the green economy initiative - esdn · green economy report teeb green jobs the green economy : a...
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The Green Economy
Initiative
ESDN Conference
Prague
18 June 2009
Christophe Bouvier
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Multiple crises
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- Food price crisis -1 billion people worldwide
at risk of hunger and malnutrition -and
growing
- Energy/fuel crisis - price/ security issues
- Financial crisis - threatening jobs worldwide
& poverty reduction gains
- Climate crisis – exacerbating the others
Multiple Crises
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The Crisis and Employment
200 million jobs lost between 2007 and 2009
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The Crisis and Development
Decrease of trade and investment –
exports are shrinking.
ODA contraction:
Slow growth: Every 1 per cent fall in
growth in developing countries will
translate into an additional 20
million people consigned to poverty
(WB).
Reduced provision of basic needs, health care and education
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Continued Environmental Neglect
• 1981 – 2005: global GDP more than doubled, but 60% of world‟s ecosystems degraded/exploited unsustainably
• Global economic growth in past 50 years accompanied by decline of natural capital and of ecosystems‟ ability to sustain services
• Huge regional imbalances
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UNEP ETB
Status Quo undermines natural
capital - risks human survival
„
GHG Emissions at 42 GtCO2e per annum are 5 times
what Earth can absorb
…....
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Making the Economic Case:
The Green Economy Report
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The Green Economy Report
The objective of the Green Economy
Report is to make and communicate a
strong and convincing economic case for
greening economies and creating decent
green jobs by investing in a new
generation of assets (social, natural,
human, and financial).
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The Green Economy Report, Overview
• The GER is an in-depth macroeconomic analysis
of the economic, social, employment and
environmental gains that could result from
increased investment in green sectors.
• Target: Decision makers, government officials,
business executives, employers, workers,
consumers, researchers and the public in general.
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01.07.2009
UNEP ETB
Enabling
Conditions- Finance
- Subsidies
- Markets
-
Green Economy Report
…. and its offshoots
GGND :
A Policy
Brief
Regional /
Country
Reports
Regional /
Country
Reports
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Role of regions and local authorities:
Sustainable Cities
• Cities are polluted,
crowded and
complex to manage.
• Delivering the smart
city: The GER will a
guidance plan for
mayors to improve
sustainability and
growth in cities.
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Forests
• Sustainable forest
management can:
– create massive
employment, provide for
livelihoods, maintain land
and services
– make a significant
contribution to the fight
against climate change,
highly efficient/cost
effective carbon capture
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The Green Economy Initiative:
A Family of Initiatives
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To achieve significant progress in addressing global
environmental priorities by:
• massive green investments worldwide
• workable solutions to remove financial, policy,
institutional, market and other constraints on making
such investments
Objectives
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Demonstrating that Greening is a new engine for growth,
sizing sectoral opportunities, addressing hurdles & enabling conditions
Demonstrating the value of ecosystems & biodiversity,
capturing these values, and reversing the vicious cycle
of environmental losses and persistent poverty
Sizing and incentivizing growth in
green & decent jobs
Green Economy Report
TEEB Green Jobs
The Green Economy :
A Family of Initiatives…
metricsgrowth
Decent jobs from Community-based Conservation, PES/ IPES
implementation,
reversing the Vicious Cycle of environmental
losses and persistent poverty
Poverty and Environment
Incentives to educate & train the poor to benefit from
tomorrow’s Green Economy
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01.07.2009 UNEP ETB17
UNDP UNEP
ILODemonstrating that Greening
is a new engine for growth,
sizing sectoral opportunities,
addressing hurdles &
enabling conditions
Demonstrating the value of
ecosystems & biodiversity,
capturing these values, and
reversing the vicious cycle
of environmental losses and
persistent poverty
Sizing and
incentivizing growth in
green & decent jobs
Green Economy
Report
TEEB Green Jobs ITC
Other Multilateral
InstitutionsCountriesRegional
Forums
Business
& Civil Society
GroupsUniversities
… under a Wide Global Network
CBD
UNIDO
Regional
Commissions
Poverty and
Environment
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Green Jobs
• “Where capital flows today,
jobs follow tomorrow”
• What are the key sectors at
risk ? What are the key
sectors of opportunity ?
• How does „greening‟ impact
employment ?
