middle colonies. colonies new york pennsylvania new jersey delaware
TRANSCRIPT
Middle Colonie
s
Colonies• New York• Pennsylvania• New Jersey• Delaware
Geography/Location• Rich soil which helped
plants and crops to grow• Plains, valleys, and
hills/mountains• Harbors, bays, rivers
• Deep rivers allowed larger ships to travel to inland settlements and allowed
colonists to trade.• Moderate climate which
made for a long growing season
Resources• Wildlife• Wheat• Corn• Barley• Grain• Were known as
the “Breadbasket Colonies” because they produced so much wheat, corn, and rye
•These became known as Cash Crops- crops grown to sell for profit
Reasons for settling
• Religious freedom
• Economic opportunity- People wanted to buy land and grow crops to make money.
Economy/Trade
• By the mid 1700’s Philadelphia and New York were important trading and manufacturing centers
• Merchants in Philadelphia and New York exported colonial goods to markets in Britain and the East Indies– Included wheat from Pennsylvania, New York, and
New Jersey
Industries• Breadbaskets• Raised livestock• Farmers• Shipping• Trading
People• Artisans – someone
who is skilled at making something by hand, such as silver spoons or wooden
chairs• Quakers – religious
people who were members of a church
• Slaves• Farmers
Artisans
• People who were skilled at making things by hand, like silver spoons or wooden chairs.
• Liked the big cities as there were more customers in a city
• Attracted by the free market economy-which means people could buy and sell what they wanted.
Women• Women made important contributions to the
economy– Ran farms, businesses such as clothing, grocery
stores, bakeries, and drugstores– Practiced medicine and acted as midwives– Colonial laws in this area limited their
opportunities• Most colonial women worked in the home
and ran the farm• Sometimes provided paid services like
washing clothes
Apprentice
• Someone who studies with a master to learn a new skill or business
• Boys learned shoemaking, printing or bookmaking
• Girls learned how to spin thread and weave cloth.
Roles
• Slaves-Unlike the New England colonies, slaves were somewhat more important in the Middle – Instead of the huge apprentice system, the Middle
Colonies used slave labor in its place– Worked as blacksmiths and carpenters– Could also be found in the shipbuilding industry
• Indentured servants filled a lot more of those needs than slave labor– They were not a life long commitment– After their term was done, they were gone
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Reference Material:
Houghton Mifflin Social
Studies United States History
Early Years Textbook