the basics of what you need to know about…. tissue damage & cell death caused by: heat,...
TRANSCRIPT
SKIN CANCER & BURNS
The Basics of What You Need to Know About…
WHAT IS A BURN?
Tissue damage & cell death Caused by:
Heat, electricity, UV radiation, chemicals, etc.
HOMEOSTATIC PROBLEM:
the body loses fluid supply – electrolyte imbalance and ___dehydration______ follow; fluids must be replaced immediately!
RULE OF NINES
RULE OF NINES
method used to determine the ___volume_ of fluid lost.
This method divides the body into __11___ areas and each area accounts for___9___ percent of the total body SURFACE AREA.
- BOTH the anterior and posterior head
and neck is estimated as ___9___% of body.
CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS:
CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS:
First-degree burn: only the _epidermis____ is damaged.
What is usually considered a first degree burn? ____sunburn_________
CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS:
Second-degree burn: the _____epidermis___ & upper ___dermis______ are damaged.
What is the appearance of the skin? _____red and *blisters__
Can regeneration of the
epithelium occur? ____yes (some epithelium still present)_______
CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS:
Third-degree burn: destroys: ___entire thickness of skin_______
These burns are referred to as ___FULL thickness burns_____.
* Skin grafts are necessary because ____regeneration_____ is no longer a possibility.
SKIN CANCER
BENIGN vs. MALIGNANT Cancerous skin tumors that do spread
and invade other body areas are ____malignant_______.
** BIGGEST RISK FACTOR FOR SKIN CANCER IS
_____overexposure to UV radiation______.
3 TYPES OF SKIN CANCER:
1) ___Basal cell carcinoma____ Least ___malignant_____/ most
common type. Cells of the stratum _basale_cannot
form __keratin__. No longer is a boundary between
_____epidermis_______ and ____dermis______.
3 TYPES OF SKIN CANCER:
2) ___Squamous cell carcinoma____ Arises from the cells of stratum
____spinosum________. This epidermal cancer is also believed
to be _sun_ - induced.
3 TYPES OF SKIN CANCER:
3) ______malignant melanoma__________ Cancer of PIGMENT PRODUCING CELLS or
***_____melanocytes_________***. About _ 5_ % of skin cancers are this type. Melanoma can begin wherever there is
____pigment______; some cancers develop from pigmented __moles_____.
Often deadly; chance for survival is about _50_%.
Early detection is key!
ABCD(E) Rule
* Used to examine spot of high pigment or moles Early detection of ___skin cancer______!
A ___asymmetry______ two sides do not look the same
B ___border irregularity______ indentations are visible – not smooth
C ___color_______ blacks, tans, browns – sometimes reds and blues
D ___diameter_____ larger than the size of a pencil eraser – 6 mm
E (recently added) evolving / changes over time
