The Atomic Bombing of The Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and NagasakiHiroshima and Nagasaki

By:By: Harvinderpal,Justin and Harvinderpal,Justin and KyleKyle

Root cause of bombingRoot cause of bombing

Motivation for the Bombing.Motivation for the Bombing. 1. To stop the plan called Operation 1. To stop the plan called Operation

Downfall, a planned attack on the Downfall, a planned attack on the U.S.U.S.

2.To prevent mass casualties 2.To prevent mass casualties resulting from the planned invasion resulting from the planned invasion of the Japanese mainland. of the Japanese mainland.

3. To prevent the war from going on 3. To prevent the war from going on any longer.any longer.

Reasons not to bombReasons not to bomb

• Many people didn’t want us to use the Many people didn’t want us to use the bomb.bomb.

• 1. Ethical consideration that the act of 1. Ethical consideration that the act of bombing civilians may be considered a bombing civilians may be considered a war crime.war crime.

• 2. Use of bombs may not serve intended 2. Use of bombs may not serve intended purpose. Japan may still refuse to purpose. Japan may still refuse to surrender.surrender.

Important PeopleImportant People

Albert Einstein was a critic Albert Einstein was a critic of the bombing and was of the bombing and was against it. He sent a letter against it. He sent a letter to the president saying that to the president saying that the bombs weren’t the bombs weren’t necessary.necessary.

Important PeopleImportant People

Leo Szilard is one of the many people Leo Szilard is one of the many people against the bombing of Hiroshima against the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.and Nagasaki.

Important PeopleImportant People

Peter Kuznick was the director of the Peter Kuznick was the director of the Nuclear Studies Institute at American Nuclear Studies Institute at American University. He said to the president: University. He said to the president: ”He”He knew he was beginning the process of knew he was beginning the process of annihilation of the species. It was not just annihilation of the species. It was not just a war crime; it was a crime against a war crime; it was a crime against humanity."humanity."

Maps of the devastation and Maps of the devastation and the weapon that caused itthe weapon that caused it

First Atomic Bomb

Format of the First Atomic Bomb

DetailsDetails

The Americans decided to bomb Japan The Americans decided to bomb Japan with the Atomic bombs to avoid being with the Atomic bombs to avoid being attacked and to protect lives of American attacked and to protect lives of American soldiers. It is estimated half of our men, a soldiers. It is estimated half of our men, a number approaching about half a million number approaching about half a million people, would have died invading Japan.people, would have died invading Japan.

There were no good solutions to end the There were no good solutions to end the war, given Japan’s willingness to accept a war, given Japan’s willingness to accept a tremendous amount of casualties in tremendous amount of casualties in continuing their war efforts.continuing their war efforts.

In the endIn the end

At the end of the bombing, more than At the end of the bombing, more than 220,000 people died from both bombs 220,000 people died from both bombs (The “Little boy” killed 140,000 people in (The “Little boy” killed 140,000 people in Hiroshima and the “Fat man” killed 80,000 Hiroshima and the “Fat man” killed 80,000 people).people).

The Japanese surrendered six days later.The Japanese surrendered six days later.

Time LineTime Line

1. August 81. August 8thth, 1945, leaflets dropped to warn , 1945, leaflets dropped to warn of next bombing unless the Japanese of next bombing unless the Japanese accepted their requests.accepted their requests.

2. August 92. August 9thth, Soviet Military declare war on , Soviet Military declare war on Japan.Japan.

3. August 93. August 9thth, the “Fat man” bomb carried to , the “Fat man” bomb carried to Nagasaki and dropped by U.S. B-29 Nagasaki and dropped by U.S. B-29 Superfortress Superfortress Bockscar.Bockscar.

4.4. August 14, Japan surrenders and ends the August 14, Japan surrenders and ends the war.war.

HiroshimaHiroshima

A city in Japan that was the primary A city in Japan that was the primary source for the bombing with the source for the bombing with the “Little man”.“Little man”.

The bomb did 1.38% of material The bomb did 1.38% of material fissioning. 90% of the buildings were fissioning. 90% of the buildings were damaged or completely destroyed. damaged or completely destroyed.

NagasakiNagasaki

The largest seaport in Japan and very The largest seaport in Japan and very important during the war.important during the war.

The primary target was Kokura and The primary target was Kokura and Nagasaki as a secondary.Nagasaki as a secondary.

The bombs temperature was 3900 The bombs temperature was 3900 degrees Celsius (7000 degrees degrees Celsius (7000 degrees Fahrenheit). Fahrenheit).

Hirohito’s speechHirohito’s speech Moreover, the enemy now possesses a new and Moreover, the enemy now possesses a new and

terrible weapon with the power to destroy many terrible weapon with the power to destroy many innocent lives and do incalculable damage. Should innocent lives and do incalculable damage. Should we continue to fight, not only would it result in an we continue to fight, not only would it result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization. Such being the case, how are of human civilization. Such being the case, how are We to save the millions of Our subjects, or to atone We to save the millions of Our subjects, or to atone Ourselves before the hallowed spirits of Our Imperial Ourselves before the hallowed spirits of Our Imperial Ancestors? This is the reason why We have ordered Ancestors? This is the reason why We have ordered the acceptance of the provisions of the Joint the acceptance of the provisions of the Joint Declaration of the Powers.Declaration of the Powers.

That speech was released on the radio and ended That speech was released on the radio and ended the invasion and the war.the invasion and the war.

The Unexpected The Unexpected

When we bombed Japan, we didn’t know of who When we bombed Japan, we didn’t know of who (besides the Japanese) was there.(besides the Japanese) was there.

We killed:We killed: Allied POWs.Allied POWs. Korean and Chinese laborers.Korean and Chinese laborers. Malaya students on scholarships.Malaya students on scholarships. 3,200 Japanese Americans citizens.3,200 Japanese Americans citizens.

Citied SourcesCitied Sources• http://www.atomicarchive.com/Maps/Images/http://www.atomicarchive.com/Maps/Images/

Nagasaki.gifNagasaki.gif

• http://www.atomicarchive.com/Maps/Images/http://www.atomicarchive.com/Maps/Images/Hiroshima.gifHiroshima.gif

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debate_over_the_atomic_bombings_of_HiroshimaDebate_over_the_atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki_and_Nagasaki

• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Albert_Einstein_Head.jpgd/d3/Albert_Einstein_Head.jpg