote MAC, Wireless and Remote OLT PON Services



Deploying 1.2 M RPD Based Subscriber Operator Model

• Non Fiber – Deep RPD 250 subs per node

• Total nodes 4,800

• Assume MAC CORE @ 108 SG ( 44 CORES )

• Average SG per Hub 120

• Average BW per Node 3.85Gb/s

• Bandwidth per CORE 416.5Gb/s

• Total Hubs 40, Total Headends 4 @300k subs per, Total Hubs per Headend 10

• Model leaves spare ports per RU for other services such as PON and ~6.8GB/s bandwidth headroom per SG

18 February 2018 ARRIS Confidential | Roadmap Subject to Change 15

Downstream Bandwidth determined by 108-1002MHz, DS NC SC-QAM @ 16x38Mbps, DS NC D3.0 SC-QAM @ 32x38Mbps, DS 3.1 1xOFDM 162MHz+1x114MHz =5x6MHz@48Mbps, DS BC Video 60 SC-QAMx38Mbps


Model an RPD Hub

• Assume 120 SG in the Hub

• All SG are shown as RPDs– Per Node BW 3.8GB/s

– Leaf is: 48 x 10 South + 6 x 40 Uplink

– 2.5 Leaf Switches required ( 3 )

– Each Hub Presents 6 x 40GbE to Dual Spine in Rack


… … …

WDMto OSP

Hub5 RU Fabric

120 RPD Serviced @ 10GB/s Phy

Spine

S-Leaf

40 GB *6 240GbE Full Mesh

R-PHY~2018



CCAP (E6000™)




Model a Headend Sized to 300,000 Subs

• Assume 10 Hubs per Headend

• Per Hub Total Bandwidth 456Gb/s

• Each Hub Presents 6 - 9 x 40GbE bandwidth to HE– Aggregated onto 100G East - West


Hub Rack5RU Fabric

120 RPD ServicedHub 1

100G λTransport to HeadendAssumed OTN

… … …

R-PHY~2018



CCAP (E6000™)



• Optionally collapseMAC Core to a Regional MHE


Collapsing Headends @10Hubs 1,200 Service Groups


Hub 7Hub 8Hub 9Hub 10

Hub 4Hub 3Hub 2Hub 1

Hu

b 5

Hu

b 6

λ 1Drop+Addλ 2, λ 3, λ 4, λ 5 Continue

λ1Drop+Continueλ 2, λ 3, λ 4, λ 5 Continue

λ2Drop +Addλ 1, λ3, λ 4, λ 5 Continue

λ2Drop +Continueλ 1, λ 3, λ 4, λ 5 Continue

λ3Drop + Addλ 1, λ 2, λ 4, λ 5 Continue

λ3Drop + Continueλ 1, λ 2, λ 4, λ 5 Continue





5λ x 100G Transport• Regional

Headend • Add Drop

5 x 100G λ’s


Leaf

Remote PHY Timing Dependencies

• Remote PHY Timing– IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP)– Types of Clocks

• Grandmaster Clock (Ultimate Source)• Boundary Clock (Slave to Grandmaster)• Transparent Clock (Independent Compensation)

– Packet Delay Variation (PDV) is critical

• Both CCAP Core and RPD – OC slaves to an external Grand Master

• The network path – Between the GM and Core/RPD is 1588 unaware

(not a BC nor a TC)

• Max of ~2-3 hops (1588 unaware) between the GM and Core/RPD

• The 1588 packets must be placed in the highest QoS flow (e.g. DSCP value of 46) in order to maintain reasonable PDV

• For routed L3 networks, it is a must to ensure that the forward and reverse paths have similar delays between each slave and its master (GM or BC) to ensure accurate 1588 delay calculation

16 September 2017 ARRIS Confidential | Roadmap Subject to Change 19

N

MU

XN

D

MU

X N

MU

XN

M

UX

RPHY CCAP

S-LeafSpine1588 GrandMaster

1588Boundary

ReferenceSource

Periodic Sync Messages

1588 Re-Stamp

PTP Packet PDV impact through non-participant hops


Installing Remote Phy Process Flow to the Field

• Technician Dispatched for Cut In– Inventory

• Technician Work Order associated withRPD Unique ID

• Truck loaded per Work Orders from Staged Inventory

• RPD Installed in plant• Tech uses Workforce tool to check install

with operator back office provisioning & assurance• Work Order closes once RPD status is online

– Inventory-less• Technician pulls RPD from staged inventory• RPD Installed in plant• Technician uses App to activate RPD into Service Group• RPD is status online


Inventory

OSS WorkforceintegratedInventory

InventoryMatchedtoInstall

Inventory-less

TechselectsRemotefromTruck

ARRISvManager

ARRISvManager

Workforce


Onboarding RPD Process Flow

• Power on to In Service

– RPD authentication at the Network

– Discovery of Principle & AUX Cores via DHCP

– L2TPv3 Tunnel• Setup to CORE(s)• Authentication• Encryption• Pseudo wires for DEPI and UEPI and OOB paths

– In Service



Reaching N+0 realizes FDX DOCSIS – Augmenting Upstream for Symmetrical Service

• 10G DS x 5G US is the target BW

• 684 MHz US versus 42 or 85 MHz today

• The biggest change in FDX is the expanded upstream spectrum

• Optimized for Fiber Deep (Node+0) with DOCSIS Remote PHY Nodes

• Currently FDX is in a pre-standards state

• When deployed, solution for US exhaust scenarios and Competitive Symmetrical Services such as Commercial Data


US DS SpectrumCro

sso

ver

US Spectrum

DS Spectrum

Freq

Freq5 108 684 1218

5 42 54 121885 108

300 492

FDX Band


Last Mile Technology Options Going Forward


Different MSOs may choose to use Different Options on this list… at Different Times… in Different Orders…

MSOs have a real path today toward bandwidth in future 2040 terms

the next cable access technology -...

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