THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU)THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU)

Aurélien Mazuy, Pascaline WinandAurélien Mazuy, Pascaline Winandand Caitlin Gheller and Caitlin Gheller

Who I amWho I am Pascaline WinandPascaline Winand My identities:My identities:

• BelgianBelgian• European:European:

Father from Walloon and Flemish parts of BelgiumFather from Walloon and Flemish parts of Belgium Mother from France and AustriaMother from France and Austria

• International:International: Studied and taught in Belgium, France, the United Studied and taught in Belgium, France, the United

States, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Peru, Italy and now States, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Peru, Italy and now in Australiain Australia

Cześć !

Hey !

Hola !

Salut !

BrusselsBrusselshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/smfrick/381844064/http://www.flickr.com/photos/smfrick/381844064/

Languages and provinces of Belgium (yellow: Dutch language, red: French language, orange: bilingual French - Dutch, blue: German language) Source: wikipedia

Europe & Australia:Europe & Australia:

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/World-map-2004-cia-factbook-large-1.7m-whitespace-removed.jpg/800px-World-map-2004-cia-factbook-large-1.7m-whitespace-removed.jpg

A long relationship:A long relationship:- Portuguese : Beginning of the 16th Century?Portuguese : Beginning of the 16th Century?- Dutch : 17th CenturyDutch : 17th Century- French : 17th CenturyFrench : 17th Century- English: English: 1717thth Century Century

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Captainjamescookportrait.jpg/220px-Captainjamescookportrait.jpg

European immigration : 18th to 21st CenturyEuropean immigration : 18th to 21st Century

-- 18th-19th Century : UK (Gold Rush)18th-19th Century : UK (Gold Rush)- WWII : Jewish, Dutch, Italian, Greek, WWII : Jewish, Dutch, Italian, Greek,

German, Yugoslavian…German, Yugoslavian…- White Australia Policy until the 1970sWhite Australia Policy until the 1970s

Australian-EU immigration and Australian-EU immigration and traveltravel

- Nearly 70% of Australians can claim Nearly 70% of Australians can claim European Ancestry !European Ancestry !

- About 30 000 new European migrants to About 30 000 new European migrants to Australia every yearAustralia every year

- 1.3 million Europeans visit Australia every 1.3 million Europeans visit Australia every yearyear

- About 1 million Australians travel to Europe About 1 million Australians travel to Europe ((Source:Source:http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/european_union/eu_briefhttp://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/european_union/eu_brief.html).html)

A snapshot of what is the A snapshot of what is the “European Union” (EU)“European Union” (EU)

Not a State: in-between a state and Not a State: in-between a state and an international organisation an international organisation

Not Europe: Norway, Switzerland etc. Not Europe: Norway, Switzerland etc. are not members of the EUare not members of the EU

Represents Represents 503.8 503.8 million peoplemillion people Has 27 member states, 28 with the Has 27 member states, 28 with the

accession of Croatia in 2013accession of Croatia in 2013

EU Member States by PopulationEU Member States by Population

1 1 GermanyGermany 81,305,856 2 2 FranceFrance 65,630,692 3 3 United KingdomUnited Kingdom 63,047,162

4 4 ItalyItaly 61,261,254 5 5 SpainSpain 47,042,984 6 6 PolandPoland 38,415,284 7 7 RomaniaRomania 21,848,504 8 8 Netherlands Netherlands 16,730,632 9 9 GreeceGreece 10,767,827 10 10 PortugalPortugal 10,781,459 11 11 BelgiumBelgium 10,438,353 12 12 Czech RepublicCzech Republic 10,177,300 13 13 HungaryHungary 9,958,453 14 14 SwedenSweden 9,103,788

15 15 AustriaAustria 8,219,743 16 16 BulgariaBulgaria 7,037,935 17 17 DenmarkDenmark 5,543,453 18 18 SlovakiaSlovakia 5,483,088 19 19 FinlandFinland 5,262,930 20 20 IrelandIreland 4,722,028 21 21 LithuaniaLithuania 3,525,761 22 22 LatviaLatvia 2,191,580 23 23 SloveniaSlovenia 1,996,617 24 24 EstoniaEstonia 1,274,709 25 25 CyprusCyprus 1,138,071 26 26 LuxembourgLuxembourg 509,074 27 27 MaltaMalta 409,836

adapted from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2119.html#eeadapted from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2119.html#ee

