the latest on wear tolerant grass varities for sports fields · the latest on wear tolerant grass...

The Latest on Wear Tolerant Grass Varieties for

Sports Fields

Brad Park – Rutgers University2009 STMONY Conference and Trade Show

Syracuse, New York November 12, 2009

Turfgrass selection matters

Expert Gardner: Perfect Seed34% ‘Boreal’ Creeping Red Fescue

20% ‘Baron’ KY Bluegrass

14% ‘Evening Shade’ Perennial Ryegrass

10% ‘Bariviera’ Rough Bluegrass

7% ‘Panterra’ Annual Ryegrass

7% ‘Barverdi’ Annual Ryegrass

6% ‘Labarinth’ Tall Fescue

Sta-Green: Regional Selects30% ‘Focus’ Tall Fescue

30% ‘Arid II’ Tall Fescue

24% ‘Brooklawn’ KY Bluegrass

14% ‘Finesse II’ Tall Fescue

16 Sept. 2005

Turfgrass selection matters

2005 NTEP Kentucky Bluegrass TestLate Summer 2009

KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS

PERENNIAL RYEGRASS

TALL FESCUE

Turfgrass selection

Kentucky bluegrass

• Hardy, well adapted to Northeastern United States

• Improved disease and traffic tolerance• Slow to establish from seed• Best established from sod• Slow spring green-up; although variety

differences exist

Rhizomatous growth habit

Sod strength

Netted sod?

Kentucky bluegrass classification system

• Kentucky bluegrass varieties can be classified based on diverse growth and performance characteristicsKentucky Bluegrass Types

Compact Compact-MidnightCompact-America Mid-Atlantic EcotypeJulia CELAHigh Density (Formerly Aggressive) BVMGShamrock CommonTX x KY Blue hybrids BellevueCheri Other

See: http://www.turf.rutgers.edu/research/reports/2008/59.pdf

Compact-Midnight Type

• Similar growth/performance characteristics compared to ‘Midnight’

• Long winter dormancy; late spring green-up• Very dark green• Good heat tolerance

Midnight 17 Apr. 2005

CELA Type17 Apr. 2005

Compact-Midnight Types

Compact-America Type

• Similar growth/performance characteristics compared to ‘America’

• Finer leaf texture and higher shoot density compared to other Compact Type varieties

• Moderate winter dormancy

Compact Type 17 Apr. 2005

Brilliant 17 Apr. 2005

BVMG (Baron, Victa, Merit, Gnome) Type

• Named after first commercially released varieties of this type (‘Baron’, ‘Victa’, ‘Merit’, and ‘Gnome’)

• High seed yield potential• High susceptibility to stripe smut

MeritJune 2005

Compact-Midnight TypeJune 2005

Traffic

• Wear, compaction, soil displacement, and divoting

Wear research

Materials and methods

2005 National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP)Kentucky bluegrass test• One hundred twenty-one (121) Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and

experimental selections established in fall 2005 • Plots seeded at ~ 2.0 lbs/1000 ft2

• Cultural practices• Mowing ~ 3x/week at 1.5-inch • 0.5 lbs N/1000 ft2/month; 4.0 lbs N/1000 ft2 annually• Irrigation to prevent drought stress

• Wear treatments initiated in Fall 2006


2005 NTEP Kentucky Bluegrass Test

Wear Period Passes with wear simulator†

Fall 20063 October – 9 October: 18

Summer 200725 July – 27 July: 18

Spring 200822 April – 24 April 18

† Operating speed=2.5 mph; paddles=250 rpm


2005 NTEP Kentucky Bluegrass Test

Wear Period Passes with wear simulator†

Fall 2008 3 November – 5 November 36

Summer 200922 July – 24 July 36

Spring 2010 (Scheduled)March/April 36


CW = Fullness of turf canopy after wear (0-100%)Wear Tolerance (1-9 scale; 9=best tolerance)

‘Glenmont’CW = 5%

Wear Tolerance=1.0

‘Gladstone’CW = 80%

Wear Tolerance=8.0

Results – 2005 NTEP KY Bluegrass Trial (2006-08; 18 wear passes)

