The Middle Colonies NotesThe Middle Colonies Notes

Section 3.4Section 3.4

The Middle ColoniesThe Middle Colonies New York New York

1625 founded by the Dutch as New Netherland. 1625 founded by the Dutch as New Netherland. Became New York in 1664 when taken over by the Became New York in 1664 when taken over by the Duke of YorkDuke of York

New Jersey New Jersey 1664 part of the land taken from the Dutch given to 1664 part of the land taken from the Dutch given to

Sir George Carteret and Lord John BerkeleySir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley Pennsylvania Pennsylvania

1681 Land given to William Penn 1681 Land given to William Penn DelawareDelaware

1701 William Penn gave the lower 3 counties of 1701 William Penn gave the lower 3 counties of Pennsylvania their own assemblyPennsylvania their own assembly

Middle ColoniesMiddle ColoniesRich Soil and mild winters that made them Rich Soil and mild winters that made them

good for farminggood for farmingKnown as the Bread Basket ColoniesKnown as the Bread Basket Colonies

The Hudson and Delaware Rivers made The Hudson and Delaware Rivers made the region good for commerce and shipping the region good for commerce and shipping

Very ethnically and religiously diverseVery ethnically and religiously diverseSettlers from multiple countries and Settlers from multiple countries and

multiple religions settled in the Middle multiple religions settled in the Middle ColoniesColonies

New Netherland becomes New YorkNew Netherland becomes New York New Netherland was started by the Dutch West India New Netherland was started by the Dutch West India

Company as a fur trading post in 1625Company as a fur trading post in 1625 Sweden established New Sweden on the Delaware Sweden established New Sweden on the Delaware

River in 1638. River in 1638. The Governor of New Netherland Peter Stuyvesant The Governor of New Netherland Peter Stuyvesant

took it over in 1655took it over in 1655 The Dutch created the Patroon system to attract settlersThe Dutch created the Patroon system to attract settlers

Any person that brought 50 settlers to New Any person that brought 50 settlers to New Netherland would received a large land grant with Netherland would received a large land grant with hunting fishing and fur-trading privileges.hunting fishing and fur-trading privileges.

Created a social elite because few people could Created a social elite because few people could afford to bring so many.afford to bring so many.

New Netherland becomes New YorkNew Netherland becomes New York

New Netherland was very tolerant to other groupsNew Netherland was very tolerant to other groupsPuritans, Quakers, German Lutherans, French Puritans, Quakers, German Lutherans, French

Protestants, and Jews all lived thereProtestants, and Jews all lived there England saw the Dutch as a threat to their trade in England saw the Dutch as a threat to their trade in

the Americathe America In 1664 Charles II sent his brother James the Duke In 1664 Charles II sent his brother James the Duke

of York to seize New Netherland.of York to seize New Netherland. New Amsterdam (the Capital) surrendered without New Amsterdam (the Capital) surrendered without

a fight and was renamed New Yorka fight and was renamed New YorkJames The Duke of York the largest land holder James The Duke of York the largest land holder

(Proprietor) in America(Proprietor) in America

New NetherlandsNew Netherlands

New JerseyNew Jersey In 1664 Proprietors Sir George Carteret and In 1664 Proprietors Sir George Carteret and

Lord John Berkeley received the land for Lord John Berkeley received the land for supporting the King Charles II and the Duke supporting the King Charles II and the Duke of York.of York.

Part of New YorkPart of New YorkTo gain settlers the Proprietors promisedTo gain settlers the Proprietors promised

Freedom of ReligionFreedom of ReligionLarge Land GrantsLarge Land GrantsRepresentative AssemblyRepresentative Assembly

Sir George Carteret and Sir George Carteret and Lord John BerkeleyLord John Berkeley

PennsylvaniaPennsylvania William Penn was born into a rich family that had loaned William Penn was born into a rich family that had loaned

money to Charles II. money to Charles II. To pay off this debt, in 1681 the king gave Penn land that To pay off this debt, in 1681 the king gave Penn land that

came to be called Pennsylvania.came to be called Pennsylvania. William Penn was Quaker much to his father’s disapproval.William Penn was Quaker much to his father’s disapproval. Penn make Pennsylvania a “Holy Experiment”Penn make Pennsylvania a “Holy Experiment”

It was a place where Quakers and other religions could It was a place where Quakers and other religions could practice their religion free from persecutionpractice their religion free from persecutionPenn also made the residents respect Native Penn also made the residents respect Native

AmericansAmericans Pennsylvania would keep church and state separatePennsylvania would keep church and state separate

There would be no taxes supporting the churchesThere would be no taxes supporting the churches Quakers valued hard work and thriftiness and as a result it Quakers valued hard work and thriftiness and as a result it

became one of the wealthiest colonies in Americabecame one of the wealthiest colonies in America

William PennWilliam Penn

DelawareDelaware Originally New Sweden founded in 1638.Originally New Sweden founded in 1638. Then became part of New Netherland when the Then became part of New Netherland when the

Dutch took overDutch took over Then became part of New York when the English Then became part of New York when the English

took over.took over. Was given to William Penn to pay the debts of Was given to William Penn to pay the debts of

Charles II and became PennsylvaniaCharles II and became Pennsylvania William Penn granted the three lower counties of William Penn granted the three lower counties of

Pennsylvania their own assembly in 1701 Pennsylvania their own assembly in 1701 creating Delaware.creating Delaware.

DelawareDelaware