Many member states and…Many member states and… EU EU institutionsinstitutions (Commission, Council, (Commission, Council,

Court of Justice…)Court of Justice…) Many Many policiespolicies: agriculture, : agriculture,

environment, competition, environment, competition, immigration…immigration…

Many Many playersplayers: private interest : private interest groups, citizen groups, non EU groups, citizen groups, non EU governmental actors, journalists…governmental actors, journalists…

The European Union ‘Symbols’:The European Union ‘Symbols’: European Anthem: European Anthem: ““Ode to Joy” by BeethovenOde to Joy” by Beethoven

Musical arrangement: Herbert von KarajanRecorded at: Teatro da Trindade - Lisboa - 1994Orchestra: Orchestre d'Harmonie des Jeunes de l'Union Européenne, conducted by André ReichlingProducer: European Commission in collaboration with the Council of EuropeALL RIGHTS OF THE PRODUCER AND THE OWNER OF THE WORK REPRODUCED RESERVED

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Beethoven.jpg/300px-Beethoven.jpg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wod-MudLNPA

Europa Myth:Europa Myth:Where does the name Where does the name

‘Europe’ come from?‘Europe’ come from?

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Moreau,_Europa_and_the_Bull.jpg/180px-Moreau,_Europa_and_the_Bull.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Abduction_of_Europe,_European_Parliament,_Strasbourg.jpg/800px-Abduction_of_Europe,_European_Parliament,_Strasbourg.jpg

The Flag:The Flag:12 stars12 stars

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6d/European_flag.svg/800px-European_flag.svg.png

Europe Day Europe Day 9 May9 May

The motto:The motto:““UNITED IN DIVERSITY”UNITED IN DIVERSITY”

http://europa.eu/abc/symbols/9-may/gallery/2005/index_en.htm

http://europa.eu/abc/symbols/9-may/gallery/1997/index_en.htm

Why the European Union?:Why the European Union?: The Peace :The Peace :- WWI (1914-1918) & WWII (1939-1945)WWI (1914-1918) & WWII (1939-1945)

- Millions of dead Millions of dead Time to stop !Time to stop !News LTD

A United Europe: a long traditionA United Europe: a long tradition

- Roman Empire : 27 B.C to 476 A.CRoman Empire : 27 B.C to 476 A.C- Napoleon Empire : 19th CenturyNapoleon Empire : 19th Century- 1989 : The Fall of the Berlin Wall … towards the 1989 : The Fall of the Berlin Wall … towards the

reunification of Eastern and Western Europe reunification of Eastern and Western Europe

http://www.dodmedia.osd.mil/DVIC_View/Still_Details.cfm?SDAN=DFST9103520&JPGPath=/Assets/Still/1991/Air_Force/DF-ST-91-03520.JPG

A strong Europe in a globalised world:A strong Europe in a globalised world:- Possible to compete with other economic giants (USA / Possible to compete with other economic giants (USA /

Japan / China…)Japan / China…)- More coherent to tackle terrorism and organized crimeMore coherent to tackle terrorism and organized crime- Coordinating foreign policiesCoordinating foreign policies- Defend certain values: rule of law, human rights, peaceDefend certain values: rule of law, human rights, peace

Historic Steps:Historic Steps: 1951: 1951: The European Coal and Steel The European Coal and Steel

Community (ECSC) is established by Community (ECSC) is established by the six founding membersthe six founding members - France: France: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_France.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_France.svg

- Germany: Germany: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Germany.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Germany.svg

- The Netherlands: The Netherlands: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg

- Italy: Italy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Italy.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Italy.svg

- Belgium: Belgium: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Belgium.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Belgium.svg

- Luxembourg: Luxembourg: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

France France Germany Germany The Netherlands The Netherlands Italy Italy Belgium Belgium Luxembourg Luxembourg

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

FranceFrance

ItalyItaly

GermanGermanyyBelgiumBelgium

LuxembourgLuxembourg

The NetherlandsThe Netherlands

France France Germany Germany The Netherlands The Netherlands Italy Italy Belgium Belgium Luxembourg Luxembourg

Treaty of Paris (ECSC)Treaty of Paris (ECSC)