Fullness of Turf Canopy (C) Season CBW CW CW - CBW C20DAW C20DAW - CW

----------------------------- 0-100% -----------------------------------Summer 07 81.7 57.9 - 23.8 60.5 2.7Fall 06 74.9 55.8 - 19.1 63.8 8.1Spring 08 46.1 32.8 - 13.4 65.1 32.3

LSD0.05 11.0 11.1 2.1 --- 6.4

Season *** ** *** NS ***Entry *** *** *** *** ***Season x Entry *** *** *** *** ***

CBW = Fullness of turf canopy before wear CW = Fullness of turf canopy after wearC20DAW = Fullness of turf canopy 20 days after wear (DAW) NS, not significant** significant at the 0.01 probability level*** significant at the 0.001 probability level

Results – 2005 NTEP KY Bluegrass Trial (2008-09; 36 passes)

---- Fullness of Turf Canopy (C) ---- Wear -- Fullness of Turf Canopy --

Season CBW CW CW - CBW Tolerance C20DAW C20DAW - CW

--------------- 0-100% ------------------- (1-9) ---------- 0-100% ----------

Fall 08 81.1 27.1 -53.9 4.0 23.3 -3.8Summer 09 78.6 40.3 -38.3 4.0 38.9 -1.4

LSD0.05 -- 7.4 3.4 -- 12.0 --

Season NS ** *** NS * NSEntry NS ** *** *** * NSSeason x Entry NS NS NS NS NS ***

CBW = Fullness of turf canopy before wear CW = Fullness of turf canopy after wearWear tolerance; 9=most wear tolerantC20DAW = Fullness of turf canopy 20 days after wear (DAW) NS, not significant* significant at the 0.05 probability level ** significant at the 0.01 probability level*** significant at the 0.001 probability level

Fall 2008 Wear

Results: 2005 NTEP KY Bluegrass Trial (2006-08)

Kentucky bluegrass entries in top statistical ranking for fullness of turfgrass canopy after 18 wear passes (CW ) in two or more season (2006- 08).

Summer Drought

Fullness of Turf Canopy (CW ) Patch Stress

Entry Spring Summer Fall 22-Jul-08 4-Sept-08

--------------- 0-100% ---------- -----1-9 scale ----

Sombrero 58.3 93.3 73.3 3.0 3.3

Julia 68.3 88.3 73.3 5.7 1.3

CPP 822 66.7 91.7 71.7 2.0 3.7

Harmonie 46.7 95.0 76.7 3.0 2.3

Gladstone 46.7 85.0 71.7 2.7 3.7

Bariris 51.7 85.0 70.0 7.0 3.7

Greenteam 51.7 91.7 68.3 3.0 3.7

Rubicon 61.7 71.7 66.7 7.7 5.7

LSD0.05 16.3 2.0 2.4


Kentucky bluegrass entries in top statistical ranking for fullness of turfgrass canopy after 18 wear passes (CW ) in one season (2006-08) AND top category for least summer patch and drought stress avoidance.

Summer Drought

Fullness of Turf Canopy (CW ) Patch Stress

Entry Spring Summer Fall 22-Jul-08 4-Sept-08

--------------- 0-100% ---------- -----1-9 scale ----

Granite 23.3 68.3 73.3 8.0 6.7

SW AG 514 11.7 78.3 65.0 8.0 6.3

Touche 31.7 60.0 65.0 7.7 6.0

Everglade 26.7 71.7 63.3 7.7 6.0

Skye 30.0 66.7 61.7 8.3 6.0

Blue Note 43.3 53.3 61.7 8.3 7.3

Blueberry 31.7 53.3 61.7 8.3 6.0

A00-99 53.3 40.0 60.0 9.0 7.3

A99-523 61.7 60.0 58.3 8.3 7.3

BAR VV 0709 58.3 78.3 56.7 8.0 8.0

LSD0.05 16.3 2.0 2.4


Fullness of turfgrass canopy after 36 wear passes (CW ) and wear tolerance (1-9) average across seasons (fall 2008 and summer 2009) and dollar spot susceptibility for Kentucky bluegrass.

