The Musculoskeletal System

The Musculoskeletal System Defined…

•  the ________________ that is made up of bones and skeletal muscle;

•  the system that ___________ the body, ___________ delicate organs, and makes ___________ possible

Three types of connective tissue in the musculoskeletal system: 1) __________ – hard and dense; consists of

_____________ within a matrix of minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and collagen fibers. There are _________________ for nerves and blood vessels to pass through. ___________ of bone tissue is living.

2)____________ – tough, elastic connective tissue which __________________________ at the joints; made of long fibers of _____________

3) ____________ – dense connective tissue in ears, nose, trachea, disks between vertebrae; made up of special cells in a __________________; provides strong, flexible, low friction support for bones and other tissues

Muscle!

•  These proteins cause the muscle to contract (shorten) when signalled by a ______________

•  ______________ muscle (voluntary) is muscle tissue attached to bones

•  ______________ muscle (involuntary) is located in the intestines

•  ______________ muscle (constant) is found in the heart

•  Consists of ___________ of long fibres that contain special ___________.

How Muscles Make Bones Move • Muscle is connected by ___________ to two or

more bones. The muscles shorten and exert force on the bones.

Contract = Shorten Relax = Lengthen

•  ________- contract bicep - relax tricep

•  ________ - contract tricep - relax bicep

Osteoporosis • Common among

_________________ •  Involves

_______________ tissue making bones brittle and weak

•  Susceptible to many ____________

•  Linked to a loss of ____________

The Nervous System

The Nervous System Defined… Organ system made up of the __________,

_________________ and _____________ nerves

A delicate _________ of __________ that carries ___________ around the body, allowing us to _______ successfully and safely with our environment

The Nervous System is Divided into TWO PARTS:

Central Nervous System (CNS): Made up of the _____________ and ___________________, the CNS acts as the coordinating centre for mechanical and chemical actions

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Consists of the __________ that carry information between the organs of the body and the central nervous system.

Nerve Tissue is made of Neurons •  ___________ – special cells that allow direct

cellular communication by transmitting signals.

- The ___________________ acts like insulation on an electrical wire preventing electrical impulses from escaping to the wrong neuron

- Messages are sent in the form of ____________ signals called nerve impulses from one area of the body to another

Neurons Travel in Bundles Neurons travel throughout our body in bundles referred to as ____________.

Sensory Receptors

•  There are special cells that ________________ from the external environment and send signals along the _____________ nerves towards the ________________ nervous system.

•  Eyes have receptors sensitive to _________. •  There are ______________

in our ears, nose, mouth, muscles and skin!

•  ___________ = sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch

What’s it all for??

•  To ____________________ in both directions from the brain to the rest of your body

•  To _________________ with others •  To be _________________ •  To __________________ the world •  To know when to ________ or _________ •  To fight or take flight •  To tell the ____________ system to breathe harder •  To tell the ____________ system to increase heart beat •  THE LIST COULD GO ON FOREVER!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!