Family photo of those signing the Treaty of Paris, Family photo of those signing the Treaty of Paris, from left to right: Paul van Zeeland, Belgian from left to right: Paul van Zeeland, Belgian Minister for Foreign Affairs; Joseph Bech, Minister Minister for Foreign Affairs; Joseph Bech, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade and Wine for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade and Wine growing of Luxembourg; Joseph Meurice, Belgian growing of Luxembourg; Joseph Meurice, Belgian Minister for Foreign Trade; Carlo Sforza, Italian Minister for Foreign Trade; Carlo Sforza, Italian Minister for Foreign Affairs; Robert Schuman, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Robert Schuman, French Minister for Foreign Affairs; Konrad French Minister for Foreign Affairs; Konrad Adenauer, German Federal Chancellor; Dirk Adenauer, German Federal Chancellor; Dirk Stikker, Dutch Minister for Foreign Affairs; and Stikker, Dutch Minister for Foreign Affairs; and Johannes van den Brink, Dutch Minister for Johannes van den Brink, Dutch Minister for Economic AffairsEconomic Affairs

1957: The Treaties of Rome 1957: The Treaties of Rome Beginning of the European Economic Beginning of the European Economic

Community (E.E.C.) and of Euratom in Community (E.E.C.) and of Euratom in 19581958

1973: The Community expands to 1973: The Community expands to nine member states and develops its nine member states and develops its common policiescommon policies Denmark:Denmark:http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Denmark.svghttp://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Denmark.svg

Republic of Ireland: Republic of Ireland: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Ireland.svghttp://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Ireland.svg

The United Kingdom: The United Kingdom: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svghttp://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

DenmarkDenmarkThe U.KThe U.KRep. of IrelandRep. of Ireland

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

DenmarkDenmarkThe U.KThe U.KRep. Of of IrelandRep. Of of Ireland

Rep of IrelandRep of IrelandThe U.KThe U.K DenmarkDenmark

1979: The 1st direct elections to the 1979: The 1st direct elections to the European Parliament (now held every European Parliament (now held every five years)five years)

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:European-parliament-strasbourg-inside.jpg

1981 & 1986: The 1st Mediterranean 1981 & 1986: The 1st Mediterranean enlargementsenlargements

Greece: January 1981 Greece: January 1981 http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Greece.svghttp://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Greece.svg

Spain: January 1986 Spain: January 1986 http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svghttp://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Spain.svg

Portugal: January 1986 Portugal: January 1986 http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Portugal.svghttp://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Portugal.svg

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

GreeceGreeceSpainSpainPortugalPortugal

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

SpainSpainPortugalPortugal

GreeceGreece

GreeceGreeceSpainSpainPortugalPortugal

The single marketThe single market President of the European President of the European

Commission Jacques Delors plan to Commission Jacques Delors plan to have a Single Market by 1992.have a Single Market by 1992.

Leads to the Single European Act Leads to the Single European Act (signed in 1986)(signed in 1986)

Fall of Berlin Wall in 1989Fall of Berlin Wall in 1989 Unification of Germany: October 1990 Unification of Germany: October 1990

(‘silent’ EU enlargement?)(‘silent’ EU enlargement?)

November 1993: The Treaty of Maastricht November 1993: The Treaty of Maastricht establishes the European Unionestablishes the European Union

CE | | P-001327/00-02 | 01/11/93CE | | P-001327/00-02 | 01/11/93

January 1995: The European Union January 1995: The European Union expands to 15 members expands to 15 members Austria: Austria: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Austria.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Austria.svg

Finland: Finland: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Finland.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Finland.svg

Sweden: Sweden: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sweden.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Sweden.svg

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

AustriaAustriaFinlandFinlandSwedenSweden

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

SwedenSweden

FinlandFinland

AustriaAustria

AustriaAustriaFinlandFinlandSwedenSweden

2002: Euro notes and coins are 2002: Euro notes and coins are introducedintroduced

CE | | P-008484/00-9 | 2001 CE | | P-008484/00-9 | 2001

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Euro_coins_version_II.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Euro_coins_version_II.png http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Euro_banknotes.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Euro_banknotes.png

What is the value of 1 Euro?What is the value of 1 Euro?