Fullness of Turf Dollar Spot

Entry Canopy (CW ) Wear Tol. 26-Aug-09

--- 0-100% --- ------------1-9 scale --------------

Sombrero 80.0 8.7 1.3

Harmonie 75.0 7.8 1.0

CPP 822 74.2 8.2 1.0

Greenteam 74.2 7.7 1.0

Emblem 73.3 8.0 3.7

Bariris 65.0 7.0 1.3

Julia 60.0 6.3 2.0

Rubicon 59.2 6.5 3.0

BAR VV 0709 55.8 6.2 7.0

Sudden Impact 55.0 7.0 5.3

Midnight 55.0 6.5 6.7

Prosperity 55.0 6.5 2.3

Excursion 55.0 6.3 6.7

Nu Destiny 53.3 6.7 6.0

LSD0.05 12.2 1.5 2.8


Fullness of turfgrass canopy after 36 wear passes (CW ) and wear tolerance (1-9) average across seasons (fall 2008 and summer 2009) and dollar spot susceptibility for notable Kentucky bluegrass entries.

Fullness of Turf Dollar Spot

Notable entries Canopy (CW ) Wear Tol. 26-Aug-09

--- 0-100% --- ------------1-9 scale --------------

Award 48.3 6.0 6.0

Midnight II 45.0 6.2 6.3

Beyond 43.3 5.8 3.7

Blue Note 42.5 5.0 6.3

Washington 41.7 4.8 2.0

Baron 35.0 4.5 2.7

Shamrock 33.3 3.7 5.3

Princeton 105 20.0 3.0 2.0

America 14.2 1.3 3.0

Kenblue 13.3 1.3 6.0

LSD0.05 12.2 1.5 2.8

Tall fescue

6 August 2009 – 13 days after wear (DAW)

‘Excursion’ Kentucky bluegrass

Compact-Midnight Type

Tall fescue


‘Blue Note’ Kentucky bluegrass

Compact-America Type

Tall fescue


‘Julia’ Kentucky bluegrass

Julia Type

Tall fescue


‘Bariris’ Kentucky bluegrass

High Density Type

Tall fescue

‘Princeton 105’: Compact Type

‘Midnight II’: Compact-Midnight Type

Tall fescue

Drought stress sensitivity

Tall fescue

Julia – Prior to Fall 2008 Wear

Fall 2008 Wear - Julia

Seasonal field use and annual bluegrass encroachment

April 2006 FallSummer

Spring

Spring Green-up

40% Princeton 10530% Midnight Star30% Brilliant

20% Serene; 20% Midnight20% Goldrush; 20% Limousine; 20% Jefferson

BLENDS & SPRING GREEN-UP: APRIL 19, 2006

Spring Green-up

Entry/Type (1-9; 9=best green-up)

Cabernet (Mid-Atlantic) 6.5

Jefferson (CELA) 5.9

Touchdown (High Density) 5.8

Princeton 105 & Touchdown 5.3

Princeton 105 & Cabernet 5.3

Langara (America) 5.2

Bedazzled (America) 5.0

Princeton 105 & Jefferson 5.0

Princeton 105 & Langara 4.3

Princeton 105 & Bedazzled 4.2

Princeton 105 (Compact) 4.0

Princeton 105 & Midnight 3.3

Midnight (Midnight) 3.1

LSD0.05 0.5

2002 Kentucky Bluegrass Trial: Established September 2002

Kentucky bluegrass wear research

CONCLUSIONS• Variety selection should be based on:

• Wear tolerance• Turf quality• Summer patch and dollar spot susceptibility• Spring green-up?

• Cultivars with high CW and wear tolerance (‘Sombrero’, ‘Harmonie’, ‘Greenteam’, ‘Emblem’, ‘Bariris’, and ‘Julia’) showed susceptibility to summer patch, dollar spot, and/or drought stress.

• Variety selection should begin with Compact-Midnight Types and blend other varieties to improve spring green-up (i.e. Jefferson, Cabernet, Brilliant, Blue Note, and Avalanche.

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)

• Recognized for wear tolerance and adaptation to intensively trafficked sports fields in the transition zone

Tall fescue

• Generally considered to have bunch-type growth habit

• Can be mixed with Kentucky bluegrass• 85-95% Tall fescue & 5-15% Kentucky bluegrass

• Common NJ Sod

• Rapid seed establishment

• Poor seedling wear tolerance

• Drought, heat, and insect tolerance

• Brown patch susceptibility

Improvements through breeding

‘Kentucky-31’ Improved Turf-Type

‘Kentucky-31’

‘Jamboree’

Tall fescue researchTraffic research

AND

Past traffic stress research

Compaction tolerance: Perennial ryegrass = Kentucky bluegrass > Tall fescue

Carrow, R.N. 1980. Influence of soil compaction on three turfgrass species. Agron . J. 72:1038-1042.


