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The E-Learning Policy

Environment 

EDUCAUSE Southeast Regional Conference May 30, 2013

Jarret Cummings, Policy Specialist

EDUCAUSE

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Session Objectives

• Summarize the driving factors behind the e-learning policy and regulatory environment

• Identify key impacts of and responses to the

policy and regulation that have arisen• Describe policy areas likely to impact e-

learning over the next few years

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The E-Learning Policy EnvironmentThe Policy Context

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Income and Employability (1)

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38%

17%12%

23%

10%HS or Less

Some college

Associate's

Bachelor's

Master's or better

Income and Employability

62%

2018 Education Requirements for Employment (2)

45%

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Cost to Students

5.6%

2.6%

3.8%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

Public 4-yr. Private 4-yr. Public 2-yr.

Increase in Published Tuition/Fees Above Gen. Inflation2001-02 to 2011-12 (3)

per year

per year

per year

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Structural Factors Drive Policy Goals

“It’s a simple fact the more education you’ve got, the

more likely you are to have a good job and work your 

way into the middle class.” (4) 

2020 U.S. College Attainment Goal:

60% of Adults Aged 25 –34 with College Degrees (5)

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E-Learning: The Solution? (6)

“The longer you stay [in college], the

more you spend. Online is part of that

solution.” 

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E-Learning: The Solution? (7)

Open Course Library

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E-Learning: The Solution? (8)

California Senate President Introduces Bill

For Outside Online Courses to Count for Credit

March 13, 2013

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Legacy Concerns: For-Profits (9)

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Legacy Concerns: State Oversight (10)

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The E-Learning Policy EnvironmentThe Policy Response

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Response: “Program Integrity” (11) 

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Problem: State Authorization

June 2010 NPRM

“To participate in the title IV, HEA

student aid programs, an institutionmust be legally authorized to provide a

postsecondary educational program

within the State in which it islocated.” (12) 

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Problem: State Authorization

October 2010 Final Regulations“If an institution is offering postsecondary

education through distance or correspondence

education to students in a State in which it isnot physically located or in which it is

otherwise subject to State jurisdiction as

determined by the State, the institution must

meet any State requirements for it to be legallyoffering postsecondary distance or 

correspondence education in that State.” (13) 

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States where regulation diverges by school control

The State of the States (14)

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Title IV Threat Lifted, But Then What?

October 2010 Final Regulations“If an institution is offering postsecondary

education through distance or correspondence

education to students in a State in which it isnot physically located or in which it is

otherwise subject to State jurisdiction as

determined by the State, the institution must

meet any State requirements for it to be legallyoffering postsecondary distance or 

correspondence education in that State.” (13) 

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 A New Hope Rises: SARA (15)

State Authorization Reciprocity Agreement

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Where Does SARA Go from Here? (16)

NationwideSARA

Coordinating

Board

Coming to a location

near you… 

… in a couple 

of years?

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Sources to Watch

SHEEO State Authorization Resources (17)(http://www.sheeo.org/projects/state-authorization-postsecondary-education)

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Sources to Watch

WCET Frontiers (http://wcetblog.wordpress.com) (18)

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Problem: Federal Credit Hour Def. (19)

“an amount of work represented in intendedlearning outcomes”

“verified by evidence of student

achievement” 

“that is an institutionally established

equivalency that reasonably approximates

not less than” 

1 hour in class, 2 hours outside per week

Primacy of seat time over competency?

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Problem: Gainful Employment Reporting

V.Over 80% of 

postsecondary

institutions

impacted (20)

June 30, 2012

ruling

strikes reg.,

affirms reg.authority (21)

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The E-Learning Policy Environment

On the Horizon

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 Another Bite at the Apple(s)

October 2010 Final Regulations“If an institution is offering postsecondary

education through distance or correspondence

education to students in a State in which it is

not physically located or in which it is

otherwise subject to State jurisdiction as

determined by the State, the institution must

meet any State requirements for it to be legallyoffering postsecondary distance or 

correspondence education in that State.” (13) 

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Extending Gainful Employment? (22)

“the system of 

institutional grants

and loans will start to

shift more toward aperformance-based

and outcomes-based

system than is thecase today” (27) 

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Competency-Based Assessment (23)

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Student Identity Verification

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 Accessibility

U. of Washington AccessComputing Project (24)

http://www.washington.edu/doit/Video/itaccess.html  

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The E-Learning Policy Environment

Questions and Answers

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Thank You

Jarret S. Cummings

Policy Specialist

EDUCAUSE jcummings@educause.edu 

http://www.educause.edu/blogs/jcummings 

(202) 331-5372

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Endnotes1.  Anthony P. Carnevale, Nicole Smith, and Jeff Strohl, Help Wanted: Projections of Jobs and Education

Requirements Through 2018 , Center on Education and the Workforce, Georgetown University, June 2010, p. 100

(http://cew.georgetown.edu/jobs2018/).