= 1,24 $AUS = 1,24 $AUS (17/12/2012)(17/12/2012)

CE | | P-008484/00-11 | 2001CE | | P-008484/00-11 | 2001

A French baguette:A French baguette:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Baguette.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Baguette.png

A.A. 4€4€B.B. 1,50€1,50€C.C. 23,65€23,65€

B. 1,50€ (= 2,51 $AUS)B. 1,50€ (= 2,51 $AUS)

Spaghetti at a restaurant: Spaghetti at a restaurant:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Spaghetti_bolognese.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Spaghetti_bolognese.jpg

A.A. 16€16€B.B. 36€36€C.C. 45€45€

A. 16€ (= 26,8 $AUS)A. 16€ (= 26,8 $AUS)

Thalys train ticket (Paris-Brussels) Thalys train ticket (Paris-Brussels) one way – full fare:one way – full fare:

A.A. 39€39€B.B. 49€49€C.C. 99€99€

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Thalys_4343_Koeln.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Thalys_4343_Koeln.jpg

A. 39€ (= 48,69 $AUS)A. 39€ (= 48,69 $AUS)

2004: Ten more countries join the 2004: Ten more countries join the European Union:European Union:Poland: Poland: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Poland.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Poland.svgEstonia:Estonia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svgLithuania: Lithuania: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Lithuania.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Lithuania.svgLatvia:Latvia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Latvia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Latvia.svgThe Czech Republic: The Czech Republic: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svgMalta:Malta: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Malta.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Malta.svgCyprus: Cyprus: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Cyprus.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Cyprus.svgHungary: Hungary: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Hungary.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Hungary.svgSlovakia: Slovakia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Slovakia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Slovakia.svgSlovenia:Slovenia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Slovenia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Slovenia.svg

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

CyprusCyprusThe Czech RepublicThe Czech RepublicEstoniaEstoniaHungaryHungaryLatviaLatvia

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

EstoniaEstonia

HungaryHungary

LatviaLatvia

CyprusCyprusThe Czech RepublicThe Czech RepublicEstoniaEstoniaHungaryHungaryLatviaLatvia

The Czech RepublicThe Czech Republic

CyprusCyprus

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

LithuaniaLithuaniaMaltaMaltaPolandPolandSlovakiaSlovakiaSloveniaSlovenia

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.pngMaltaMalta

SlovakiaSlovakia

LithuaniaLithuania

PolandPoland

SloveniaSlovenia

LithuaniaLithuaniaMaltaMaltaPolandPolandSlovakiaSlovakiaSloveniaSlovenia

Enlargement and neighbourhood Enlargement and neighbourhood policy:policy:

2007: 2 new countries2007: 2 new countries

Bulgaria: Bulgaria: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg

Romania: Romania: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Romania.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Romania.svg

2013 Accession 2013 Accession Croatia is expected to join the EU on Croatia is expected to join the EU on

July 1st 2013.July 1st 2013.

Croatia: Croatia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Croatia.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Flag_of_Croatia.svg

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

BulgariaBulgariaRomaniaRomaniaTurkeyTurkeyCroatiaCroatia

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Europe_blank_map.png/1000px-Europe_blank_map.png

RomaniaRomaniaBulgariaBulgariaCroatiaCroatia

BulgariaBulgariaRomaniaRomaniaCroatiaCroatia

CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007CE | | P-012620/00-04 | 07/02/2007

How can a country become a How can a country become a member of the European Union? member of the European Union?

The Copenhagen CriteriaThe Copenhagen Criteria (1993) (1993)

- Political Criteria: National institutions guaranteeing Political Criteria: National institutions guaranteeing democracy, human rights, rule of law, & respect of democracy, human rights, rule of law, & respect of minoritiesminorities

- Economic Criteria: operational market economyEconomic Criteria: operational market economy- Legislative Criteria: ability to implement EU legislationLegislative Criteria: ability to implement EU legislation

How does the European Union How does the European Union work ?work ?

Languages:Languages:

- Working languages: French, English and GermanWorking languages: French, English and German

- Official languages: the languages of the member states (i.e Official languages: the languages of the member states (i.e 23 languages)23 languages)

- Citizens can ask for any document in their own languageCitizens can ask for any document in their own language

The Council of the European The Council of the European UnionUnion

- State representatives (national ministers)State representatives (national ministers)

- 6 months Presidency: 6 months Presidency: January 2013 to June 2013: IrelandJanuary 2013 to June 2013: IrelandJuly 2013 to December 2013: Lithuania July 2013 to December 2013: Lithuania

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kenny_2011.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kenny_2011.jpg