2006 NTEP tall fescue test• One hundred twenty (120) tall fescue cultivars and


• Cultural practices• Mowing ~ 1x/week at 2.75-inch • 0.4 lbs N/1000 ft2/month; 3.2 lbs N/1000 ft2 annually• Irrigation to prevent drought stress

• Traffic treatments initiated in Fall 2007


2006 NTEP Tall fescue Test

Traffic Period Wear† Compaction‡

Fall 20072 October – 4 October: 24 10 October 10

Summer 200822 July – 23 July: 16 4 August 10

Spring 200928 April – 30 April 244 May 10

† Operating speed=2.5 mph; paddles=250 rpm‡ 2784 lb roller with vibratory function engaged

Results – 2006 NTEP Tall Fescue Trial (2007-08)

2006 NTEP Tall Fescue Trial

Fullness of Turfgrass Canopy (C) Entry Effect CBW CW CW - CBW C8-22DAC C8-22DAC - CW

Fall 07 *** *** *** *** ***Summer 08 *** *** ** NS NSSpring 09 *** ***

NS, not significant** significant at the 0.01 probability level*** significant at the 0.001 probability level

0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0

50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0Turfgrass Density (%)

r = 0.83 p < 0.001

Fulln

ess

of T

urf C

anop

y af

ter

Wea

r (C

W) (

%)

Results: 2006 NTEP Tall Fescue TrialFall 2007 Wear: Turfgrass density vs. CW

Park, B.S., J.M. Bokmeyer, J.A. Murphy, S.A. Bonos, and W.A. Meyer. 2009. Evaluation of tall fescue under simulated wear. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 11:563-572

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0

Turfgrass Density (9=most dense)

Wea

r Tol

eran

ce (9

=mos

t)

r = 0.76 p < 0.001

Results: 2005 CTBT (Cooperative Turfgrass Breeders Test) Tall Fescue TrialFall 2007 Wear: Turfgrass density (1-9 scale) vs. Wear tolerance (1-9 scale)

Park, B.S., J.M. Bokmeyer, J.A. Murphy, S.A. Bonos, and W.A. Meyer. 2009. Evaluation of tall fescue under simulated wear. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 11:563-572

Results: 2006 NTEP Tall Fescue TrialRecovery from Fall 2007 TRAFFIC

FULLNESS OF TURF CANOPY (C)

FALL 2007 SPRING 2008 RECOVERY

C22DAC C211DAC C238DAC

Entry 1-Nov-07 8-May-08 C211DAC -C22DAC 4-June-08 C238DAC – C211DAC

----------------------------------------- 0-100% -------------------------------------

MEAN = 4.7 MEAN = 26.1

Cochise IV (RKCL) 51.7 38.3 -13.3 78.3 26.7

Greenbrooks (TG 50-9460) 51.7 50.0 -1.7 73.3 21.7

Catelyst (NA-BT-1) 50.0 48.3 -1.7 81.7 31.7

Spyder LS (Z-2000) 50.0 40.0 -10.0 71.7 21.7

Falcon NG (CE 1) 50.0 56.7 6.7 70.0 20.0

CE-2 50.0 56.7 6.7 70.0 20.0

Cannavaro (DP 50-9440) 48.3 43.3 -5.0 76.7 28.3

Rebel IV 48.3 58.3 10.0 71.7 23.3

Traverse SPR (RK-1) 46.7 55.0 8.3 75.0 28.3

Finelawn Xpress (RP 2) 46.7 48.3 1.7 75.0 28.3

Firenza 46.7 45.0 -1.7 75.0 28.3

Wolfpack II (PST-5WMB) 46.7 40.0 -6.7 75.0 28.3






----------------------------------------- 0-100% -------------------------------------

