the law of conservation of matter. 2 conservation of matter l the law states during a chemical...
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All chemical reactions have two parts l Reactants - the substances you start with l Products- the substances you end up with l The reactants turn into the products. –Reactants ProductsTRANSCRIPT
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The Law of Conservation of Matter
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2
Conservation of Matter
The law states–During a chemical reaction, matter
cannot be created or destroyed.
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All chemical reactions have two parts
Reactants - the substances you start with
Products- the substances you end up with
The reactants turn into the products.–Reactants Products
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In a chemical reaction Mass of reactant = mass of product Can be described several ways– In a word equation– Aluminum + Oxygen Aluminum Oxide– In a chemical equation–Al + O2 Al2O3
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Balancing Chemical Equations
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Balanced Equation Atoms can’t be created or destroyed All the atoms we start with we must
end up with A balanced equation has the same
number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.
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C + O2 CO2 This equation is already balanced What if it isn’t already?
C + OO COO
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C + O2 CO We need one more oxygen in the
products. Can’t change the formula, because it
describes what actually happens
+ OCOOC OCC
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Must have started with two C 2 C + O2 2 CO
+ OCC OCC
Must be used to make another CO But where did the other C come
from?
OO
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Rules for balancing Write the correct formulas for all the
reactants and products Count the number of atoms of each
type appearing on both sides Balance the elements one at a time
by adding coefficients (the numbers in front)
Check to make sure it is balanced.
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11
Coefficients A number written before a chemical
formula It shows how many molecules of a
compound are present.
•2 NaCl
coefficient
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Never Change a subscript to balance an
equation.– If you change the formula you are
describing a different reaction.–H2O is a different compound than H2O2
Never put a coefficient in the middle of a formula–2 NaCl is okay, Na2Cl is not.
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ExampleH2 + H2OO2
Make a table to keep track of where you are at
R PHO
22
21
Need twice as much O in the product
H2 + H2OO2 2
2
Changes the OAlso changes the H
4
Need twice as much H in the reactant
2
Recount
4
The equation is balanced, has the same number of each kind of atom on both sides
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ExampleH2 + H2OO2
R PHO
22
21
2
24
2
4
This is the answerNot this
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An equation Describes a reaction Must be balanced to follow the
Law of Conservation of Mass Can only be balanced by changing
the coefficients.