The New England ColoniesThe New England Colonies

• In the early 1600’s, England required all people to follow the Church of England.

• Puritans and Separatists were persecuted by England.

• The Pilgrims set sail for North America in 1620.

The New England ColoniesThe New England Colonies

• The Pilgrims landed at Cape Cod (Plymouth Rock)

• The Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact before they left the ship.

• The Pilgrims established the Plymouth Colony.

• The Puritans arrived in 1630 and renamed the colony the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

The Middle ColoniesThe Middle Colonies

• In 1623, the Dutch government set up a joint-stock-company.

• The Dutch established New Amsterdam.

• The English arrived in 1664 and took control of New Amsterdam and renamed it New York.

The Middle ColoniesThe Middle Colonies

• William Penn was given a charter to establish a colony by Charles II.

• Penn established the Pennsylvania Colony.

• Penn was a Quaker and set up a Quaker-Based colony.

• Great relationship with the Native Americans.

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

• Lord Baltimore set up a Catholic Colony.

• Baltimore established the colony of Maryland, named after Queen Mary.

• In 1663, King Charles II issued a land grant south of Virginia.

• They named the colony Carolina, named after King Charles II.

The Southern ColoniesThe Southern Colonies

• James Oglethorpe established the last colony, Georgia.

• Georgia was a colony for English debtors.

• The main economy of the Southern Colonies was the Plantation System.

Hardships and Problems in the Hardships and Problems in the 13 Colonies - Religion13 Colonies - Religion

• Puritans would not allow any religion that did not follow the laws of the Puritan faith. (Hypocrisy?)

• Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams founded Rhode Island – Freedom of Religion.

Hardships and Problems in the Hardships and Problems in the 13 Colonies – Witch Trials13 Colonies – Witch Trials

• The Witch Trials occurred between 1692 – 1696.

• More than 150 men and women were accused and tried.

• 19 men and women were found guilty and put to death.

Hardships and Problems in the Hardships and Problems in the 13 Colonies – Clash with Natives13 Colonies – Clash with Natives

• King Phillip’s War• Metacom (aka. King

Phillip) led the Wompanoag Tribe against the colonies.

• The main reasons were:

1.Religion2.Land ownership3.Increase in European

Population

Hardships and Problems in the Hardships and Problems in the 13 Colonies - Pirates13 Colonies - Pirates

• Golden Age of Piracy (1680 – 1730)

• Most pirates began their careers as a “Privateer” – A captain is commissioned by the King to raid enemy ships and claim their cargo.

• Many privateers chose piracy because of the money.

Captain Henry Morgan

• “King of all the Pirates”

• Former Vice Admiral of the British Fleet.

• 1st Pirate to attack and steal from other Pirates.

• First to sail under the “Jolly Roger” flag.

Calico Jack Rackham

• Considered to be the most vicious.

• Known to force men to be castrated before becoming a part of his crew.

• Only pirate to sail with women pirates: Anne Bonny and Mary Reade (Women were considered to be “bad luck” on a ship).

Captain Blackbeard

• Real name Edward Teach.

• Most famous pirate and most wanted pirate.

• Ship:– Queen Anne’s Revenge

• Most ships surrendered before Blackbeard boarded their ship.