Titanium 46.7 56.7 10.0 70.0 23.3

Bullseye 45.0 41.7 -3.3 78.3 33.3

Hemi 45.0 53.3 8.3 73.3 28.3

Turbo 45.0 46.7 1.7 73.3 28.3

CE-4 45.0 46.7 1.7 73.3 28.3

Mustang 4 (M4) 43.3 45.0 1.7 78.3 35.0

Shenandoah III (SH 3) 43.3 51.7 8.3 76.7 33.3

SC-1 43.3 50.0 6.7 76.7 33.3

Biltmore 43.3 56.7 13.3 75.0 31.7

Aggressor (IS-TF-153) 43.3 51.7 8.3 75.0 31.7

SR 8650 (STR-8LMM) 43.3 48.3 5.0 75.0 31.7

Monet (LTP-610 CL) 43.3 45.0 1.7 73.3 30.0

Padre 43.3 55.0 11.7 71.7 28.3






----------------------------------------- 0-100% -------------------------------------

Talladega (RP 3) 43.3 40.0 -3.3 71.7 28.3

Rembrandt 43.3 48.3 5.0 66.7 23.3

J-140 43.3 36.7 -6.7 65.0 21.7

Umbrella (DP 50-9411) 43.3 28.3 -15.0 60.0 16.7

Shenandoah Elite (RK 6) 41.7 38.3 -3.3 81.7 40.0

Falcon V (ATM) 41.7 45.0 3.3 80.0 38.3

Escalade 41.7 51.7 10.0 75.0 33.3

RK 5 41.7 46.7 5.0 73.3 31.7

BBM 41.7 46.7 5.0 73.3 31.7

JT-41 41.7 45.0 3.3 71.7 30.0

Essential (IS-TF-154) 41.7 41.7 0.0 71.7 30.0

AST1001 (AST-4) 41.7 40.0 -1.7 70.0 28.3

ATE 41.7 38.3 -3.3 68.3 26.7






----------------------------------------- 0-100% -------------------------------------

STR-8BB5 41.7 36.7 -5.0 68.3 26.7

NOTABLES:

Falcon IV 40.0 48.3 8.3 73.3 25.0

Silverado 35.0 46.7 11.7 61.7 15.0

Justice 33.3 40.0 6.7 66.7 26.7

Kentucky 31 21.7 53.3 31.7 48.3 -5.0

LSD0.05 10.0 13.8 13.6 10.0 11.5

FULLNESS OF TURFGRASS COVER (C)CBW CW WEAR TOL.

