temperature and noise logging in reservoir flow evaluation take a look behind the casing …
TRANSCRIPT
TEMPERATURE AND NOISE TEMPERATURE AND NOISE LOGGINGLOGGING
IN RESERVOIR FLOW IN RESERVOIR FLOW EVALUATIONEVALUATION
Take a look behind the casing …
Spectral Noise LogSpectral Noise Log
Static HPTStatic HPT
Dynamic HPTDynamic HPTSPINNERSPINNER
> 1 m> 1 m
SIGMASIGMA
CBLCBL
C/OC/OBLINDTHRU
TUBINGWFLWFL
> 3 m> 3 m
~ 1 m~ 1 m
~ 3 m~ 3 m
Scanning RadiusScanning Radius
frr
f
rrc c
c
Bih
Qc
rzr
*
02)(
-excess temperature: (r, z, t) = T (r, z, t) Tg (z)
- heat transfer equation:
zz
zrr
rr
z
rrh
tQzc
ta
zC f )()(
2
)()()(
0
t >0, r >rc , z < z <z +
-boundary conditions:
a) flowing
b) shut-in
cc rrrrc trzr
5.0)(
PhysicsPhysics
ExampleExample
Conventional temperatureConventional temperature High precision temperatureHigh precision temperature
TITI TSTSTDTD TSTSTDTDTITI
Matches with perforation intervalMatches with perforation intervalDoesn’t match with perforation Doesn’t match with perforation intervalinterval
ChannelingChanneling No injection belowNo injection below
ShiftShift >>10м10м
•Sensor at bottom of tool-string•Time response < 1 sec
•Sensor in middle of tool-string• Time response > 1 sec
Conventional vs High PresicionConventional vs High Presicion
Injectors
Active Producer
TG
Shut-in Producer
SHPT areal plotSHPT areal plot
Spinner
Temperature
Producer.Producer. SHPT vs PLTSHPT vs PLT
Spinner
Temperature
Injector. SHPT vs PLTInjector. SHPT vs PLT
High BSW
Active channeling
Current OWC or Coning
SHPT = bypassed oil
SIGMA = 50% sweep
Producer.Producer. SHPT vs SIGMA SHPT vs SIGMA
Fracture Non uniform Injection
OWC Rise or Coning Channeling
Type libraryType library
PLTSHPT
OWC
Bypassed oil
SHPT vs PLT 3D simulationSHPT vs PLT 3D simulation
OIL & GAS SERVICES
Spectral Noise Logging ToolSpectral Noise Logging Tool
Parameter Value
Operating frequency range, Hz 234.375 – 30,000
Frequency resolution, Hz 234.375
Number of frequency channels 512
Noise measurement range, dB 30–130
Maximum ambient operating pressure, MPa60
Operating temperature range, degC -20...+125
•Reading Mode – Memory•Temperature range – 125oC (253oF)•Pressure Range – 60 MPa
Noise Spectrum is defined by console/reservoir structure
1 kHz
SNL PhysicsSNL Physics
2
R Ef
l
R
l
E
[m] Diameter of console
[m] Length of console
[Pa] Young’s modulus of console’s material
[kg/m3] Density of console’s material
Large consoles Low frequencies
Small consoles High frequencies
FracturesChannels
Faults
Perfs
Orifice
Leaks
SSD
X-NIPPEL
Mandrels
Casing
Tubing
Regular
matrix
Tight
matrix
Super-tight
Matrix
SNL FrequencySNL Frequency
Sketch
How to read SNL panel…How to read SNL panel…
Super-tight
porous
Tight
porous
Regular
matrix
Channel
Macrofrac
Casing
Perfs
Bore hole Flow
Reservoir Matrix FlowFracture Flow
OIL & GAS SERVICES
Bore hole flow
Reservoir Matrix flow
Channeling
Fracture flow?
Producer.Producer. SNL + PLT SNL + PLT
OIL & GAS SERVICES
Bore hole flow
Reservoir Matrix flowChanneling
Fracture flow
Producer. Producer. SNL + PLT. ZoomSNL + PLT. Zoom
Bore hole flow
Reservoir Matrix flow
Channeling
Fracture flow
Producer.Producer. SNL + PLT. Communication. Zoom SNL + PLT. Communication. Zoom
Injector. SNL vs PLTInjector. SNL vs PLT
Matrix flow
Thief injection
Injector. SNL + HPT + PLT. CommunicationInjector. SNL + HPT + PLT. Communication
Injection Water Override
Reservoir Matrix flow
ObserverObserver. SNL + HPT. Lateral flow. SNL + HPT. Lateral flow
OIL & GAS SERVICES
Matrix flow
Matrix flowFractures survived
Flow shut-down
Fracture flow
Matrix killed
Open Hole – monitor drilling lossesOpen Hole – monitor drilling losses
InjectorObserver
Producer
T SNL
T SNL
T SNL
OIL & GAS SERVICES
The EndThe End
www.tgtoil.comwww.tgtoil.com
Open Hole – SNL3 vs conventional NLOpen Hole – SNL3 vs conventional NL
narrow wingswide wings