2. Carnevale, Smith, & Strohl, Help Wanted , June 2010, p. 14. (Graph concept: College Completion Tool Kit , U.S.

Department of Education, March 2011, p. 1: http://www.ed.gov/sites/default/files/cc-toolkit.pdf .)

3. Trends in College Pricing 2011, College Board, p. 3

(http://trends.collegeboard.org/downloads/College_Pricing_2011.pdf ).

4. 2013 State of the Union Address (http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/02/12/remarks-president-

state-union-address).

5. Patrick J. Kelly, Closing the College Attainment Gap between the U.S. and Most Educated Countries, and the

Contributions to be made by the States, National Center for Higher Education Management Systems, April 2010

(http://www.nchems.org/pubs/docs/Closing%20the%20U%20S%20%20Degree%20Gap%20NCHEMS%20Final.p

df ). (See also: U.S. Department of Education, “New State-by-State College Attainment Numbers Show Progress

Toward 2020 Goal,” July 12, 2012: http://www.ed.gov/news/press-releases/new-state-state-college-attainment-

numbers-show-progress-toward-2020-goal.)

6. Please see:

a. Reed Hundt and Blair Levin, The Politics of Abundance: How Technology Can Fix the Budget, Revive the

 American Dream, and Establish Obama’s Legacy, Odyssey Editions (New York: 2012), pp. 17-22

(http://www.politicsofabundance.com/).

b.  Anthony York, “Gov. Jerry Brown Cheers New CSU Online Pilot Project,” PolitiCal (blog), The Los Angeles

Times, January 15, 2013 (http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/california-politics/2013/01/jerry-brown-cheers-new-

csu-online-pilot-project.html).

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Endnotes7. Please see:

a. Paul Fain, “As California Goes?” Inside Higher Ed, January 16, 2013

(http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/01/16/california-looks-moocs-online-push).

b. Pat Lopes Harris, “SJSU and Udacity Partnership,” SJSU Today, January 15, 2013

(http://blogs.sjsu.edu/today/2013/sjsu-and-udacity-partnership/).

c. Timothy Vollmer, “California Passes Groundbreaking Open Textbook Legislation,” Creative Commons News,

September 27, 2012 (blog: http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/34288).

d. “Ground-Breaking State-Sponsored Program Creates Free Course Materials, Will Save College Students

Millions,” Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges, October 31, 2011

(http://www.sbctc.edu/general/documents/OCL_Release_FINAL10312011.pdf ). (See also Open Course LibraryFAQs: https://sites.google.com/a/sbctc.edu/opencourselibrary/home/faq).

e. Paul Fain, “Udacity’s Credit Path,” Inside Higher Ed, January 16, 2013

(http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/01/16/ace-assess-udacity-courses-credit).

f. Steve Kolowich, “WGU Lassoes Texas,” Inside Higher Ed, August 4, 2011

(http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2011/08/04/governor_perry_partners_with_western_governors_university).

8. “Senate Bill 520 (Steinberg)—as proposed to be amended: An online student access platform” (fact sheet), Office of 

Darrell Steinberg, March 11, 2013 (http://www.edsource.org/today/wp-content/uploads/SB-520-Fact-Sheet-3.11.13.pdf ); see also:

a. “Steinberg Unveils Measure to Provide Online College Courses for Credit,” Office of Darrell Steiberg, March 13,

2013 (http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/news/2013-03-13-measure-provide-online-college-courses-credit).

b. Paul Fain and Ry Rivard, “Outsourcing Public Higher Education,” Inside Higher Education, March 13, 2013

(http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/03/13/california-bill-encourage-mooc-credit-public-colleges).