Entry 21-July-08 23-July-08 CW -CBW 25-July-08

------------------- 0-100% --------------- 1-9 scale

Falcon V (ATM) 91.7 80.0 -11.7 8.0

Shenandoah III (SH 3) 85.0 76.7 -8.3 7.0

Shenandoah Elite (RK 6) 88.3 73.3 -15.0 7.3

Catelyst (NA-BT-1) 95.0 73.3 -21.7 7.0

Hemi 90.0 73.3 -16.7 7.0

Talladega (RP 3) 85.0 73.3 -11.7 7.0

SC-1 76.7 71.7 -5.0 7.0

Jamboree (IS-TF-128) 81.7 70.0 -11.7 7.3

Wolfpack II (PST-5WMB) 86.7 70.0 -16.7 7.0

Bullseye 81.7 68.3 -13.3 7.7

RK 5 86.7 68.3 -18.3 7.0

Turbo 80.0 68.3 -11.7 6.7

Speedway (STR-8BPDX) 85.0 68.3 -16.7 6.3

CE-2 81.7 68.3 -13.3 6.3

Aggressor (IS-TF-153) 81.7 68.3 -13.3 6.3

Results: 2006 NTEP Tall Fescue TrialSummer 2008 WEAR TOLERANCE



------------------- 0-100% --------------- 1-9 scale

Finelawn Xpress (RP 2) 83.3 68.3 -15.0 6.0

Faith (K06-WA) 80.0 68.3 -11.7 6.0

Falcon NG (CE 1) 81.7 66.7 -15.0 7.3

Sidewinder (IS-TF-138) 80.0 66.7 -13.3 6.7

Raptor II (MVS-TF-158) 85.0 66.7 -18.3 6.7

Greenbrooks (TG 50-9460) 86.7 65.0 -21.7 7.0

PSG-85QR 80.0 65.0 -15.0 6.3

SR 8650 (STR-8LMM) 80.0 65.0 -15.0 6.3

Traverse SPR (RK-1) 80.0 65.0 -15.0 6.3

Cannavaro (DP 50-9440) 85.0 65.0 -20.0 5.7

RK 4 85.0 65.0 -20.0 5.7

Essential (IS-TF-154) 78.3 65.0 -13.3 5.0

BGR-TF1 76.7 63.3 -13.3 6.7

Mustang 4 (M4) 75.0 63.3 -11.7 6.0

Van Gogh (LTP-RK2) 81.7 63.3 -18.3 5.7




------------------- 0-100% --------------- 1-9 scale

ATE 81.7 61.7 -20.0 6.3

JT-42 71.7 61.7 -10.0 6.0

Firenza 80.0 61.7 -18.3 5.7

Braveheart (DP 50-9407) 81.7 61.7 -20.0 5.7

Monet (LTP-610 CL) 81.7 61.7 -20.0 5.7

Rebel IV 83.3 61.7 -21.7 5.7

Cochise IV (RKCL) 80.0 61.7 -18.3 5.3

Toccoa (IS-TF-151) 70.0 60.0 -10.0 6.3

Skyline 78.3 60.0 -18.3 6.0

Rhambler SRP (Rhambler) 81.7 60.0 -21.7 5.7

IS-TF-159 76.7 60.0 -16.7 5.3

Firecracker LS (MVS-MST) 78.3 60.0 -18.3 5.3

Spyder LS (Z-2000) 83.3 58.3 -25.0 6.3

J-140 78.3 58.3 -20.0 5.7

RAD-TF17 78.3 58.3 -20.0 5.3




------------------- 0-100% --------------- 1-9 scale

Titanium 78.3 58.3 -20.0 5.3

Trio (IS-TF-152) 71.7 56.7 -15.0 5.3

Rocket (IS-TF-147) 76.7 55.0 -21.7 6.7

3rd Millennium SRP 81.7 55.0 -26.7 5.3

PSG-82BR 76.7 55.0 -21.7 5.3

Titanium LS (MVS-BB-1) 76.7 53.3 -23.3 5.3

NOTABLES

Biltmore 71.7 55.0 -16.7 4.7

Justice 76.7 53.3 -23.3 5.0

Falcon IV 70.0 43.3 -26.7 4.0

Silverado 60.0 40.0 -20.0 3.0

Rembrandt 71.7 38.3 -33.3 3.3

Kentucky 31 53.3 16.7 -36.7 1.0

LSD0.05 12.5 19.7 13.2 2.7


FULLNESS OF TURFGRASS

COVER (C)C9DAC TRAFFIC TOL.

Entry 15-May-09 15-May-09-- 0-100% -- 1-9 scale

Falcon V 70.0 8.3

SC-1 68.3 8.0

Essential 66.7 8.0

Shenandoah III 66.7 7.7

Falcon NG 65.0 8.7

Traverse SPR 65.0 8.0

Greenbrooks 63.3 8.0

Cochise IV 61.7 8.0

Bullseye 61.7 8.0

Hemi 60.0 7.7

Firecracker LS 60.0 7.0

RK 4 60.0 6.7

Cannavaro 58.3 7.3

Catelyst 58.3 6.7

Results: 2006 NTEP Tall Fescue TrialSpring 2009 TRAFFIC TOLERANCE

FULLNESS OF TURFGRASS

COVER (C)C9DAC TRAFFIC TOL.

Entry 15-May-09 15-May-09

-- 0-100% -- 1-9 scale

RK 5 56.7 7.0

Pedigree 56.7 6.7

PSG-85QR 55.0 7.0

Faith 55.0 7.0

Turbo 53.3 7.0

Mustang 4 53.3 7.0

NOTABLES

Biltmore 45.0 5.0

Justice 45.0 5.0

Falcon IV 43.3 5.3

Rembrandt 40.0 4.7

Silverado 35.0 3.7

Kentucky 31 20.0 1.3

LSD0.05 12.9 2.0

Results: 2006 NTEP Tall Fescue TrialSpring 2009 TRAFFIC TOLERANCE

Tall fescue susceptibility to Brown Patch


‘Aristotle’ Tall fescue


‘Braveheart’ Tall fescue


‘AST 7002’

