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TETRA RELEASE 2

Dr. M. NouriNew Technologies Senior Manager

Marconi Mobile

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Agenda

1. TETRA 2 Terms of Reference.

2. TETRA 2 Organization and Work Plan.

3. User Requirements for High Speed Data(HSD).

4. Technologies for HSD (TAPS and TEDS).

5. Codec Issues.

6. Air Interface Enhancements.

7. Conclusions.

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Rationale for TETRA Release 2

To provide TETRA community with emerging wide-band multi-media services.

To prolong the life cycle of TETRA technology.To provide an upgrade path to TETRA 1 users.To provide inter-working with new public mobile networks

(2.5G / 3G).To ensure future proof investment to TETRA users.Glean benefits of new technology deployments.

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EP TETRA Revised Terms of Referenceapproved at Board#28

To provide packet data at much higher speeds than are available in the current standard.

To select and standardize additional speech codec(s). To further enhance the TETRA air interface standard. To produce and/or adopt standards to provide improved

interworking and roaming between TETRA and public mobile networks.

To evolve the TETRA SIM. To extend the operating range of TETRA. To provide new ETSI deliverables in order to support further

user/market driven requirements that may be identified. To ensure full backward compatibility and integration with

existing TETRA standards.

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ETSI Project TETRA Organisation October 2002

EPTChairman

WG8DMO

WG3TMOSIMPEI

WG1User WG4

HSDWG5

VocodersWG6

Security

EPTVice

Chairman

RegulatorySpectrumLiaison

ETSISupport

ETSI

TETRAMoU

Liaison

EPTChairman

WG8DMO

WG3TMO

SIMPEI

WG1User

Requirements

WG4HSD

WG5Vocoders

WG6Security

EPTVice

Chairman

RegulatorySpectrumLiaison

ETSISupport

ETSITechnical

officer TETRAMoU

Liaison

ITU, CEPT, ETSI

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TETRA Release 2 is a three year work programme.

The latest work schedule was agreed by EPT in March 2002.

The services of experts in a Specialist Task Force (STF) are used in the completion of this programme.

TETRA Release 2 Work Programme

TETRA Advanced Packet Service (TAPS)

TETRA Enhanced Data Service (TEDS)

Additional Codec(s)

SIM evolution

Interworking/Roaming with mobile networks

Air Interface Enhancements

Harmonised Standards

Release 2 Deliverables Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

2001 2002 2003

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User Requirements Specifications (URSs)

Responsibility of EPT Working Group 1 (EPT-WG1).Early Trends: Telecomms Boom. Need to Closely Monitor the Market.EPT-WG1/MoU Questionnaire.WG1/WG4 HSD User Workshop.Set of Revised User Requirement Specifications.Results.Continuous Interaction with Technical Working Groups.

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Need to Closely Monitor the Market

Recent developments in the PAMR market have raised the question about validity of the current URS.

WG1 was tasked by the EPT Management Committee:

to closely follow market developments

to continuously evaluate their potential impact on R2 URSs

to revalidate URS as soon as a significant change is detected.

Success of Release 2 depends on close monitoring of mobile comms. market + ability to swiftly reflect any significant change into the URS.

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Market Questionnaire - how to go about it?

Target audience both current and prospective TETRA users.

Distributed by ETSI Project TETRA and TETRA MoU.

Confidentiality to respondents was assured.

More than half of Questionnaire dealt with the High Speed Data (HSD).

Additional explanatory notes were designed to minimise possible ambiguities.

Respondents asked to prioritise requirements by the imaginary monetary spend of 100 units.

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The Results - Example: High Speed Data

Mandatory requirements:

Backward compatibility

Service flexibility

Security compatibility

As marketable as Release 1.

Other important requirements:

Ease of Infrastructure upgrade

Minimal need for extra B/Ss

Flexible upgrade to 400kbps

Efficient use of spectrum

Ease of MS upgrade.