Edna Kenny – Edna Kenny – Taoiseach Taoiseach (Prime (Prime Minister) Minister)

European CouncilEuropean CouncilHeads of state or government of EU member states, President of the European

Commission, President of the European Council. The High Representative for Foreign Affairs also takes part in its meetings.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/minister-president/5555966067/in/set-72157626347814212/

Herman Van RompuyHerman Van RompuyEuropean Council PresidentEuropean Council President

Catherine AshtonCatherine AshtonHigh Representative of the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Union for Foreign Affairs and Security PolicySecurity Policy

The European ParliamentThe European Parliament

- Represents EU citizensRepresents EU citizens- 3 locations: 3 locations:

- Secretariat in LuxembourgSecretariat in Luxembourg- Strasbourg (plenaries)Strasbourg (plenaries)- Brussels (committees/plenaries)Brussels (committees/plenaries)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Europaparlament.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Europaparlament.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:EuroparliamentCROPPED.jpgImage:EuroparliamentCROPPED.jpg

Elections: every 5 years / Last one in 2009Elections: every 5 years / Last one in 2009

The European CommissionThe European Commission

- Represents the common European interestRepresents the common European interest- 1 Commissioner / member State (27)1 Commissioner / member State (27)- Location : Brussels Location : Brussels http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:European_Commission_outside.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:European_Commission_outside.jpg

- President : President : José Manuel BarrosoJosé Manuel Barroso

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barroso_MEDEF.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barroso_MEDEF.jpg

AlsoAlso- The Court of JusticeThe Court of Justice- The Court of AuditorsThe Court of Auditors

European Economic and Social Committee European Economic and Social Committee (Brussels)(Brussels)

The Committee of the Regions (Brussels)The Committee of the Regions (Brussels) The European Investment Bank The European Investment Bank

(Luxembourg)(Luxembourg) The European Central Bank (Frankfurt am The European Central Bank (Frankfurt am

Main)Main)

What does the EU do ?What does the EU do ? The Common Agricultural Policy: one The Common Agricultural Policy: one

exampleexample- Very important in the EU budget : 36.83% nowadays (more Very important in the EU budget : 36.83% nowadays (more

than 60% before the 1990s)than 60% before the 1990s)- Subsidises farmers to not over produce and to respect the Subsidises farmers to not over produce and to respect the

environmentenvironment- Italy, Spain & France : 3 major beneficiaries of this policy. Italy, Spain & France : 3 major beneficiaries of this policy.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:ClosLaPlanaEdit.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:ClosLaPlanaEdit.jpg

A Citizens’ EuropeA Citizens’ Europe The Schengen Zone:The Schengen Zone:Reinforces the borders at the Schengen frontiersReinforces the borders at the Schengen frontiersNo more frontiers inside: free to move, no need for a passportNo more frontiers inside: free to move, no need for a passportThe Schengen Zone also includes non-EU members The Schengen Zone also includes non-EU members

(Switzerland, Norway…) (Switzerland, Norway…)

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/French_passport_front_cover.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/French_passport_front_cover.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Schengen_Agreement_map.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Schengen_Agreement_map.svg

SchengenSchengen• some member states signed the some member states signed the Schengen Agreement Schengen Agreement

on June 14 1985on June 14 1985, under which all border controls would , under which all border controls would be removed be removed

• Who signed? France, Germany, the Benelux states. (By Who signed? France, Germany, the Benelux states. (By the end of 1992, Italy, Greece, Portugal and Spain signed the end of 1992, Italy, Greece, Portugal and Spain signed too) too)

• Britain, Denmark and Ireland do not joinBritain, Denmark and Ireland do not join • Since then Since then all EU member states have joined except all EU member states have joined except

Britain and IrelandBritain and Ireland (limited membership covering police (limited membership covering police cooperation but not asylum, visas and border controls) cooperation but not asylum, visas and border controls)

• plus plus non EU member states: Iceland, Norway, non EU member states: Iceland, Norway, SwitzerlandSwitzerland

• The signatories can still implement controls and it does The signatories can still implement controls and it does not mean passport free travel everywherenot mean passport free travel everywhere

Erasmus:Erasmus:- Scholarships for European students to study for one Scholarships for European students to study for one

semester or one year at a European universitysemester or one year at a European university- Building of a “Europe of students ”Building of a “Europe of students ”- Recognition of your semester(s) abroadRecognition of your semester(s) abroad- Provides access for students from disadvantaged Provides access for students from disadvantaged

backgrounds to study abroad backgrounds to study abroad - 2013 budget €490 million (.35% of EU budget)2013 budget €490 million (.35% of EU budget)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Eras.jpg

