the axial muscles martini, anatomy and physiology 9 th edition, chapter 11 - the axial muscles...
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THE AXIAL MUSCLESTHE AXIAL MUSCLES
MARTINI, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 9MARTINI, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 9THTH EDITION, EDITION, CHAPTER 11 - CHAPTER 11 - Exercises # 14,15 Pages # 165,179
Competency 5:Competency 5: The Muscular System The Muscular System
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to understand the gross and microscopic anatomy of muscles and their physiology by:
Identifying the muscles of the axial region, and their actions.
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NOTE:NOTE:
THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE, NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE REVIEW.
THERE MIGHT BE THINGS NOT COVERED BY THIS STUDY GUIDE THAT MIGHT BE ASKED IN YOUR PRACTICUMS /
QUIZZES.
STUDENTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR READING THEIR TEXBOOK (S) AND FOR ALL THE MATERIAL COVERED DURING THE LABORATORY PERIOD, AS PER THE COURSE SYLLABUS
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Muscles of head & neckMuscles of the pectoral girdle (anterior view)
Muscles that move armsMuscles of the respirationMuscles of the abdomen
Muscles of the pectoral girdle (posterior view)Muscles of the vertebral column
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HEAD & NECKHEAD & NECKSCALP- FRONTALIS- TO RISE EYEBROWS TO WRINKLE FOREHEAD
OCCIPITALIS- TO TENSE &TO RETRACT THE SCALP
EYE- ORBICULARIS OCCULI- TO CLOSE THE EYE
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MOUTH- ZYGOMATICUS- MINOR (TOP) & MAYOR (BOTTOM) F- TO RETRACT & TO ELEVATE CORNER OF THE MOUTH (SEE MANDIBLE) RISORIUS- TO DRAW THE CORNER OF THE MOUTH TO THE SIDE DEPRESSOR ANGULI ORIS (TRIANGULARIS)- F- TO DEPRESS CORNER OF THE MOUTH ORBICULARIS ORIS- TO COMPRESS & TO PURSE THE LIPS
MENTALIS- TO ELEVATE & TO PROTRUDE LOWER LIP
BUCCINATOR- TO COMPRESS CHEEKS
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MASTICATION- MASSETER- TO ELEVATE MANDIBLE (SEE
MANDIBLE) TEMPORALIS- TO ELEVATE MANDIBLE
PTERIGOID MEDIAL- TO ELEVATE MANDIBLE TO CLOSE THE JAW.
(SEE MANDIBLE)
PTERIGOID LATERAL- TO OPEN THE MOUTH & TO PROTRUDE
THE MANDIBLE. (SEE MANDIBLE)
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Axial MusculatureSix Extrinsic Eye Muscles (Extra ocular)
– Inferior rectus
– Medial rectus
– Superior rectus
– Lateral rectus
– Inferior oblique
– Superior oblique
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NECK PLATISMA- TO TENSE THE SKIN OF
NECK & TO DEPRESS THE MANDIBLE
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID- TOGETHER- TO FLEX THE NECK ALONE- TO BEND THE HEAD TOWARD
SHOULDER TO TURN FACE TO OPPOSITE SIDE
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MUSCLES OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLEMUSCLES OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLEANTERIOR VIEWANTERIOR VIEW
SERRATUS ANTERIOR- TO PROTRACT SHOULDER &
TO ROTATE THE SCAPULA (UPWARD ROTATION)
PECTORALIS MINOR- TO DEPRESS
& PROTRACT SCAPULA
(SHOULDER) DELTOID- TO ABDUCT THE ARM
PECTORALIS- MAJOR- TO FLEX & TO ADDUCT THE ARM
& MEDIAL ROTATION OF SHOULDER
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RESPIRATION DIAPHRAGM- MAJOR MUSCLE OF RESPIRATION EXPANDS THORACIC CAVITY TO CAUSE BREATHING IT SEPARATES THE THORACIC AND ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITIES INTERCOSTAL EXTERNAL- TO ELEVATE RIBS DURING INHALATION
INTERCOSTAL INTERNAL- TO DEPRESS RIBS DURING FORCED EXHALATION
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ABDOMEN RECTUS ABDOMINIS- TO FLEX VERTEBRAL COLUMN
TO DEPRESS RIBS EXTERNAL OBLIQUE- TO FLEX SPINE & TO COMPRESS
ABDOMEN TO DEPRESS RIBS INTERNAL OBLIQUE- SAME AS ABOVE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS- TO COMPRESS ABDOMEN
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MUSCLES OF THEMUSCLES OF THE PELVIC FLOORPELVIC FLOOR
UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM DEEP TRANSVERSE PERINEAL MUSCLE: STABILIZES CENTRAL TENDON OF PERINEUM EXTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER: CLOSES URETHRA PELVIC DIAPHRAGM COCCYGEOUS: FLEXES COCCYGEAL JOINTS, TENSES & SUPPORTS PELVIC FLOOR LEVATOR ANI (from external to internal) ILEOCOCCYGEOUS: TENSES FLOOR OF PELVIS, FLEXES COCCYGEAL JOINTS, ELEVATES & RETRACTS ANUS PUBOCOCCYGEOUS: AS ABOVE SUPERFICIAL TRANSVERSE PERINEAL: STABILIZES CENTRAL TENDON OF PERINEUM EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER: CLOSES ANAL OPENING
MARTINI, Pg- 349
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POSTERIOR VIEWPOSTERIOR VIEW PECTORAL GIRDLE TRAPEZIUS- TO ELEVATE, DEPRESS & RETRACT SCAPULA TO ROTATE SCAPULA UPWARD TO ELEVATE CLAVICLE & TO EXTEND THE NECK RHOMBOIDS- (MAJOR & MINOR) TO ADDUCT SCAPULA & DOWNWARD ROTATION MOVE ARM LATISSIMUS DORSI- TO EXTEND, TO ADDUCT MEDIAL ROTATION OF SHOULDER INFRASPINATUS- LATERAL ROTATION OF SHOULDER TERES MINOR- SAME AS ABOVE TERES MAJOR- TO EXTEND, ADDUCT & MEDIAL ROTATION OF SHOULDER SUPRASPINATUS- TO ABDUCT THE SHOULDER
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Infraspinatus
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VERTEBRAL COLUMN ERECTOR SPINAE- TO EXTEND THE SPINE
SPLENIUS CAPITIS- TOGETHER TO EXTEND THE NECK ALONE- TO ROTATE & FLEX THE NECK
SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS- TOGETHER TO EXTEND THE NECK ALONE- TO EXTEND & FLEX THE NECK
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Infraspinatus
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REMEMBER!REMEMBER!
GO TO THE TUTORING ROOMGO TO THE TUTORING ROOMAND PRACTICE WITH MODELSAND PRACTICE WITH MODELS
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