‘Talladega’

2006 NTEP tall fescue test – North Brunswick, NJBrown Patch (1-9; 9=no disease) – July 8, 2008

Cultivars with least disease (Disease rating > 7.0)

Brown Patch – Cultivars with least disease

Rhambler SRP (Rhambler)FirenzaCochise IV (RKCL)Turbo Rz (Burl-TF8)BullseyeAggressor (IS-TF-153)Tahoe II3rd Millennium SRPWater SaverBraveheart (DP 50-9407)Monet (LTP-610 CL)Jamboree (IS-TF-128)Firecracker LS (MVS-MST)

Mustang 4 (M4)Wolfpack II (PST-5WMB)RK 5Falcon V (ATM)SR 8650 (STR-8LMM)Speedway (STR-8BPDX)Greenbrooks (TG 50-9460)TurboIS-TF-159Catelyst (NA-BT-1)Falcon NG (CE 1)Talladega (RP 3)BGR-TF1

Shenandoah Elite (RK 6)BAR Fa 6253PSG-85QRJT-42HemiRaptor II (MVS-TF-158)PSG-TTRHGazelle II (PST-5HP)Pedigree (ATF-1199)TitaniumATE

2006 NTEP tall fescue test - Brown Patch (1-9; 9=no disease); Mean Brown Patch across four locations > 7.0 (2008 NTEP data)

Brown Patch – Cultivars with least disease

NAME AR1 IN1 NC1 NJ2 MEAN

RHAMBLER SRP (RHAMBLER) 8.7 8.0 6.3 7.3 7.6TALLADEGA (RP 3) 8.3 8.0 6.7 6.7 7.4GE-1 8.3 9.0 6.3 6.0 7.4PSG-RNDR 9.0 7.7 7.0 6.0 7.4SHENANDOAH III (SH 3) 8.3 7.7 7.0 6.3 7.3SPEEDWAY (STR-8BPDX) 8.7 7.7 6.7 6.3 7.3RK 5 8.0 8.3 6.7 6.0 7.3SC-1 8.3 8.0 7.0 5.7 7.3IS-TF-159 7.3 7.7 7.0 7.0 7.3JUSTICE 7.7 8.0 7.0 6.3 7.3PEDIGREE (ATF-1199) 7.7 7.3 7.7 6.3 7.3BRAVEHEART (DP 50-9407) 7.7 8.0 7.0 6.0 7.2JAMBOREE (IS-TF-128) 8.3 7.7 6.7 6.0 7.2WOLFPACK II (PST-5WMB) 7.7 8.3 6.3 6.3 7.2J-140 8.0 7.7 6.7 6.0 7.1MUSTANG 4 (M4) 8.7 7.3 6.3 6.0 7.1TRAVERSE SRP (RK-1) 7.3 7.7 6.3 7.0 7.1FAITH (K06-WA) 8.3 8.0 5.7 6.0 7.0BGR-TF2 7.7 7.3 6.7 6.3 7.0GWTF 8.3 8.0 6.3 5.3 7.0RAPTOR II (MVS-TF-158) 7.7 7.0 7.3 6.0 7.0SHENANDOAH ELITE (RK 6) 7.3 8.3 6.0 6.3 7.0

AR1=Fayetteville, AR; IN1=West Lafayette, IN; NC1=Raleigh, NC; NJ2=Adelphia, NJ

Tall fescue traffic stress research

CONCLUSIONS• Variety selection should be based on:

• Wear and Traffic (wear + compaction) tolerance• Turf Density• Turf Quality• Brown patch susceptibility

• The following had the best C22DAC (Fall 2007 traffic); wear tolerance (summer 2008); and traffic tolerance (Spring 2009): Falcon V, SC-1, Essential, Shenandoah III, Falcon NG, Traverse SPR, Greenbrooks, Cochise IV, Bullseye, Hemi, Cannavaro, Catelyst, RK 5, Turbo, and Mustang 4

• The following had the least brown patch (>7.0) on 8 July 2008 (Hort Farm II, North Brunswick, NJ and averaged across three NTEP locations in 2008): Rhambler SRP, Talladega, Speedway, RK 5, IS-TF- 159, Pedigree, Braveheart, Jamboree, Wolfpack II, Mustang 4, Raptor II, Shenandoah Elite.