Europe & AustraliaEurope & Australia Economic links:Economic links:

- TradeTrade: : • The total value of goods and services trade with Europe The total value of goods and services trade with Europe

increased by 5.6% in 2011 to $93.1 billion. increased by 5.6% in 2011 to $93.1 billion. • Australian exports to the EU inceased in value by 5.3% in Australian exports to the EU inceased in value by 5.3% in

2011 to $19 billion2011 to $19 billion• Europe accounts for 15.3% of Australia’s total trade in Europe accounts for 15.3% of Australia’s total trade in

goods and services.goods and services.• The EU accounted for 87.4% of Australia’s trade with The EU accounted for 87.4% of Australia’s trade with

EuropeEurope• Trade to Russia increased by 54.2%, and Norway by 28.6% Trade to Russia increased by 54.2%, and Norway by 28.6% • Australia exports food (processed and unprocessed), Australia exports food (processed and unprocessed),

minerals (such as coal, iron and nickel), chemical and minerals (such as coal, iron and nickel), chemical and engineering productsengineering products

Source: http://www.dfat.gov.au/publications/stats-pubs/Australia-trade-with-Source: http://www.dfat.gov.au/publications/stats-pubs/Australia-trade-with-Europe-2011.pdfEurope-2011.pdf

Economic links:Economic links:

- ImportsImports: : • Australia’s major import sources in the EU in 2011 came from Australia’s major import sources in the EU in 2011 came from

Germany (up by 0.6%), the UK (up by 9%), Italy (up 5.1%) and Germany (up by 0.6%), the UK (up by 9%), Italy (up 5.1%) and France (remained steady)France (remained steady)

• Australia imports from Europe processed foods, chemicals, Australia imports from Europe processed foods, chemicals, engineered goods and manufactured goods (such as household engineered goods and manufactured goods (such as household appliances & equipment)appliances & equipment)

- InvestmentInvestment: : • The EU as a bloc is Australia’s largest foreign investorThe EU as a bloc is Australia’s largest foreign investor• EU foreign direct investment in Australia totalled A$143 billion — EU foreign direct investment in Australia totalled A$143 billion —

approximately 28.3% of Australia's total inwards foreign direct approximately 28.3% of Australia's total inwards foreign direct investmentinvestment

• The UK is the largest source of inward FDI (48.6%) from the EU into The UK is the largest source of inward FDI (48.6%) from the EU into Australia followed by the Netherlands (22.9%) and Germany (10%)Australia followed by the Netherlands (22.9%) and Germany (10%)

The EU and AustraliaThe EU and Australia Other cooperationOther cooperation : :

- Political: Joint Declaration (1997)Political: Joint Declaration (1997)- Australia engages in bilateral relations with each EU member Australia engages in bilateral relations with each EU member

statestate- Foreign policy & security: Foreign policy & security:

- tackle terrorism (exchange of info Australian Federal Police and tackle terrorism (exchange of info Australian Federal Police and Europol/Jakarta Centre for Law Enforcement Cooperation)Europol/Jakarta Centre for Law Enforcement Cooperation)

- counter nuclear proliferationcounter nuclear proliferation- Education: bilateral exchangesEducation: bilateral exchanges- Science & technology: research programmes (FEAST)Science & technology: research programmes (FEAST)- Environment, energy issuesEnvironment, energy issues- Asia-Pacific Region: Aceh (EU monitoring mission), East TimorAsia-Pacific Region: Aceh (EU monitoring mission), East Timor- Development cooperation in Pacific regionDevelopment cooperation in Pacific region

The EU and AustraliaThe EU and Australia Other cooperationOther cooperation : : The The Australia – European Union Partnership FrameworkAustralia – European Union Partnership Framework

(CHAPEAU)(CHAPEAU) Launched in Paris in 2008, the framework covers:Launched in Paris in 2008, the framework covers:

• Shared foreign policy and global security interestsShared foreign policy and global security interests• The multilateral rules-based trading system and the The multilateral rules-based trading system and the

bilateral trade and investment relationshipbilateral trade and investment relationship• The Asia-Pacific regionThe Asia-Pacific region• Energy issues, climate change and fisheries and forestryEnergy issues, climate change and fisheries and forestry• Science, research, technology and innovation, education Science, research, technology and innovation, education

and culture and facilitating the movement of people.and culture and facilitating the movement of people.

