the internet writer’s handbook 2/e introduction to world wide web terms writing for the web
TRANSCRIPT
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Introduction to World Wide Introduction to World Wide Web TermsWeb Terms
Writing for the Web
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Contents
Definition of terms related to the Internet and Web pages.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Hypertext
Text that contains links so you can jump from topic to topic
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Hypermedia
Combination of• Graphics
• Sound
• Video
• Text
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
World Wide Web
New system for publishing and distributing information
Collection of resources & services on Internet
Collection of hypertext documents
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
The Internet
World-wide network of computers
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Web Server
Computer with special software to host Web pages and Web applications.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Browser
Software that allows you to view WWW pages.• Internet Explorer
• Netscape
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Browser
Client gets information from a server. When you point your browser at a WWW
document, the browser talks to the server to get the document.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
How a Browser Works
Browser interprets user’s selection and makes request from appropriate server.
Server sends requested files to browser to be interpreted.
Server accepts & processes request from browser.
User sees requested files.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
URL
Uniform Resource Locator Unique address for each file on the Web.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
URL
Displayed in the upper part of the Web browser window.
Displayed in bottom left corner when you place your cursor over a link.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Parts of a URL
Protocol: how document accessed Host name: system on Internet where
information is stored Directory: location of file on host File name: HTML file for Web page
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Protocol
Set of conventions (a computer dialect) that determines how data will be exchanged between programs.
Way in which document is accessed. Type of program browser will use to get
file• Examples: http, ftp, gopher
http://mysystem.com/docs/index.html
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Internet Services
http FTP Gopher Usenet WAIS Telnet e-mail
The service tells the client browser how to contact the server for requested data.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol Protocol that allows hypertext documents
be transferred quickly over the Net between Web browsers and servers.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
FTP
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Archives of files Log into remote computer
• Example: ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Sample FTP Site
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Gopher
Menu driven directories of files and information.
Increasingly uncommon. Developed at U. Minnesota.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Sample Gopher Site
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Telnet
Log on remotely to another computer. When a telnet address is selected, your
Web browser will launch a Telnet external program and connect to the specified site for a Telnet session.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Sample Telnet Session
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
WAIS
Wide Area Indexed Server A site to search a collection of subject
oriented documents by keywords. Examples: Yahoo, Lycos
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Host Name
System on Internet on which information is stored.
May include a port number.
http://mysystem.com/docs/index.html
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Domain Name
A name that identifies one or more IP addresses. • Example: the domain name microsoft.com
represents about a dozen IP addresses. For example, in the URL
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
TLD (Top Level Domain)
Suffix that indicates which top level domain (TLD) domain name belongs to.
http://mysystem.com/docs/index.html
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Examples
.com: commercial .edu: education .org: nonprofit organization .net: network service
provider/administration .mil: military .gov: government
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Sample Country Codes
au: Australia ca: Canada de: Germany jp: Japan se: Sweden uk: United Kingdom
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
New Extensions .biz: small business Web sites. .info: resource site .us: American Web sites .cc: unrestricted; may be registered by anyone
from any country. .bz: unrestricted; may be registered by anyone
from any country. .tv: rich content multimedia Web sites,
commonly used within the entertainment or media industry.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
DNS
Domain Name System Internet is based on IP (Internet
Protocol) addresses, not domain names. Every Web server requires a DNS server
to translate domain names into IP addresses.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Directory
Location of information on host.
http://mysystem.com/docs/index.html
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Filename
A file on your local computer system (hard drive, floppy, local file server).
http://mysystem.com/docs/index.html
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
URL Format
For most Web servers spelling is important.
File names on UNIX computers are case sensitive.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
HTML
HyperText Markup Language Uses markup tags to tell the Web
browser how to display the text.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Web Page
File viewed in a browser. One document with .htm or .html
extension.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Components of a Web Page
Text (ASCII, plain text) Filenames of inline images URLs or filenames for links HTML tags and attributes
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Home Page
“Page” on the Web. The first document people see when
they get to your Web site. Web page that loads when you start your
browser.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e
Web Site
Set of related/linked documents.
The Internet Writer’s Handbook 2/e