The Effect of the A.C.E. Program on Achievement and Learning

Joy Crosby

The Effect of A.C.E. on Learning

What are the typical effects of schooling on a student’s achievement?

“Everything works in schools”

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningFactors are expressed in ‘effect-size’

• All factors will have some effect on a student’s learning- to a greater or lesser degree

• Factors with an effect-size of .4 or more have maximum effect on a student’s achievement

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningThree Specifics

• Achievement is enhanced to the degree that students and teachers set and communicate goals

• Achievement is enhanced as a function of feedback

• Increases in student learning involve surface and deep learning as well as reconceptualization

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningINDIVIDUALIZATION

“It is predicted that programs that do not capitalize on effective classroom

management practices to optimize feedback, will not be successful.”

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningA.C.E. an ‘Individualized’ Program

A class of your ownor

Learning alone and independently“capitalize on effective classroom practices

to optimize feedback”

The Effect of A.C.E on Learning FEEDBACK – effect-size .73

Feedback is a consequence of performance:

• A teacher/parent – corrective information• A peer – an alternative strategy • A book or text – information and instruction• Self – finds answers, establishes correctness

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningCONTINUOUS SEQUENCE OF INSTRUCTION

AND FEEDBACK

Providing Instruction --> Follows Instruction Providing Feedback --> Receives Feedback

CONTINUOUS SEQUENCE OF INSTRUCTION AND FEEDBACK

Feedback in the form of Correctional Review becomes New Instruction

New Instruction … Receives Feedback

The Effect of A.C.E on Learning

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningFeedback should:• Provide information specific to task or

process• Fill gaps between what is understood and

what needs to be understood

The Effect of A.C.E on Learning

Feedback is Information that:• increases understanding• Improves performance• Helps to achieve goals

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningOpportunities for Feedback

Score StripsSupervisors score boxes

CheckupsSelf Tests

PACE Tests

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningThree Levels of Feedback

Emphasis on Student Self-ManagementCHECK - At the Scoring StationREFLECT - Teaching blocks and InstructionDISCUSS - Ask for help

The Effect of A.C.E on Learning

If Effective Feedback is embedded In all of our supervision and teaching

and every opportunity is used to provide feedback, then learning

outcomes will improve

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningACADEMIC PERFORMANCE and INDIVIDUALIZATION

Performance Level - where the student can copeIndividualization - student works independently

There is always FEEDBACK and there is always INTERVENTION

The Effect of A.C.E on Learning

The A.C.E. system improves student achievement, not because it is an Individualized system, but because it

allows feedback to occur often, and at different levels

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningACCELERATION - Effect-size .88

Experiencing curricula aimed at challenging at a higher level

THE SUPERVISOR• The most influential effect on students• Tutors, Mentors, Supervises learning

The Effect of A.C.E on Learning PERSONALIZED SYSTEM OF INSTRUCTION

Effect-size .53

• Highly structured, student centered• Emphasis on self-pacing• Mastery before proceeding• Teaching materials text based • Teachers offer tutorial and motivational help

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningMASTERY LEARNING - Effect size .58

• The flow of learning is directed through carefully sequenced activities, reinforcement, monitoring and feedback

• Student is given sufficient opportunity to learn and adequate time

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningDIRECT INSTRUCTION- Effect size .82

• Well developed, carefully planned lessons• Small learning increments• Clear learning Goals• Structured Interaction• Immediate Feedback• Close Monitoring

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningREINFORCEMENT/REPITITION

- Effect size 1.13

CLASS ENVIRONMENT- Effect size .56

The Effect of A.C.E on LearningEffects in the A.C.E. Learning Centre above .4

Goal Setting – 0.56Mastery learning – 0.58Keller’s PSI – 0.53 (Similar to A.C.E.)Worked Examples – 0.57Feedback – 0.73

Effects in the A.C.E. Learning Centre above .4Providing Formative Evaluation – 0.90Direct Instruction – 0.82Frequent Testing - 0.34 Frequent Testing with Feedback – 0.5

The Effect of A.C.E on Learning