• “Green Jobs Report”,
September 2008
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Green Jobs
In September 2008, UNEP-ILO launched a report showing:
Investments to reduce climate change and its effects are generating new jobs
Next phase: country studies
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Green Jobs
The Report found that:
• Globally, > 2.3 million workers employed in renewables; by 2030, could be 20 million jobs
• Greening buildings in EU & US would create 2 million jobs
• In China, 10 million jobs in the recycling sector (out of 12…)
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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)
• To motivate actions to significantly reduce biodiversity loss
• Results to feed into Green Economy Reports
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TEEB – Interim Report
Key Messages
Economic Size & Welfare Impact of Losses
is huge
Strong link with Poverty & risk of MDG‟s
failure
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Rethink today‟s subsidies to meet tomorrow‟s
priorities
Reward unrecognized benefits, penalize uncaptured
costs
Share the benefits of conservation
TEEB – Interim Report
“From Economics to Policies”
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TEEB II Deliverables
1. A global valuation study providing conceptual background for guidance documents;
2. A guidance report for international and national policymakers;
3. A guidance report for regional and local administrators;
4. A guidance report for business and industry;
5. A guidance report for consumers.
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Opportunity amid crisis
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Rethinking the Economic Recovery:
A Global Green New Deal
• Can more liquidity and even more credit solve a credit crisis ?
• Can more production solve an energy and resources crisis ?
• Can the global economic system manage to recover with just a “re-boot” ?
• Can Capitalism survive the next 200 years without a sharp focus on Natural Capital ?
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Global Green New Deal Rationale
• Fiscal stimulus agreed as the way forward, but the recovery needs to/can be sustainable
• The thinking that created the problem cannot actually solvethe problem: “Green Investment” beats a “Shopping Spree”
• “Win-Win-Win” solutions exist : Decent Jobs, Lower Risks, Higher Returns
• “A crisis is a terrible thing to waste” : Seeding the “Green Economy”
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The UNEP Global Green New Deal
Launched in 2008 by the UNEP, the GGND was a
key document of the 2009 G20 meeting in
London.
• « Jump-starting the transition to a green economy”
• International components : Urgent reforms to
international architecture.
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Opportunity as Governments Jump Start
Economies: Green stimulus packagesCountry Stimulus
USbn
Stimulus as
% of DP/GNI
Green
fund bn
% of
green
stimulus
Green
Stimulus as
% of GDP
Australia 26.7 2.49 2.5 9% 0.2
China 586.1 13.88 221.3 38% 5.2
Japan 485.9 10.03 12.4 3% 0.3
Korea, Rep 38.1 4.44 30.7 81% 3.6
France 33.7 1.12 7.1 21% 0.2
Germany 104.8 2.74 13.8 13% 0.4
UK 30.4 1.09 2.1 7% 0.1
US ARRA 787 5.27 94.1 12% 0.6
US EESA 185 1.29 18.2 10% 0.1
Canada 31.8 2.03 2.6 8% 0.2source: HSCB 2009, CIA factbook
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Investing in Green Sectors
• Renewable energy
• Industry: material & energy efficiency
• Low carbon cities
• Green buildings
• Transport
• Agriculture
• Waste management
• Forests
• Water
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Engaging Global Policy
Processes - Fostering Global
Consensus
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Engaging Global Policy Processes
Green economy contribution at strategic policy junctures:
• G 20 meetings
• Sessions of the Commission on Sustainable Development
• G8 Summits
• World Climate Conference 3 in Geneva (August-September 2009)
• Global Renewable Energy Forum in Mexico (October 2009)
• UNEP Finance Initiative 2009 Global Roundtable in Cape Town (October 2009)
• UNFCCC COP 15 and Kyoto Protocol MOP 5 in Copenhagen (December 2009)
• International Association for Impact Assessment 2010 meeting in Geneva (April 2010) among other targeted events. Etc…
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Fostering a Global Consensus on
Green Economy
• Engaging governments on a global policy
report on Green Economy, modelled on the
“IPCC Synthesis Report”
• Objective of adoption of the policy document
at the UNEP Governing Council/Global
Ministerial Environment Forum in 2011
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Supporting regional initiatives
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Regional Initiatives on Green Economy
• Regional initiative for “East Asia Low Carbon Green Growth”
• Regional initiative on Green Economy in West Asia, in collaboration with UNEP ROWA
• Regional Imitative on Green Economy in Africa, in collaboration with UNEP ROWA
• Regional Initiative on Green Economy/Green Job in Europe?
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Country Initiatives on Green Economy
• Korea: UNEP is organizing an independent review of “Korea Green Growth National Vision” initiated in 2008.
• China: UNEP has received a proposal from the Government to support policy research that would feed into China‟s national five-year plan.
• Uruguay: The Government has requested UNEP support in undertaking a green economy initiative.
• Initiatives in the pan-European region?
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UNEP Green Economy Website
http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/
More Information