Australian-EU meetings and Australian-EU meetings and contacts contacts

Meeting of Prime Minister Julia Gillard with European Meeting of Prime Minister Julia Gillard with European Commission President Barroso in Canberra September 2011Commission President Barroso in Canberra September 2011

Foreign Affairs Minister Bob Carr meeting with High Foreign Affairs Minister Bob Carr meeting with High Representative Catherine Ashton in Brussels April 2012Representative Catherine Ashton in Brussels April 2012

2012 the 502012 the 50thth anniversary of Australian – EU relations anniversary of Australian – EU relations Regular ministerial consultations with the EU Council Regular ministerial consultations with the EU Council

presidency (foreign ministers level)presidency (foreign ministers level) Contacts between the Australian Parliament and the Contacts between the Australian Parliament and the

European ParliamentEuropean Parliament(visit of MEPs to Australia in Feb 2007)(visit of MEPs to Australia in Feb 2007) Delegation of the European Commission in Canberra (since Delegation of the European Commission in Canberra (since

1981)1981)

Australian-EU meetings and Australian-EU meetings and contacts contacts

Strengthening ties Between Australia and the EUStrengthening ties Between Australia and the EU•Julia Gillard visited Brussels in October 2010 to attend the 8Julia Gillard visited Brussels in October 2010 to attend the 8 thth ASEM ASEM summit and to discuss a treaty level bilateral Framework Agreement, met summit and to discuss a treaty level bilateral Framework Agreement, met with Barrosso and Van Rompuywith Barrosso and Van Rompuy•Barrosso visited Australia in September 2011 to hold bilateral talks, the Barrosso visited Australia in September 2011 to hold bilateral talks, the first Commission President to visit since 1982first Commission President to visit since 1982•High Representative Catherine Ashton visited in October 2011, opened High Representative Catherine Ashton visited in October 2011, opened negotiations on aid projects and the Framework Agreementnegotiations on aid projects and the Framework Agreement•European Commissioner for Trade Karel De Gucht visited in March 2012 European Commissioner for Trade Karel De Gucht visited in March 2012 for trade negotiationsfor trade negotiations•Foreign Minister Bob Carr met with Catherine Ashton in Brussels in April Foreign Minister Bob Carr met with Catherine Ashton in Brussels in April 20122012

The European Union: A process The European Union: A process still under constructionstill under construction

2005: The “NO-crisis”2005: The “NO-crisis”http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Consttreat.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Consttreat.jpg

- ““NO” from France and the Netherlands on a referendum NO” from France and the Netherlands on a referendum implementing a Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europeimplementing a Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:FR_referendum_EU_constitution.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:FR_referendum_EU_constitution.JPG

2008: The Lisbon Treaty2008: The Lisbon Treaty

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg

The Eurozone CrisisThe Eurozone Crisis How has the eurozone been affected by the How has the eurozone been affected by the

crisis?crisis?• Greece: Greece: Debt in December 2009 is more than €300 billion, 113% Debt in December 2009 is more than €300 billion, 113%

of Greece’s GDP, bailout packages in 2010, 2011 in exchange for of Greece’s GDP, bailout packages in 2010, 2011 in exchange for tough austerity measures, credit rating downgraded, mass tough austerity measures, credit rating downgraded, mass protests against the austerity measures, from socialist to protests against the austerity measures, from socialist to technocrat to coalition governments technocrat to coalition governments

• Italy: Italy: High borrowing costs (7.5%), resignation of Silvio High borrowing costs (7.5%), resignation of Silvio Berlusconi, technocrat Mario Monti takes control, austerity Berlusconi, technocrat Mario Monti takes control, austerity measures reaching €30 billion, violence and protests at austerity measures reaching €30 billion, violence and protests at austerity measures, growth shrinking, Monti resigns measures, growth shrinking, Monti resigns

• Portugal: Portugal: Credit rating downgraded, record high borrowing Credit rating downgraded, record high borrowing costs, requests for €80 billion bailout package, 2011 protests costs, requests for €80 billion bailout package, 2011 protests against austerity measures, healthcare cuts/rise in deathsagainst austerity measures, healthcare cuts/rise in deaths