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Two Track Standardisation

TETRA RELEASE 2TETRA RELEASE 2

TAPSTAPS TEDSTEDS

• TETRA Advanced Packet Service• An Overlay network• Based on the E-GPRS technology• Standardisation drafting completed• Designed for PAMR market

• TETRA Enhanced Data Service• Full Compatibility with TETRA 1• Allows migration from TETRA 1• Standardisation in progress• 5 technologies proposed initially• Designed for all TETRA market • sectors

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TAPS Architecture & Interfaces

External Packet Data NetworksExternal Packet Data Networks

GSM/E-GPRS

GSM/E-GPRS

TETRAV+D

TETRAV+D

Gi GiGi

ISI(Gr)

IPI(Gp)

Gp

Gr

TAPS OVERLAY

Gi, Gp & Gr: standard interfaces used in E-GPRS networks

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TAPS Status

ETSI has approved: Technical & European Standards, Standard Guide, Test Purposes.

SRD being progressed through ERM – depending on results of co-existence work in CEPT.

CHS is in problem resolution – public enquiry complete with comments received.

Various issues being worked with GERAN such as co-existence and maintenance. GERAN has agreed to look after TAPS maintenance.

TAPS Integration on hold until issues with TAPS initial release resolved, user requirements agreed, and TEDS no longer fully occupies WG4.

TAPS was largely completed in 2001 after a year of intense effort.

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Developments in TEDS Standardisation

A review of the User Requirements to reflect changing market conditions and resolve conflicting issues.

A TETRA Release 2 User Workshop was jointly organised with WG1 resulting in:

Most applications in early systems will be satisfied with a 50 to 80 kbit/s user rate

Minimum of 50 kbit/s shall be available at the edge of the coverage

Adaptive technology and higher data rate should also be provided by the selected technology for future proofing

Need for simultaneous voice and HSD operation with priority for voice if required

1W maximum transmit power for handsets and possibly 3W maximum for vehicular radio.

Technology submissions were revised taking these factors into account.

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TEDS Technology Solution

In July 4 this year WG4 reached a consensus on a technology solution.

This was based on a compromise solution agreed by six companies who had submitted technology proposals.

WG4 then raised a Work Plan for the remaining standardisation issues:

Remainder of the physical layerHigher layer protocolsAdaptive usage of system resources.

This plan makes as much use of existing TETRA 1 standard as possible to ensure backward compatibility (e.g. use of TETRA1 control channel).

WG4 has set a goal of completing TEDS standardisation by December 2003.

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Selected Technology Parameters (1)

Multi-carrier platform with TDMA carriers.Adaptive selection of carriers, modulation and coding

according to propagation conditions.Agreed modulation schemes:

4 QAM for efficient links at edge of coverage16 QAM for moderate speeds64 QAM for high speed/4 DQPSK for common control channelD8PSK for early migration requiring modest increase in speed

Optimised channel coding is under offer for the STF 179 work.

Carrier bandwidths: 25, 50, 100 and 150 kHz.

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Selected Technology Parameters (2)

Pilot symbol used for channel estimation.Full and half slot sizes:

14.176 ms for 25 kHz and possibly 50 kHz with low level modulation,

7.08 ms for higher bandwidth carriers and higher level modulations.

Each QAM carrier is composed of a number of sub-carriers at base-band.

Gross bit rates ranging from 54 kbit/s (8PSK in 25 kHz) to 864 kbit/s (64 QAM in 150 kHz).

Expected user bit rates in the region of 30 to 400 kbit/sTETRA 1 higher layer protocols to be adapted for TEDS.

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Codecs: Initial Achievements

WG5 has identified a list of potential codec candidates meeting the URS issued by WG1 for TETRA2. This list includes the 3GPP/GSM AMR Codec (@4.75 kbit/s), the ITU 4 kbit/s, and NATO codec.

As part of it's work, WG5 considers that at the moment the only codec which is mature enough to address WG1's user requirements for TETRA2 is the 3GPP/GSM AMR Codec (@4.75 kbit/s).

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Comparison of the URS with the Codec Technologies

Item type Description ITU4kbit/s

AMR NATO 2.4kbit/s

1 M(high)

<= TETRA 1 delay Y Y ?

