The Handbook ofConflict Resolution

Theory and Practice

Second Edition

Morton DeutschPeter T. ColemanEric C. Marcus

Editors

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More Praise for The Handbook of Conflict Resolution,Second Edition

Morton Deutsch, Peter Coleman, and Eric Marcus put together a handbookthat will be helpful to many. I hope the book will reach well beyond NorthAmerica to contribute to the growing worldwide interest in the constructiveresolution of conflict. This book offers instructive ways to make this commit-ment a reality.

George J. Mitchell, former majority leader of the United States Senate; former chairman of the Peace

Negotiations in Northern Ireland and the International Fact-Finding Committee on Violence in the Middle East; chairman

of the board, Walt Disney Company; senior fellow at the School of International and Public Affairs,

Columbia University

This volume is an extraordinary resource, a much-needed comprehensive hand-book on conflict resolution.

Arthur E. Levine, president emeritus, Teachers College,Columbia University; president, Woodrow Wilson

National Fellowship Foundation

This Handbook should be on the reading list of every course in peace and con-flict studies and especially on the lists used in teacher preparation courses inpeace education, a field that seeks to cultivate understanding of constructiveways of confronting violence, alternatives to force and lethal conflict for the pur-suit of social purposes.

Betty Reardon, founding director emeritus, Peace Education Center, Teachers College, Columbia University

In the past, I have been saying to all of my students at Kyushu University andthe participants in my mediation trainings, If you are serious about mediation,read The Handbook of Conflict Resolution. Now seeing the updated andenlarged second edition, I would say, Read it, for it will help you become athoughtful and insightful mediator.

Hisako Kobayashi-Levin, associate professor, Faculty of Law, Kyushu University

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The Handbook of Conflict Resolution

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The Handbook ofConflict Resolution

Theory and Practice

Second Edition

Morton DeutschPeter T. ColemanEric C. Marcus

Editors

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Copyright 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.All rights reserved.

Published by Jossey-BassA Wiley Imprint

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Credits are on page 941.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

The handbook of conflict resolution : theory and practice / Morton Deutsch, PeterT. Coleman, Eric C. Marcus, editors.2nd ed.

p. cm.Includes index.ISBN-13: 978-0-7879-8058-0 (alk. paper)ISBN-10: 0-7879-8058-7 (alk. paper)1. Conflict management. I. Deutsch, Morton, date. II. Coleman, Peter T., date.

III. Marcus, Eric Colton.HM1126.H35 2006303.6'9dc22

2006022684

Printed in the United States of AmericaSECOND EDITION

HB Printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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CONTENTS

Preface xi

Introduction 1Morton Deutsch

PART ONE: INTERPERSONAL AND INTERGROUP PROCESSES 21

1 Cooperation and Competition 23Morton Deutsch

2 Justice and Conflict 43Morton Deutsch

3 Constructive Controversy: The Value of Intellectual Opposition 69David W. Johnson, Roger T. Johnson, Dean Tjosvold

4 Trust, Trust Development, and Trust Repair 92Roy J. Lewicki

5 Power and Conflict 120Peter T. Coleman

6 Communication and Conflict 144Robert M. Krauss, Ezequiel Morsella

*7 Language, Peace, and Conflict Resolution 158Francisco Gomes de Matos vii

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viii CONTENTS

8 Intergroup Conflict 176Ronald J. Fisher

9 The PSDM Model: Integrating Problem Solving and Decision Makingin Conflict Resolution 197Eben A. Weitzman, Patricia Flynn Weitzman

*10 Gender Conflict and the Family 223Janice M. Steil, Liora Hoffman

PART TWO: INTRAPSYCHIC PROCESSES 241

11 Judgmental Biases in Conflict Resolution and How toOvercome Them 243Leigh Thompson, Janice Nadler, Robert B. Lount, Jr.

*12 Emotion and Conflict: Why It Is Important to Understand HowEmotions Affect Conflict and How Conflict Affects Emotions 268Evelin G. Lindner

13 Self-Regulation in the Service of Conflict Resolution 294Walter Mischel, Aaron L. DeSmet, Ethan Kross

PART THREE: PERSONAL DIFFERENCES 315

*14 Implicit Theories and Conflict Resolution 317Carol S. Dweck, Joyce Ehrlinger

15 Personality and Conflict 331Sandra V. Sandy, Susan K. Boardman, Morton Deutsch

16 The Development of Conflict Resolution Skills: Preschoolto Adulthood 356Sandra V. Sandy

PART FOUR: CREATIVITY AND CHANGE 389

17 Creativity and Conflict Resolution: The Role of Point of View 391Howard E. Gruber

18 Some Guidelines for Developing a Creative Approach to Conflict 402Peter T. Coleman, Morton Deutsch

*19 Creativity in the Outcomes of Conflict 414Peter J. Carnevale

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CONTENTS ix

20 Change and Conflict: Motivation, Resistance and Commitment 436Eric C. Marcus

21 Changing Minds: Persuasion in Negotiation and Conflict Resolution 455Alison Ledgerwood, Shelly Chaiken, Deborah H. Gruenfeld, Charles M. Judd

22 Learning Through Reflection 486Victoria J. Marsick, Alfonso Sauquet, Lyle Yorks

PART FIVE: DIFFICULT CONFLICTS 507

23 Aggression and Violence 509Susan Opotow

24 Intractable Conflict 533Peter T. Coleman

*25 Moral Conflict and Engaging Alternative Perspectives 560Beth Fisher-Yoshida, Ilene Wasserman

*26 Matters of Faith: Religion, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution 582Bridget Moix

*27 Conflict Resolution and Human Rights 602Andrea Bartoli, Yannis Psimopoulos

PART SIX: CULTURE AND CONFLICT 623

28 Culture and Conflict 625Paul R. Kimmel

*29 Multicultural Conflict Resolution 649Paul Pederson

30 Cooperative and Competitive Conflict in China 671Dean Tjosvold, Kwok Leung, David W. Johnson

PART SEVEN: MODELS OF PRACTICE 693

31 Teaching Conflict Resolution Skills in a Workshop 695Ellen Raider, Susan Coleman, Janet Gerson

32 Mediation Revisited 726Kenneth Kressel

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33 Managing Conflict Through Large-Group Methods 757Barbara Benedict Bunker

*34 Conflict in Organizations 781W. Warner Burke

*35 Eight Suggestions from the Small-Group Conflict Trenches 805Kenneth Sole

PART EIGHT: LOOKING TO THE FUTURE 823

36 A Framework for Thinking About Research on ConflictResolution Initiatives 825Morton Deutsch, Jennifer S. Goldman

*37 Some Research Frontiers in the Study of Conflict and Its Resolution 849Dean G. Pruitt

Concluding Overview 869Peter T. Coleman, Eric C. Marcus

Recommended Reading 881

About the Editors 895

About the Contributors 897

Name Index 913

Subject Index 929

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xi

PREFACE

The field of conflict resolution has been developing rapidly. As a conse-quence, we decided to update and revise the first edition of this handbook.Almost all of the chapters in the first edition have