the call for independence chapter 5 section 3 pages 149 - 152
TRANSCRIPT
The Call for The Call for IndependenceIndependence
Chapter 5 Chapter 5
Section 3Section 3
Pages 149 - 152Pages 149 - 152
Cast of CharactersCast of Characters
ToriesTories PatriotsPatriots Quakers, Quakers, Mennonites, Mennonites, MoraviansMoravians
RedcoatsRedcoats Council of Council of SafetySafety
Fence SittersFence Sitters
The 1.6 million people who lived in the The 1.6 million people who lived in the colonies could be divided into many colonies could be divided into many
distinctive groupsdistinctive groups
ToriesToriesAKA: Loyalists, British Royalists, AKA: Loyalists, British Royalists,
“King’s Friends”“King’s Friends”Individuals who were loyal to the King Individuals who were loyal to the King of Englandof England
Many Tories lived in GeorgiaMany Tories lived in GeorgiaBelieved that since the King founded the Believed that since the King founded the colonies and was financially supporting colonies and was financially supporting the colonies he had the right to rulethe colonies he had the right to rule
Many Tories had family that still lived Many Tories had family that still lived
in Great Britainin Great BritainTories believed that life under Patriot Tories believed that life under Patriot
rule would be extremely hardrule would be extremely hard
PatriotsPatriotsAKA: Whigs, Liberty Boys, Colonials, AKA: Whigs, Liberty Boys, Colonials,
Sons and Daughters of LibertySons and Daughters of Liberty
Citizens ready to cut ties with Citizens ready to cut ties with
Great BritainGreat Britain
The Liberty Boys were a part of The Liberty Boys were a part of
the Sons of Liberty, and their the Sons of Liberty, and their
daring acts represented the spirit daring acts represented the spirit
of the Revolutionof the Revolution
Noble Wimberly Jones was a PatriotNoble Wimberly Jones was a Patriot
Quakers, Mennonites, Quakers, Mennonites, MoraviansMoravians
Pacifist - A person who does not Pacifist - A person who does not believe in war or violence of believe in war or violence of any kindany kind
Had religious objections to warHad religious objections to warOften lived in isolated Often lived in isolated communities away from the citiescommunities away from the cities
RedcoatsRedcoatsAKA: LobsterbacksAKA: Lobsterbacks
British soldiers were the most British soldiers were the most
feared soldiers in the worldfeared soldiers in the worldSome were forced to fight against Some were forced to fight against
Patriot colonistsPatriot colonists
Got their name because of their red Got their name because of their red
uniformsuniforms
Council of SafetyCouncil of Safety
Set up by Georgia Patriots in 1775 Set up by Georgia Patriots in 1775
when the Provincial Congress voted when the Provincial Congress voted
to join the other colonies in a to join the other colonies in a
boycott of trade with Great Britainboycott of trade with Great Britain
Enforced the trade boycott against Enforced the trade boycott against
Great BritainGreat Britain
All of the colonies had similar All of the colonies had similar
groupsgroups
Fence sittersFence sitters
Didn’t want to choose the Didn’t want to choose the
losing sidelosing side
Would not commit to being Tory, Would not commit to being Tory,
Patriot or pacifistPatriot or pacifist
Worried about consequences of Worried about consequences of
the warthe war
Of the Tories, Patriots Of the Tories, Patriots or Pacifists, which of or Pacifists, which of these groups would you these groups would you
want to belong to? want to belong to? Why?Why?
Causes of the American Revolution
• The French and Indian War
• Taxes (Sugar Act, Tea Act, Etc.)
