• The 3 Basic Components of the Cell The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory :Theory :

• 1. All organisms are composed of one 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. (Schleiden & Schwann)or more cells. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39)(1838-39)

• 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. (Schleiden & Schwann)living things. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39)(1838-39)

• 3. All cells are produced by the 3. All cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells. (Virchow)division of preexisting cells. (Virchow)(1858)(1858)

Modern Cell Theory contains 4 statements, in addition to the original Cell Theory:

1. The cell contains hereditary information(DNA) which is passed on from cell to cell during cell division.

2. All cells are basically the same in chemical composition and metabolic activities.

3. All basic chemical & physiological functions are carried out inside the cells.(movement, digestion, etc)

4. Cell activity depends on the activities of sub-cellular structures within the cell(organelles, nucleus, plasma membrane)

Organelle= “little organ”

Membrane bound only inside eukaryotic cells

Cytoplasm – Jelly-like substance inside the cell where all other organelles are suspended. Allows for movement of substances

Boundary of the cell: Semi-permiable (maintains Homeostasis/Equilibrium)

Made of a phospholipid bilayer

Found in plant and bacterial cells

Rigid, protective barrier – gives cell shape

Located outside of the cell membrane

Made of cellulose (fiber)

“Control Center” of the cell – controls all functions in the cell (the cell’s brain)

Contains DNA Surrounded by a

double membrane

“Powerhouse of the cell”

Cellular respiration occurs releasing energy for the cell to use

Bound by a double membrane

Has its own strand of DNA

Found only in plant cells

Contains the green pigment chlorophyll which captures solar(radiant) energy for photosynthesis

Site of food (glucose) production

Bound by a double membrane

Large central vacuole usually in plant cells

Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells

Storage container for water, food, enzymes, wastes, pigments, etc.

Garbage disposal of the cell

Contain digestive enzymes that break down wastes