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Endnotes8. See also cont’d: 

c. Matt Trejo, “ Amendments to online education bill SB 520 aim to appease opposed faculty,” The Daily 

Californian, April 24, 2013 (http://www.dailycal.org/2013/04/24/amendements-to-sb-520-aim-to-please-opposing-faculty/).

d. Phil Hill, “Amendments of California SB520 Bill for Online Courses,” e-Literate, April 21, 2013

(http://mfeldstein.com/amendments-of-california-sb520-bill-for-online-courses/).

9. “Executive Summary,” FOR PROFIT HIGHER EDUCATION: The Failure to Safeguard the Federal Investment 

and Ensure Student Success, Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, July

30, 2012, p. 1-14

(http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/committeecong.action?collection=CPRT&committee=health&chamber=senate&

congressplus=112&ycord=0 ). (See also: Sandy Baum and Kathleen Payea, Trends in For-Profit Higher Education:Enrollment, Prices, Student Aid, and Outcomes, College Board, 2011:

http://advocacy.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/11b_3376_Trends_Brief_4Pass_110414.pdf  .)

10. “Program Integrity Issues; Proposed Rule,” Federal Register , Vol. 75, No. 117, June 18, 2010

(http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-06-18/html/2010-14107.htm). (See also: Elizabeth Redden, “California

Regulatin’,” Inside Higher Ed , January 29, 2007 (http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2007/01/29/california);

Bureau of Private Postsecondary Education, Department of Consumer Affairs, State of California:

http://www.bppe.ca.gov/and http://www.bppe.ca.gov/about_us/history.shtml).

11.U.S. Department of Education, “Higher Education: Program Integrity Information – Questions and Answers”

(http://www2.ed.gov/policy/highered/reg/hearulemaking/2009/integrity-qa.html).

12.Federal Register, “Proposed Rules: Part II, Department of Education, 34 CFR Parts 600, 602, et al., Program

Integrity Issues, Proposed Rule,” Vol. 75, No. 117, June 18, 2010, p. 34850 (http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-

2010-06-18/html/2010-14107.htm).

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Endnotes13.Federal Register, “Rules and Regulations: Part II, Department of Education, 34 CFR Parts 600, 602, 603, et al.,

Program Integrity Issues, Final Rule,” Vol. 75, No. 209, October 29, 2010, p. 66947

(http://www2.ed.gov/legislation/FedRegister/finrule/2010-4/102910a.html).

14.Richard Garrett, Managing Director, Online Higher Education Learning Collaborative, Eduventures, “State

 Authorization: past, present, and future,” Presentation at The UMass Online Symposium, March 7, 2012

https://confluence.umassonline.net/download/attachments/51319972/UMassOnline+State+Regs+Event_Mar+201

2.ppt?version=1&modificationDate=1331147439681 ; for the event video including this session:

https://umol1.wimba.com/main/classroom.html?channel=UMassOnline_Speaker_Series_2012_0307_0930_33).

15.EducationCounsel, “Core Principles and Parameters of State Authorization Reciprocity Agreements,” Commission

on the Regulation of Postsecondary Distance Education, Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities and

State Higher Education Executive Officers, September 11, 2012

(http://presidentsforum.excelsior.edu/meetings/12-10-3_docs/Core_Principles_and_Parameters_SARA.pdf ; for 

more on the commission: http://www.aplu.org/page.aspx?pid=2344). See also:

a. Model for State Authorization Reciprocity Agreement (August Draft), Council of State Governments and

The Presidents’ Forum, August 2012 (http://presidentsforum.excelsior.edu/meetings/12-10-

3_docs/SARA_August_2012_Draft.pdf ).

b. WICHE State Authorization Reciprocity Agreement (September 25, 2012 Draft), Western Interstate

Commission for Higher Education, September 25, 2012.

c. For more information on the APLU-SHEEO Commission on Regulation of Postsecondary Distance

Education, please see the APLU commission webpage (http://www.aplu.org/page.aspx?pid=2344) and the

SHEEO State Authorization Survey, Directory, and Resources webpage

(http://www.sheeo.org/stateauth/stateauth-home.htm).

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Endnotes16.WICHE State Authorization Reciprocity Agreement (September 25, 2012 Draft), p. 5-7.

17.State Higher Education Executive Officers (SHEEO), State Authorization of Postsecondary Education (project web

site: http://www.sheeo.org/projects/state-authorization-postsecondary-education).