• Spain: Spain: Viewed as the next Greece, debt downgraded, loses AAA Viewed as the next Greece, debt downgraded, loses AAA credit rating, European Central Bank purchases bonds, more credit rating, European Central Bank purchases bonds, more than 5.3 million unemployed, €16.5 billion in spending cuts, than 5.3 million unemployed, €16.5 billion in spending cuts, conservative party elected, austerity protests, banks seek conservative party elected, austerity protests, banks seek bailoutsbailouts

• Ireland: Ireland: Debt ratings downgraded, banks nationalised, credit Debt ratings downgraded, banks nationalised, credit rating drops, €90 billion bailout by IMF in 2010, €21 billion in rating drops, €90 billion bailout by IMF in 2010, €21 billion in 2011, mass protests to spending cuts, house prices plummet 2011, mass protests to spending cuts, house prices plummet

The Eurozone CrisisThe Eurozone Crisis The The unemployment rate unemployment rate in the Eurozone is 11.7%, rose by in the Eurozone is 11.7%, rose by

2.174 million from October 2011- 20122.174 million from October 2011- 2012 Of this 11.7%, the countries with the highest levels of Of this 11.7%, the countries with the highest levels of

unemployment are:unemployment are:• Spain (26.2%)Spain (26.2%)• Greece (25.4%)Greece (25.4%)• Portugal (16.3%)Portugal (16.3%)• Ireland (14.7%)Ireland (14.7%)Compare this withCompare this with• Germany (5.4%)Germany (5.4%)• Australia (5.2%) Australia (5.2%) Source:http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/3-30112012-BP/EN/3-30112012-BP-EN.PDFSource:http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/3-30112012-BP/EN/3-30112012-BP-EN.PDF

Youth Unemployment 2012Youth Unemployment 2012

Source: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/images/a/ac/Unemployment_rates%2C_seasonally_adjusted%2C_October_2012.png

Nobel Peace PrizeNobel Peace Prize The EU was awarded the 2012 Nobel Peace Prize The EU was awarded the 2012 Nobel Peace Prize "for "for

over six decades [having] contributed to the over six decades [having] contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe"and human rights in Europe"..

Nobel committee president Thorbjoern Jagland highlighted the EU’s work on: • Reconciliation between France and Germany • The incorporation of post-authoritarian states such as Greece,

Portugal and Spain • The reconciliation of Balkan states.

The EU donated its prize money to children affected by war, known as the ‘Children of Peace Initiative’

Nobel Peace PrizeNobel Peace Prize

EurovisionEurovision

First held in 1956First held in 1956 43 countries and 24 in the finale43 countries and 24 in the finale Controversially held in Azerbaijan, Controversially held in Azerbaijan, 2013 competition taking place in Mälmo, Sweden2013 competition taking place in Mälmo, Sweden Big Four: France, UK, Ireland, LuxembourgBig Four: France, UK, Ireland, Luxembourg 2012 winner: Loreen from Sweden2012 winner: Loreen from Sweden

Source : http://cache.kotaku.com/assets/resources/2007/10/eurovision.jpg

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Loreen_Eurovision_2012_winner.jpg

Source : http://www.agoravox.fr/IMG/eurovision2006.jpg

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ESC_2012_Map.svg

GreenGreen

Countries that have already Countries that have already selected their entrant and/ or selected their entrant and/ or songsong      RedRedCountries that did not qualify for Countries that did not qualify for the finalthe final

YellowYellowCountries that participated in the Countries that participated in the past but will not in 2012past but will not in 2012

SportSport UEFA: Union of European Football Associations UEFA: Union of European Football Associations - 53 national associations53 national associations- UEFA European Football Championship: started in 1958 and UEFA European Football Championship: started in 1958 and

finals in 1960. finals in 1960. - Current winner: Chelsea (England)/ Most successful team : Current winner: Chelsea (England)/ Most successful team :

Real Madrid (Spain)Real Madrid (Spain)

GreenGreenUEFA member country that has been represented in the group stageUEFA member country that has been represented in the group stageBlueBlueUEFA member country that has not been represented in the group UEFA member country that has not been represented in the group stagestageGreyGreyNot a UEFA memberNot a UEFA member

UEFA NationsUEFA Nations

NATONATO

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:History_of_NATO_enlargement.svg

Questions ? Questions ?