Reading

Reading

tulip

rose

peony

Strawberry

lemon

Sun flower

lily

Peony

tulip

rose

Sun flower

Science of studying plantsis called botany

Fast reading

How many botanical scientists are mentioned in the passage?

What is the relationship between them?

Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778)The father of modern plant

and animal classification

• Solander, Daniel (1733 - 1782)

Born in Sweden, on 19 February 1733, died in London,

England, on 16 May 1782.

“ 太平洋植物学之父”

• Sir Joseph Banks, (1743-1820) • Naturalist （自然主义者） and patr

on （资助人） of science• born in 1743, the only son of a wea

lthy land-owning family.

Carl Linnaeus

Daniel SolanderA student of Carl

Joseph BanksA friend of Daniel

the founder of botanical classification

Daniel and Joseph developed the theory of Carl Linnaeus

James CookBoth of them joined the expedition to Oceania

led by Captain James Cook

teacher

student

Analysis of the text

Part1.(1-2)

The classification of plant species and Linnaeus’ system.

What Joseph Banks did to the development of botany.

Part2.(3-7)

Part 1.

1. When did botany become a special science?After the eighteenth century.2.What is the difference between Linnaeus’ system and

that of the other scientists?In Linnaeus’ system, the identification of different species was based on the arrangement of the male and female organs in the flowers, while the other scientists classified plants into herbs and trees, according to the shape of the fruit, or whether they had flowers or not.

• Until then, mostly doctors and surgeons studied herbs.(Para1 P30)

• mostly 主要地 , 大部分地• We mostly rely on our friends to help us with our study.• 比较 :mostly/most/a most• mostly adv. 相当于 mainly,” 主要地 , 大部分地”• most 作副词修饰最高级时在前面加定冠词 the; 作形容词时意

思为”大多数的” , 作代词时是”大多数”• a most 表示”一个非常…的”•group (v.)• The children group round the piano. ( )• We can group animals into several types.( )

集合

类集

Attempts had been made by others to classify plant species into groups.make attempts / an attempt to do sth. 打算 ; 试图

She made an attempt to cook the dinner.

at (doing) sth

The prisoners made no attempt at escaping.

.…although they are different at first sight.(Para1)

• at first sight 第一眼 , 乍一看• at sight of 看到 ( 介短 )• catch sight of 看到 ( 动词短语 )• in sight 可见 , 看得见 ; 在望 , 不远• out of sight 看不到 , 在视野之外• lose sight of 看不到 , 失去信息 ; 失去联系While searching the mountain for a missing pilot, they __some signs of a man’s footprints.

A. in sight B. lose sight of

C. at first sight D. caught sight of

D

develop vt., vi.1) 发展；壮大；完善；生长Plants develop from seeds 植物由种子发育成。

3) 详细地说明一个概念 to develop an idea2) 显影；冲洗 develop a photograph 冲洗照片

4)develop a taste for opera

develop a friendship.With hard work, she developed into a great writer.

培养对歌剧的鉴赏力；

经过艰苦地工作，她成为一位伟大的作家

发展友谊

Para 3:

Para 3:1.Born into a life of privilege, Banks was the son of a wealthy family.

be born into: 出生于…Mary was born into a wealthy family.

be born + n/adj 生来就是…天生…All men were born the same and equal.

privilegeNowadays there is less privilege and more of an equal chance in life for everyone.

Para 3:3. Many young men in his position would lead a cosy life.

1) the situation that someone is in He is satisfied with his position. I’m not sure what I should do if I were

in his position.2) the way sb sits/stands Sit in an uncomfortable position3) level or rank in a society They were men of the highest position in England.

Despite his wealth, he worked to make a career in science.despite + 名 / 代 /ving 介词 “尽管 ( 有某种情况 )”He came to the meeting despite his serious illness. = He came to the meeting in spite of his serious illness. = Though/ although he was seriously ill, he came to meeting .

= Seriously ill as he was, he came to …

Para. 4

1. How many voyages did James Cook make?

2. What were the goals of James Cook’s first

voyage around the world?

1)To study the passing of the planet Venus across the sun.

2) To classify and describe all plant and animal life observed during the trip.

3) To search for the unknown southern continent

• appoint : choose and name• appoint sth for sth ．指定，确定．．日期• appoint sb to do sth 　委派某人去干什么• as 委派某人作为……• He was appointed ambassador.• You should come at the appointed time.• appointee(n) 被任命者 • appointive(adj) 任命的，委任的• appointment(n) 任命，选派• make/fix an appointment with sb• 　　与某人约定，约会