• Boston Massacre
• Boston Tea Party
• Intolerable Acts
• Provincial Congress Boycott
Sugar ActSugar Act
►Placed a tax on sugar and Placed a tax on sugar and
molasses imported from the West molasses imported from the West
IndiesIndies
►Passed April 5, 1764Passed April 5, 1764
►Georgia concerned because of Georgia concerned because of
trade ties with Jamaica and trade ties with Jamaica and
BarbadosBarbados
Passed in November, 1765Placed a tax on newspapers, legal documents and licenses
Gave the colonists a target for their rage
Sons of Liberty formed in response to this act
Stamp Act
Townshend ActTownshend Act Passed in 1767Passed in 1767
Placed import taxes on tea, Placed import taxes on tea,
paper, glass and coloring for paper, glass and coloring for
paintspaints
Many colonists stopped painting Many colonists stopped painting
their house to protest the their house to protest the
Townshend Act’s tax on paintTownshend Act’s tax on paint
Tea ActTea ActTea ActTea ActPassed in 1773 to help the failing Passed in 1773 to help the failing
East India CompanyEast India CompanyAllowed the East India Company to Allowed the East India Company to
ship tea directly to the colonies ship tea directly to the colonies Company sold tea for less than what Company sold tea for less than what
colonial merchants could sell it forcolonial merchants could sell it forPatriots dumped 342 chests Patriots dumped 342 chests
of tea into the Boston Bayof tea into the Boston Bay
◦““The Boston Tea PartyThe Boston Tea Party””
Quartering ActQuartering Act
►A final punishment from A final punishment from
ParliamentParliament
►Passed in 1774 in response to the Passed in 1774 in response to the
Boston Tea PartyBoston Tea Party
►Colonists had to house and feed Colonists had to house and feed
British soldiers at their own British soldiers at their own
expense expense
Intolerable ActsIntolerable Acts Quartering Act put British soldiers in Quartering Act put British soldiers in the homes of ordinary coloniststhe homes of ordinary colonists
The Closing of Boston Harbor cut the The Closing of Boston Harbor cut the city off from valuable trade goodscity off from valuable trade goods
Town meetings couldn’t be held without Town meetings couldn’t be held without the colonial governor’s permissionthe colonial governor’s permission
British officials that committed British officials that committed capital crimes (murder) were tried in capital crimes (murder) were tried in Britain instead of the coloniesBritain instead of the colonies
Colonial ResponseColonial Response On September 5, 1774 all of the On September 5, 1774 all of the colonies (except Georgia) sent colonies (except Georgia) sent representatives to the Continental representatives to the Continental CongressCongress
The Congress gathered to respond The Congress gathered to respond to the Intolerable Actsto the Intolerable Acts One group wanted to seek Independence One group wanted to seek Independence from Great Britainfrom Great Britain
Another group wanted to make changes, Another group wanted to make changes, but still remain under British rulebut still remain under British rule
The Congress’ DecisionThe Congress’ Decision
After much debate, the After much debate, the Continental Congress agreed to Continental Congress agreed to stop all trade with Great Britainstop all trade with Great Britain
Committees of Safety were Committees of Safety were established to enforce the trade established to enforce the trade boycottboycott
The work of the Continental The work of the Continental Congress was considered treason Congress was considered treason and punishable by deathand punishable by death
Georgia’s ResponseGeorgia’s Response Georgia did not send a Georgia did not send a representative to the Continental representative to the Continental Congress, but issued their own Congress, but issued their own reaction to the Intolerable Acts in reaction to the Intolerable Acts in August 1774August 1774
Georgia issued a resolution saying Georgia issued a resolution saying that the Intolerable Acts violated that the Intolerable Acts violated their rights as Englishmantheir rights as Englishman
Georgia held its own Provincial Georgia held its own Provincial Congress in January 1775, but it Congress in January 1775, but it ended with no major outcomesended with no major outcomes
QUIZQUIZ
ToriesTories PatriotsPatriots Quakers, Mennonites, MoraviansQuakers, Mennonites, Moravians RedcoatsRedcoats Council of SafetyCouncil of Safety Fence sittersFence sitters Sugar ActSugar Act Stamp ActStamp Act Townshend ActTownshend Act Tea ActTea Act Quartering ActQuartering Act