the french revolution
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The French Revolution. 1789-1799. Ancien Regime. King Louis XVI was leader of France Ancien regime was the old order in France Three different estates Social classes. Ancien Regime (cont.). First Estate made of church and clergy Second Estate made up of nobility - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
1789-1799
The French Revolution
Ancien Regime
King Louis XVI was leader of France
Ancien regime was the old order in France
Three different estates Social classes
Ancien Regime (cont.)
First Estate made of church and clergy
Second Estate made up of nobility
Third Estate everyone else
Ancien Regime (cont.)
France heavily in debt during this time
Tennis Court Oath
Estates General was French “Congress”
Reps from each estate meet to vote separately
First and Second Estate always outvote Third
Tennis Court Oath
Third Estate fed up with being outvoted despite making up most of France
Called for all Estates to meet and vote “by head”
Tennis Court Oath
Third Estate reps finally had enough; called themselves National Assembly
Met at an indoor tennis court
Took Tennis Court Oath Oath stated they’d never separateand meet when the circumstancesrequire until they make a Constitution
Tennis Court Oath
Reform-minded clergy and noblemen join National Assembly
Louis XVI accepts it, though plans to dissolve it
Bastille
Rumors that royal troops were going to occupy Paris
Peasants stormed prison called the Bastille looking for weapons
Gain Bastille, but no weapons. Still symbol of revolution
The “Great Fear”
Rumors that peasants and villages being attacked
Peasants start attacking noblemen
People look up to Marquis de Lafayette Leader that fought alongside George
Washington
National Assembly Acts
National Assembly issues “Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen”
Insisted that governments must acknowledge the natural rights of men
National Assembly Acts (cont.) Declaration did not mention women
Olympe de Gouges, female journalist, speaks out against this
Many women imprisoned during revolution for speaking out
Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette was the Austrian-born queen
Lived very lavish life; caused unrest among citizens
Never actually said “Let them eat cake”
Louis in Paris
Louis XVI lived in Versailles
6,000 women marched miles from Paris to Versailles, demanding to see the king Wanted him to return to Paris
Louis in Paris (cont.)
Royal family agrees to move to Paris
Louis XVI is now virtual “prisoner”
National Assembly Presses Onward National Assembly starts writing
Constitution
Put controls on Catholic Church Caused great divide
National Assembly Presses Onward (cont.) Constitution finished in 1791
Established limited monarchy
New legislative branch created
Louis’ Escape
Louis XVI attempts to escape Paris
Disguises himself as servant
Gets caught because someone recognizes his face from a coin
Internationally
Other rulers fear the “spread” of the revolution
Joseph II, Marie Antoinette’s brother, tells revolutionaries that Austria and Prussia will intervene to save French monarchy Most likely bluff, but revolutionaries took
it seriously and prepared for war
Radicals Fight for Power
New Legislative Assembly takes over
Economy too bad for L.A. to act
Sans-culottes, working-class men and women, push for more radical means
Radicals Fight for Power
Many sans-coulottes wanted a republic Government ruled by elected
representatives
Several factions within National Assembly start fighting for power
Sans-culottes find allies in the radical Jacobins
War on Tyranny
French revolutionaries declare war on European monarchs
Declare war on Austria, Prussia, Britain, and others