The American The American RevolutionRevolution

Chapter 6Chapter 6

Colonist who warned the Colonist who warned the minutemen that British minutemen that British troops were marching troops were marching toward Concordtoward Concord

Some members of colonial Some members of colonial militias were known asmilitias were known as

The colonists’ ability to withstand an assault by the British army was proved at the

crossed Lake Champlain crossed Lake Champlain from Vermont and at dawn from Vermont and at dawn surprised and captured the surprised and captured the sleeping garrison at Fort sleeping garrison at Fort Ticonderoga.Ticonderoga.

A 50 page pamphlet that A 50 page pamphlet that argued in clear and argued in clear and forceful language that forceful language that the time had come for the time had come for the colonists to declare the colonists to declare

their independencetheir independence..

supported the supported the British,British,

supported supported independence.independence.

British ruler who rejected British ruler who rejected the Olive Branch Petitionthe Olive Branch Petition

Person appointed Person appointed commander of the commander of the Continental ArmyContinental Army

military blockade of a city or fort

General Washington successfully used the tactic of surprise at the battles of

December 26, 1776, battle between Hessians and Patriot forces

hired foreign soldiers hired foreign soldiers who fight in a warwho fight in a war

One important advantage that the colonists had over the British was

The primary author of the The primary author of the Declaration of Declaration of IndependenceIndependence

While this general waited for While this general waited for two other British armies to two other British armies to arrive in the Hudson Valley, arrive in the Hudson Valley, his supplies were dwindling, his supplies were dwindling, the morale of his men was the morale of his men was shrinking, and winter was fast shrinking, and winter was fast approaching.approaching.

the French formally the French formally declared their support for declared their support for the Patriot cause after this the Patriot cause after this battlebattle

a young Frenchman who a young Frenchman who spoke little English spoke little English arrived in the United arrived in the United States to help the States to help the colonists battle the colonists battle the British.British.

After the American victory at Saratoga, the British shifted their focus more toward the

After the southern army After the southern army was destroyed, the was destroyed, the Patriots relied on swift Patriots relied on swift attacks calledattacks called

order issued by the order issued by the royal governor of royal governor of Virginia offering Virginia offering freedom to any slave freedom to any slave who would fight for the who would fight for the BritishBritish

The Swamp Fox was a name given to the guerrilla leader

The decision in her case The decision in her case was the basis for freedom was the basis for freedom of the few slaves remaining of the few slaves remaining in Massachusetts.in Massachusetts.

She came down with a She came down with a fever and was sent to a fever and was sent to a hospital where doctors hospital where doctors discovered the soldier was discovered the soldier was a woman.a woman.

Tradition has it that he would Tradition has it that he would attempt to convey his orders with attempt to convey his orders with sign language when confusion over sign language when confusion over his lack of English ensued. When that his lack of English ensued. When that did not work, he would curse and did not work, he would curse and swear in German and French while swear in German and French while drilling soldiersdrilling soldiers

Furthermore, he is also the namesake for numerous statutes, Furthermore, he is also the namesake for numerous statutes, bridges, streets and parks across the United States and the bridges, streets and parks across the United States and the world. Not to mention in Poland where every major town has a world. Not to mention in Poland where every major town has a street or a square named after him.street or a square named after him.

Gen. George Washington put him in Gen. George Washington put him in charge of military engineering works charge of military engineering works at West Point along the Hudson at West Point along the Hudson River. For 28 months, he planned River. For 28 months, he planned and built permanent fortifications at and built permanent fortifications at West Point, and was so successful West Point, and was so successful that the British never attacked.that the British never attacked.

He knew that his best chance of He knew that his best chance of success was to strike first by success was to strike first by surprise. Within a month he had surprise. Within a month he had captured all four British forts in the captured all four British forts in the lower Mississippi including Baton lower Mississippi including Baton Rouge and Natchez. He captured 550 Rouge and Natchez. He captured 550 enemy soldiers and two naval enemy soldiers and two naval vessels, one of which was captured vessels, one of which was captured from land. from land.

led a small force of led a small force of frontiersmen through the frontiersmen through the freezing waters of the freezing waters of the Illinois country to capture Illinois country to capture British-held Forts at British-held Forts at Kaskaskia and VincennesKaskaskia and Vincennes

more than one fifth of Washington’s troops died of disease and malnutrition at

Surrendered his troops at Surrendered his troops at Yorktown, Virginia to the Yorktown, Virginia to the combined forces of combined forces of America and France.America and France.

In the fall of 1781, General George In the fall of 1781, General George Washington, with allied American Washington, with allied American and French forces, besieged General and French forces, besieged General Charles Lord Cornwallis’s British Charles Lord Cornwallis’s British army at this Virginia tobacco port.army at this Virginia tobacco port.

The national borders of the United States were laid out in