Perennial ryegrass research

Perennial ryegrass

• Germination will occur in 3-5 days after seeding (warm moist soil)

• Most traffic tolerant seedling grass is perennial ryegrass • Overseeding tool for heavily trafficked fields• Can be highly competitive – Don’t include more than 20% if

mixed with KY bluegrass• Some varieties contain endophytes - fungi which complete their

entire life cycle within a plant• Endophytes are toxic to insects including: Sod webmorm, billbugs,

and chinch bugs


2004 NTEP perennial ryegrass test• One hundred twenty (120) perennial ryegrass cultivars and


• Cultural practices• Mowing ~ 3x/week at 1.5-inch • 3.0 lbs N per 1000 sq ft applied annually (2005-08)• 1.0 lbs N per 1000 sq ft applied in 2009• Irrigation to prevent drought stress

• Wear treatments initiated in Fall 2009


2004 NTEP Perennial Ryegrass Test

Wear Period Wear passes†

Fall 200915 September – 17 September: 24


‘Linn’ perennial ryegrass

2003 Rutgers wear + compaction research

‘Linn’ perennial ryegrass

2009 Rutgers wear research

Gray leaf spot susceptibility - 2004

Results: 2004 NTEP Perennial Ryegrass Trial (2009 Wear )

Perennial ryegrass entries in top statistical ranking for fullness of turfgrass canopy after 24 wear passes (CW ) in September 2009

Fullness of Turf Canopy (CW ) Wear Tol. Turf Quality

Entry 18-Sept. 09 18-Sept.-09 Avg. 05-08

-- 0-100% -- ---------------- 1-9 scale ---------------

Mach I 56.7 6.0 4.6

Silver Dollar 50.0 6.0 6.1

Plateau 50.0 6.0 5.2

Charismatic II GLSR 50.0 5.7 6.0

Wind Dance 2 48.3 6.0 5.1

Panther GLS 48.3 5.7 6.2

Fiji 48.3 5.3 5.1

Pacesetter II 46.7 6.3 4.3

Brightstar SLT 46.7 5.7 4.3

Citation Fore 46.7 5.3 5.0

Pick 02-R 45.0 5.7 3.9

Soprano 45.0 5.5 6.0

ASP 6005 45.0 5.5 5.2

Results: 2004 NTEP Perennial Ryegrass Trial (2009 Wear )

Perennial ryegrass entries in top statistical ranking for fullness of turfgrass canopy after 24 wear passes (CW ) in September 2009

Fullness of Turf Canopy (CW ) Wear Tol. Turf Quality

Entry 18-Sept. 09 18-Sept.-09 Avg. 05-08

-- 0-100% -- ---------------- 1-9 scale ---------------

Palmer III 45.0 5.0 4.1

Homerun 43.3 5.7 6.6

E-99 43.3 5.0 5.4

Presidio 43.3 5.0 4.8

Grand Slam 2 43.3 4.7 6.3

Hawkeye 2 41.7 5.3 6.0

Headstart 2 41.7 5.3 4.1

D04-LP05 41.7 4.7 4.4

MMW 41.7 4.3 6.0

Secretariat II GLSR 41.7 4.0 5.9

Halo 41.7 3.7 4.4

LSD0.05 15.3 2.6 0.7

Perennial ryegrass wear research

CONCLUSIONS• Differences were apparent among perennial ryegrass entries

when subjected to wear applied in fall 2009• Variety selection should be based on:

• Wear tolerance• Turf quality• Disease resistance (emphasis on Gray leaf spot resistance)

• Charismatic II GLSR, Panther GLS, and Secretariat II GLSR showed greatest CW , wear tolerance, and had acceptable turf quality in Fall 2009 wear trial

• Avoid ‘Linn’ and perennial ryegrass seed marked as VNS (variety not stated)

• SEED HIGH TRAFFIC LOCATIONS

Rutgers Turfgrass Proceedings & Brad Park’s STMONY2009 presentationswww.turf.rutgers.edu

National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP):www.ntep.org

Sources for information

Questions?

Brad ParkRutgers [email protected] x127

the latest on wear tolerant grass varities for sports fields · the latest on wear tolerant grass...

Documents