2 M(high)

Improved voicequality

Y Y(4.75kbit/s)

Unknown

3 O (M/L) >= Backgroundnoise immunity

Unknown Y Unknown

4 M(high)

Transcoder freeinteroperationwith GSM/UMTS

N Y N

5 O (M/L) Transcoder freeinteroperationwith low bit ratecodec

N N Y

6 Expectedavailability

2003 (std) Now (std)2003 (eqpt)

2002 (std)2005+ (eqpt)

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TETRA in 3G Era

TETRAInfrastructure

TETRAInfrastructure

Gateway

TAPSAccessTAPS

Access

ServiceNodes

ServiceNodes

Customer Care BillingCustomer

Care Billing

GSMAccessGSM

Access

NetworkManagement

NetworkManagement

UMTS Core NetworkTransit Layer

UMTS Core NetworkTransit Layer

NetworkManagement

NetworkManagement

TETRA1+TEDSAccess

TETRA1+TEDSAccess

TETRA1AccessTETRA1Access

UMTSAccessUMTS

Access

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EP TETRA (EPT) formed a special work group called TG23

TETRA Release 2, Air Interface Enhancements

Participants were mainly from working groups:• EPT WG1 ”User requirements”

• EPT WG2 ”Radio aspects”

• EPT WG3 ”Networking aspects”.

1. Improving spectrum efficiency, capacity, and system

performance. • Improved hand-over

• Hierarchical cell structures

• Frequency hopping and fractional loading.

:Work was subdivided into 4 enhancement packages:

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TETRA Release 2, Air Interface Enhancements (contd.)

2. Improving terminal characteristics:Improved battery life:

• Energy economy mode• Discontinuous transmission• Open and closed loop power control

RF characteristics.

3. Optimization of frame structures and protocols:Protocol enhancementsReduced speech delay.

4. User requirements implementation issues:TETRA LCS (Location Service)Extended range capability.

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TETRA Air Interface EnhancementsJoint WG2/WG3 Study Results

• These air interface enhancements are not replacing TETRA release 1 but improving the performance of it!

• More than 99.9 % of TETRA release 1 is still valid, applicable and available today!

• EP TETRA must carefully set enhancement priorities.

• Make a more detailed technical study of the recommended items in working groups.

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Spectrum

TETRA Spectrum Assignments:

CEPT ERC Decisions 96 (01) and 96 (04)

380 390 400 410 420 430 450 460 470440 MHz

Emergency ServicesSpectrum Available Now

(in most European Countries)

PAMR TETRA (Shared)(Country Specific)

Spectrum Available Now (in most European Countries)

Early Private TETRA (PMR) Adopters(Country Specific Allocations)

Limited Spectrum available

PMR & PAMR (Civil TETRA)(Country Specific Allocations)

Limited Spectrum Available(Requires re-farming in most

Countries)

Possible Civil Allocations in some Countries and/or

PSS Expansion band

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Spectrum (contd.)FM 38

The TAPS System Reference Document (SRD) is being

progressed. Some Cellular Operators are opposed to TAPS in the 870-

921 MHz band because it is adjacent to the GSM

expansion band and could cause interference. The same potential for interference could apply to the

GSM-R band.

MHz

(870-876/915-921MHz)PMR & PAMR (Civil TETRA)

870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960

(876-880/921-925MHz)GSM-R (890-915/935-960MHz)

GSM Current Band

(880-890/925-935MHz)GSM Expansion Band

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Summary

Set of TETRA Release 2 User Requirement Specifications (URS) has been created by the EPT and TETRA users.

TAPS overlay High Speed Data standardisation has been completed and TEDS integrated HSD standardisation is to be completed by late 2003.

The 3GPP AMR Codec (@ 4.75kBit/s) has been selected for inclusion in TETRA Release 2 to allow inter-working with 3G networks without transcoding. A NATO codec is also under consideration as a second addition to Release 2 system.

A number of air interface enhancements have been identified and included in the work plan. These enhancements are not replacing TETRA release 1 but improving its performance!. More than 99.9 % of TETRA release 1 is still valid, applicable and available today!

A number of challenges still to overcome before Release 2 is fully standardised and the future upgradability of TETRA safeguarded.

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Potential Challenges for TETRA Release 2

Technology Choices Expertise and Resources Investment Priorities Frequency Spectrum Meeting user Expectations Regulatory Alternative Technology Choices Market Fragmentation Maintaining a Multi Vendor Market

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Conclusions

TETRA Release 2 guarantees longevity of TETRA by providing additional capability to support HSD and multimedia services to TETRA community.

Overall, the programme is going well allowing for adjustments dictated by market changes.

Selected technologies ensure that TETRA Release 2 addresses the HSD needs of the whole TETRA Community from small TETRA 1 upgrades to large operator networks.

Potential challenges have been identified, with both EPT and TETRA MoU at work to address these challenges.