The Founding of America

700-1690

Europe Encounters America

• I. Vikings Arrive in America• 1. Vikings originate from Scandinavia• 2. 1000 AD Leif Erikson Arrives to America

Spain Sends Columbus West

A New Geography for the 1400s• 1. Explorers knew the world was round • 2. Muslim Geography

B) Columbus’s Plan

• According to Columbus Spain and India are close

• Columbus gets Ferdinand and Isabella to pay for trip to Asia

The First Voyage

• Columbus found the Bahamas Hispanola and Cuba

• Columbus thought the Indians had gold

Columbus’s Later Voyages

• 17 Ships send 1,200 colonists to the new world

• Colonists wants to get rich, nobody wants to do work

Spain Claims America

• The Treaty of Tordesillas • Spain Gets half of the new world• Portugal gets half of the new world

Naming America

• 1) Columbus still thought he got to India• 2) Amerigo Vespucci thought otherwise

Continuing Spanish Expeditions

• Ponce De Leon “finds” Florida• Balboa “finds” Panama• Magellan “finds” the pacific

IV) The Columbian Exchange

• A) From America to Europe• 1) Corn Tobacco and Gum• 2) Potato and chocolate• V) From Europe to America• 1) Coffee and Oranges• 2) Horses and Guns

The Spanish and French Build Empires

• I) The conquest of Mexico • A) The Spanish encounter the Aztec• 1) Hernan Cortes 11 Ships 550 men and 16

horses take Mexico• 2) Smallpox takes the rest• B) The Invasion Begins• 1) Guns Germs and Steel• 2) Montezuma bows down

• C) Cortez Defeats the Aztec• 1) Tenochtitlan the island in the lake• 2) 4,000 slain by cannon and smallpox• II. New Spain Expands• A) Pizzaro Conquers the Incas• 1) Peru conquered• 2) Held the kings hostage

• B) Searching for cities of Gold• 1) constantly searching for gold• 2) Native Americans slayed for gold• C) The Spanish Settle the Southwest• 1) New Spain and New Mexico• 2) Missionary work

III. Spanish American Society

• A) The Encomienda System• 1) Commissioners as awards• 2) To convert and protect• B) A society based on class• 1) Spanish and Church• 2) Criollos- Spanish born in colonies• 3) Mestizos- mixed Spanish Native Americans

• C) Mining and Ranching• 1) No Gold but silver• 2) Cattle and sheep• IV) The French Empire in America• A) France Explores America• 1) 1600’s exploration starts• 2) New land/new resources

• B) New France is founded• 1) Fur Trade is huge• 2) From Nova Scotia to New Orleans• C) Life in New France• 1) Fur Traders and Black robes• 2) Good relationships with Indians

V. New France Expands

• A) Exploring the Mississippi• 1) Jesuits• 2) Up and down the river• B) Settling Louisiana • 1) Mobile and New Orleans• 2) Too hot to work…..

• C) Rivalry with Spain• 1) Too close together• 2) Constantly fighting

Homework

• How was America Settled?• One paragraph• T.A.G. the assignment