The Legacy of Ancient Greece

THE ARTS & ARCHITECTURE

DEMOCRACY & PHILOSOPHY

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

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Students will be able to describe the development and impact of government as well as citizenship; the

scientific and cultural advancements; and the roles and contributions of individuals in Ancient Greece.

ANCIENT GREECE3

3rd Quarter ISN – Table of Contents

Left Side Page Right Side Page(Blank) 0 3rd Q. Table of Contents 1

(Blank) 2 Greece L. Goal 3

Where in Greece? Answers 4 Geography Cause & Effect 5

Greece Key Vocabulary Part 1 6 Greece Key Vocabulary Part 2 7

City-State called Polis C.N. 8 Forms of Government C.N. 9

Life in SPARTA 10 Life in ATHENS 11

“I am” Rough Draft/Blank 12 “I am” Final Poem 13

Cultural: Theater & Literature CN 14 Cultural: Architecture CN 15

Cultural: Democracy 16 Cultural: Philosophy 17

Scientific: Astronomy 18 Scientific: Math & Physics 19

Alexander the Great 20 Student Created Test Review 21

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The Arts & Architecture of Ancient Greece

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Topic: Greek Theater and Literature- p. 364, 411, 412Essential Question: What new elements did Greek theater and literature

introduce?

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Cues:

1. What is a drama?

1. What is the difference

between a tragedy and

comedy?

1. Who was Homer and

what was he famous for?

ama: a written work designed for actors to perform

Tragedy- a serious drama that presents the downfall of an important character, like a king. Common themes: love, war, and hate

Comedy- less serious dramatic work, often made fun of politics, important people, and ideas of the time with happy endings.

Famous Greek LiteratureHomer was a blind man who composed the most famous epics (long poems): the Odyssey and the Illiad, about the Trojan War and its portrayal of heroes like Achilles.

Topic: Greek Architecture- p.412 and 413 Essential Question: What new elements did Greek architecture introduce?

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Cues:

1. What is the style of Greek

art?

1. How did the Greeks use

columns and sculptures?

1. Who was Phidias and what

is he famous for?

deal: a style of Greek art focusing on as perfect a form (objects and humans) as possible

A series of columns, called a colonnade, was placed around the outside of buildings with graceful proportions.

Sculptures portrayed the gods and placed in temples to honor them

Phidias- sculptor who created the statue of Athena in the Parthenon using gold and ivory, standing over 30 feet tall in 447 BC.

The Arts & Architecture of Ancient GreeceArts Architecture

Drama: a written work designed for actors to perform

Tragedy- a serious drama that presents the downfall of an important character, like a king. Common themes: love, war, and hate

Comedy- less serious dramatic work, often made fun of politics, important people, and ideas of the time with happy endings.

Famous Greek LiteratureHomer was a blind man who composed the most famous epics (long poems): the Odyssey and the Illiad, about the Trojan War and its portrayal of heroes like Achilles.

Ideal: a style of Greek art focusing on as perfect a form(objects and humans) as possible

Sculptures portrayed the gods and placed in temples to honorthem

A series of columns, called a colonnade, was placed around the outside of buildings with graceful proportions.

Phidias- sculptor who created the statue of Athena in the Parthenon using gold and ivory, standing over 30 feet tall in 447 B.C.

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Democracy and the Philosophy of Ancient Greece

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Topic: Greek Democracy- p. 393, 394, and 395EQ: How is Direct Democracy different from Representative Democracy?

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Cues:

1. What are the similarities

between Athenian Direct

Democracy and U.S.

Representative Democracy?

1. Define Direct Democracy.

1. Who was Pericles and

what is he famous for?

They share the following: 1) political power is held by all citizensand 2) three branches: law-making, executive, and judicial.

Direct Democracy- a form of democracy in which citizens participate directly in running the government.

Pericles was one of Athens’ greatest leaders. He strengthened democracy by paying public officials. He expanded the empire by building a strong naval fleet. He rebuilt and beautified Athens.

C.

Topic: Greek Philosophy- p. 414, 415EQ: Why did the Greeks develop philosophy?

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Cues: 1. Explain the study of Greek

philosophy.

1. Who was Socrates and how did

he challenge his students?

1. Who was Plato and what did he

believe?

