The depths of War SSUSH9 The student will identify key events, issues, and individualsrelating to the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War. c. Describe the roles of Ulysses Grant, Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, WilliamT. Sherman, and Jefferson Davis. d. Explain the importance of Fort Sumter, Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and theBattle for Atlanta. 1. factories could produce everything the people and army needed
As the war progressed, it became obvious that the North was better able to deal with the hardships of war than the South. Southern EconomicProblems: Northern Economies Boom: 1. Food shortage- Invadingarmies disrupted food andcotton production 2. labor shortage men were offfighting, women had to fill in 3. inflation 1 and 2 led to ahigher price of goods 4. Conf. Army desertions 1. factories could produceeverything the people andarmy needed 2. women filled in for men inthe factories Medical care disease kills many soldiers:poornutrition and contaminated food led todysentery and typhoid fever, malaria Union soldier 3 times more likely to diein a camp or hospital than killed on thebattlefield Doctors did not know how to sterilizetheir equipment Many women became nurses, includingClara Barton and Dorothea Dix Northern Battle Blunders
Lincoln changed the Generals in charge of the army routinely Nov General Ambrose Burnside put in charge of Union army His tactical errors led to the Union lossat the Battle of Fredericksburg in Dec Burnside decided to cross the river right in front of Lees troops Burnside was forced to resign and General Joseph Hooker was put in charge Through a series of sly divisions of Lees army, the Union forces were defeated at Chancellorsville in May 1863 This was the low point for the Union war effort Although they won the battle, the South suffered the loss ofGeneral Thomas Stonewall Jackson after the Battle ofChancellorsville Jackson was accidently shot by his own men and later died asa result of disease Jacksons death was a huge blow to the southern war effort Lee would miss his skill on the battlefield and it lead to adrop in morale among southerners. Battle of Gettysburg After the Union defeat in Chancellorsville, Lee marched his armyNorth into PA It was rumored that many members of Lees army were looking fora stock of shoes near Gettysburg, PA What resulted was the 3-day Battle of Gettysburg, the greatestbattle ever fought in NA Day One July 1, 1863 The new Union General, George Meade, arrived
The two sides fought using a series of hills The Conf. Troops outnumbered the Union troops and Lee had agreat deal of confidence after Chancellorsville, so he orderedGen. Longstreet to attack on a Union stronghold the next day Day Two July 2, 1863 Longstreet didnt attack until 4 p.m., giving Meade time toprepare A group of brave Maine soldiers held off the Conf. Attackand the Union held the hill Losses at Gettysburg 23,000 of 85,000 Union soldiers were casualties
28,000 of 75,000 Conf. Soldiers were casualties the bloodiest battle of the Civil War Day Three July 3, 1863 Lee decided on a direct infantry charge against the center ofthe Union lines After 2 hours, the Union cannons stopped and Longstreetassumed they had destroyed the enemies guns and ordered acharge known as Picketts Charge Union soldiers resumed firing, killing at least half of theConf. Army and forcing them to surrender Gettysburg Address Lincolns 2nd Inaugural Address