18.WICHE Cooperative for Educational Technologies Blog (http://wcetblog.wordpress.com/).

19.Federal Register, “Rules and Regulations: Part II, Department of Education, 34 CFR Parts 600, 602, 603, et al.,

Program Integrity Issues, Final Rule,” Vol. 75, No. 209, October 29, 2010, p. 66946

(http://www2.ed.gov/legislation/FedRegister/finrule/2010-4/102910a.html).

20.Federal Student Aid, U.S. Department of Education, National Student Loan Data System Gainful Employment User 

Guide (Version 3.0), August 4, 2011, (http://ifap.ed.gov/nsldsmaterials/attachments/NSLDSGEUserGuide.pdf ).

21.Goldie Blumenstyk and Charles Huckabee, “Judge's Ruling on 'Gainful Employment' Gives Each Side Something

to Cheer,” Chronicle of Higher Education, July 2, 2012 (http://chronicle.com/article/Ruling-on-Gainful-

Employment/132737/).

22. Arne Duncan, “Beyond the Iron Triangle: Containing the Cost of College and Student Debt: Remarks of U.S.

Secretary of Education Arne Duncan to the annual Federal Student Aid conference, Las Vegas, Nevada,”

November 29, 2011 (http://www.ed.gov/news/speeches/beyond-iron-triangle-containing-cost-college-and-student-

debt). See also “Performance Funding for Higher Education,” National Conference of State Legislatures:http://www.ncsl.org/issues-research/educ/performance-funding.aspx.

23. Arne Duncan, “Beyond the Iron Triangle: Containing the Cost of College and Student Debt: Remarks of U.S.

Secretary of Education Arne Duncan to the annual Federal Student Aid conference, Las Vegas, Nevada,”

November 29, 2011 (http://www.ed.gov/news/speeches/beyond-iron-triangle-containing-cost-college-and-student-

debt). See also:

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Endnotes23.  See also cont’d: 

a. Paul Fain, “Beyond the Credit Hour,” Inside Higher Ed , March 19, 2013

(http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/03/19/feds-give-nudge-competency-based-education). 

b.  Amy Laitinen, “It’s Official! U.S. Department of Education Approves First College to Ditch the Credit Hour,”

Higher Ed Watch, New America Foundation, April 18, 2013

(http://higheredwatch.newamerica.net/blogposts/2013/it_s_official_us_department_approves_first_college_to_ditc

h_the_credit_hour-82499). 

24.University of Washington, AccessComputing Project, “IT Accessibility: What Campus Leaders Have to Say” (video),

November 2012 (http://www.washington.edu/doit/Video/itaccess.html). See also:

a. U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, and U.S. Department of Education, Office of Civil Rights,

“Joint ‘Dear Colleague Letter’: Electronic Book Readers,” June 29, 2010

(http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/letters/colleague-20100629.html); U.S. Department of Education,

Office of Civil Rights, “Dear Colleague Letter: Office of the Assistant Secretary,” May 26, 2011

(http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/letters/colleague-201105-pse.html) [Highlights FAQs on the scope and

applicability of the June 29, 2010, letter to emerging technology pilots in higher education.]

b. Jarret Cummings, “NFB and Penn State resolve U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights complaint,” October 11,

2011 (http://www.educause.edu/blogs/jcummings/nfb-and-penn-state-resolve-us-dept-justice-civil-rights-

complaint); Jarret Cummings, “Penn State’s Progress on its NFB Agreement (EDUCAUSE 2012),” November 

14, 2012 (http://www.educause.edu/blogs/jcummings/penn-states-progress-its-nfb-agreement-educause-2012).

c. EDUCAUSE, “EDUCAUSE/Internet2 E-Text Pilots and Accessibility,” October 24, 2012,

(http://www.educause.edu/library/resources/educauseinternet2-etext-pilots-and-accessibility).

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Endnotes24.Continued:

d. Jarret Cummings, “NFB Google Apps Concerns Continue,” December 18, 2012

(http://www.educause.edu/blogs/jcummings/nfb-google-apps-concerns-continue); Jarret Cummings, “Google

Response on NFB Google Apps Concerns,” December 20, 2012

(http://www.educause.edu/blogs/jcummings/google-response-nfb-google-apps-concerns).