1. Who was Aristotle and how was

his invention used? Who did he

tutor?

philosophy, or the study of basic truths and ideas about the universe, focused on reason and logic. These laws rule the universe and peoplecould understand them.

Socrates challenged his students asking them a series of questions to examine their beliefs.

Plato was a student of Socrates who believed that a philosopher-kingshould rule a government.

Aristotle was a student of Plato who used the rules of logic for debatingand studying areas of science. He tutored Alexander the Great.

Science and Technology of Ancient Greece

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Topic: Greek Science- p. 416, 417EQ: What scientific discoveries were made by Greeks in Astronomy?

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Cues: 1. Why was astronomy so

important to the Greeks?

1. What were they able to

estimate?

1. What relationship did they

study?

1. Who was Ptolemy and what

was he wrong about?

Greeks made important discoveries about planets and stars.

Found a way to estimate the circumference, or distance around Earth

Studied the relationship of the sun, moon, and Earth to each other

Famous Greek FAIL!!! Oops! Ptolemy, a scientist, placed Earth at the center of the universe which was NOTcorrect but believed for 1,400 years!

Topic: Greek Math & Physics- p. 416, 417EQ: What kinds of discoveries were developed by mathematicians

and physicists?

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Cues: 1. In order for them to study

astronomy, what other subject

did they need to develop?

1. Who was Euclid and what did he

create?

1. Who was Archimedes and what

did he develop? How were his

ideas used?

Advanced mathematics was needed to study astronomy so several kinds of math were developed.

Euclid was a mathematician who created the basis for geometry.

Archimedes was an inventor who developed the compound pulley and explained the law of the lever. His ideas were used to build pumps for irrigation systems.

Alexander the Great & Hellenistic CultureThe blend of Greek, Persian, Egyptian and Indian Styles and Customs

The Kingdom of Macedonia Alexander Tries to Conquer the World The Legacy of Alexander

The country north of Greece called Macedonia had a strong and fearless king, Philip II.

As a teenager, Philip was a hostage in the Greek polis of Thebes. He observed their army and military tactics. He used this knowledge to build a well-trained army and new weapons like a catapult and battering rams.

Many Greek polis were disorganized after the Peloponnesian War (Athens vs. Sparta) so he conquered them and became a dictatorial ruler, ending democracy. He was assassinated at his daughter’s wedding and his son, Alexander (age 20) took the throne.

Alexander was ready to be king. He was tutored by the finest Greek scholars, trained in his father’s army, and he wanted to create an empire.

Many Greek polis feared Alexander’s cruel and bold war tactics against Thebes. He gained full control of Greece. He attacked and defeated Persian forces in Anatolia before heading south to Egypt.

Egyptians welcomed Alexander because they hated the Persians. They chose him to be their pharaoh.

He moved his forces east conquering Mesopotamia, Persia (Central Asia), and the Indus River Valley in India.

After conquering lands, Alexander left Greeks to set up colonies spreading their Greek culture and customs especially Greek language.

Hellas was the Greek name for Greece. The blending of Greek, Persian (Arabs), Egyptian and Indians cultures (cultural diffusion) became known as Hellenisticculture which still exists in those lands today.

The most famous Hellenistic city was Alexandria, Egypt founded in 332 BC. The city was an important center of learning with a library containing vast collections of texts attracting scholars across the lands to study ideas and create new discoveries.

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Alexander the Great & Hellenistic CultureThe blend of Greek, Persian, Egyptian and Indian Styles and Customs

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Can YOU apply your ISN notes to Respond to Critical Thinking Questions? With your neighbor, find out if, YOU are prepared for the

CFA!

Art & ArchitectureDemocracy, History, and

PhilosophyScience & Technology Alexander the Great

What qualities did Greek sculptors and

architects seek to portray?

What aspects of Athenian direct

democracy are similar to democracy as practiced by the United States?

How did the Greek scientists expand

knowledge about the world?

How did the conquests of

Alexander the Great change the cultures

of the conquered lands?

Greek sculptors aimed to create ideal images. Greek architects had the same goal of creating structures of beauty, grace, and proportion.

Both democracies have citizens exercising political power like voting, and both have three branches of government.

Greek scientists made advances in astronomy, mathematics, and physics that expanded knowledge and understanding about the world and the solar system.

All the cultures were affected by cultural diffusion. New ideas and ways of governing became a part of life in the conquered lands. Learning and knowledge changed as well.

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